Mahmoud Abu Zeid Explained

Mahmoud Abou Zeid
Native Name:Mahmoud Abou Zeid
Birth Date:1987
Birth Place:Kuwait
Nationality:Egyptian
Other Names:Shawkan
Occupation:Freelance photojournalist
Known For:Photos of protests in Cairo
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Works:, which produces label "Works" -->
Awards:John Aubuchon Press Freedom Award 2016.
CPJ's 2016 International Press Freedom Awards.
UNESCO/Guillermo Cano Press Freedom Prize 2018.

Mahmoud Abu Zeid, also known as Shawkan (born c. 1987), an Egyptian photojournalist, was arrested for taking photos of the Rabaa massacre in Cairo, Egypt and imprisoned during the post-coup unrest by the Egyptian government since 2013, where he faced the death penalty.[1] By September 2018 he had been sentenced to a five-year prison term and was expected to be released shortly thereafter; he was released on 4 March 2019.[2]

Personal life

In 2016 Zeid has Hepatitis C, which he was diagnosed for while in prison. He has also been diagnosed with malnourishment, anemia, and depression, as well as lacking proper medical care.[3] [4]

Career

Zeid is a freelance photojournalist.[1] [5] He started working for Demotix in April 2010.[6] In the wake of the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état, Zeid took photographs of protests against General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi.[1] His work has been published in Time, The Sun, Die Zeit, Bild and on the BBC website.[1] [6] His work has also been reproduced by Amnesty International, Global Voices, IFEX, Index on Censorship and Open Democracy.[6]

Arrest

Zeid was arrested along with two other journalists while he was taking pictures of the 14 August 2013 Rabaa massacre.[7] [8]

The two other non-Egyptian journalists were released but Shawkan remained in prison for more than two years without charges.[9] [10] His case, along with 700 other defendants, is known as the "Rabaa sit-in dispersal".[11] Shawkan's camera has not been used as evidence he is a photojournalist, which makes his status as a prisoner ambiguous.[12]

By November 2015, he had been in "pre-trial detention for over two years".[13] On 26 March 2016, he was charged with six offences, and, as a result, faced the death penalty.[7]

On 8 September, an Egyptian court handed him a 5-year jail sentence which could see him leave prison "within a few days," said his lawyer Karim Abdelrady.[14] Abdelrady added that the sentence was nevertheless "unfair because he (Shawkan) was only doing his job".

Shawkan was released early on 4 March 2019, 6 years after he was arrested,[2] however as part of his sentencing, he had to spend his probation in Al Haram police station between the hours of 6pm and 6am every day for the next five years till his complete release on August 14, 2023.[15]

Context

Egypt was in 2015 among the top ten countries of world in the imprisonment of journalists with 12.[16] Shawkan is being held in Egypt's Tora Prison. As of end of 2015, China had the largest number of imprisoned journalists for the past two years with the number of 49 journalists.[17]

Reactions

There is an international campaign for Shawkan's release using the hashtag #FreeShawkan and several press freedom organizations including the Rory Peck Trust and the Committee to Protect Journalists have called for his release,[6] [18] [19] while Amnesty International has started an online petition for it.[7] In February 2015, the Committee to Protect Journalists met with officials in Egypt to call for his release.[20] Shawkan is a featured case in the Press Uncuffed campaign, led by Dana Priest and her students at the Phillip Merrill College of Journalism in collaboration with the Committee to Protect Journalists to help free imprisoned journalists throughout the world by selling bracelets bearing their names and raising awareness about their cases.[21] In 2016 the Committee to Protect Journalists organized an exhibit of Shawkan's work at the Bronx Documentary Center.[22]

In 2018, UNESCO awarded Press Freedom Prize for his contributions and marked its detention as Human Rights abuse.[23]

According to Jason Stern, a senior Middle East and North Africa research associate for the CPJ, Shawkan should have never been arrested for performing his job duties.[24] In a letter published by news outlets such as National Public Radio and Deutsche Welle, as well as human rights groups, Shawkan wrote about how journalism in Egypt has become a crime. There are 13 journalists who are facing a life sentence or death.[25] [26] [27]

Shawkan's brother, Mohammed, spoke on his brother's imprisonment, "For a year, my brother is being held without charges in prison, he was detained during the dispersal of Rabaa and his detention has been renewed since then. My brother never held a gun, he was simply doing his job, but unfortunately he was a freelancer, so he had no institution to back him or offer any support."[28]

Exhibits

Awards

Foundations

The Free Shawkan Foundation was founded by Shawkan’s lifelong best friend Ahmed Abu Seif in the United States to advocate for Shawkan and other imprisoned journalists worldwide.

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Trafford. Robert. Shawkan: Top Egyptian news photographer in prison for over 800 days without trial. The Independent. 28 October 2015.
  2. Web site: Egyptian photojournalist released from jail after nearly six years. 4 March 2019. News Central TV. http://web.archive.org/web/20190306042952/https://newscentral.ng/egyptian-photojournalist-released-from-jail-after-nearly-six-years/ . 2019-03-06. en-US. 4 March 2019.
  3. Web site: Mahmoud Abou Zeid (Shawkan) . 4 March 2019 . PEN America.
  4. Web site: Egyptian Photojournalist Receives US Award From Behind Bars. 29 June 2016. Egyptianstreets.com. 12 December 2016.
  5. Web site: Mahmoud Abou Zeid, Egypt - Awards - Committee to Protect Journalists. cpj.org.
  6. News: Greenslade. Roy. The photojournalist held in an Egyptian jail for 10 months without charge. 27 September 2016. The Guardian. 25 June 2014.
  7. Web site: Egyptian photojournalist at risk of death penalty. dead. Amnesty International. 27 September 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20170223205256/https://www.amnesty.org/en/get-involved/take-action/journalism-is-not-a-crime-free-shawkan/. 23 February 2017.
  8. Web site: Journalists detained, attacked amid unrest in Egypt. 19 August 2013.
  9. News: On the Divide: Press Freedom at Risk in Egypt. 14 August 2013.
  10. News: In Egypt, censorship, an arrest, and court hearings for journalists . 7 November 2016.
  11. News: Shawkan finds organisation for journalists' rights while in detention . . 7 December 2015 . 12 December 2016.
  12. Web site: After nearly 1000 days in prison, hearing adjourned for photojournalist Shawkan. 23 April 2016. Madamasr.com. 12 December 2016.
  13. News: Black. Ian. Khalil. Jahd. Anger as Egypt detains campaigning journalist. 27 September 2016. The Guardian. 9 November 2015.
  14. News: Egypt court hands 5-year jail term to photojournalist Shawkan. 8 September 2018. Rappler. . Cairo . 8 September 2018.
  15. News: Mansour . Sherif. In Egypt, 'freedom' ends daily at 6pm for Shawkan and Abdelfattah. 1 December 2023. cpj. 2 April 2019.
  16. Web site: Egypt photojournalist describes detention of over 600 days. Yahoo.com. 12 December 2016.
  17. Web site: Free Press Report: China, Egypt Lead World in Jailing Journalists. Ken. Bredemeier. 15 December 2015 . VOA News.
  18. Web site: World Press Freedom Day marks 262 days in prison without charge for Egyptian photographer Mahmoud Abou Zeid. Rory Peck Trust. 2 May 2014.
  19. Web site: CPJ urges Egypt to release journalists ahead of Eid al-Adha holiday. Committee to Protect Journalists. 27 September 2016. 25 August 2016.
  20. Web site: Mission Journal: In Egypt, glimmer of hope in bleak press environment. Courtney C. Radsch. 13 February 2015.
  21. Web site: Press Uncuffed. CPJ.org.
  22. Web site: The price of photography: Shawkan, 1000+ days behind bars - Committee to Protect Journalists. cpj.org.
  23. Web site: Egypt releases award-winning photojournalist after five years. epaper.dawn.com. 5 March 2019 . 2019-03-05. Click on "text view" button to see story.
  24. Web site: Egyptian authorities postpone the trial of photojournalist Mahmoud Abou Zeid. 6 February 2016 . AfricaNews.
  25. Web site: Hearing Postponed For Freelance Photographer Jailed In Egypt. NPR . 21 July 2015 . NPR.org. Fadel . Leila .
  26. Web site: 'I am a journalist, not a criminal' - Freedom of Speech . 29 June 2015. Deutsche Welle.
  27. Web site: 600 days in jail for taking pictures: A letter from an Egyptian prison. 5 April 2015 . Amnesty International.
  28. Web site: A freelance photojournalist forgotten behind prison walls. 28 July 2014. Madamasr.com. 12 December 2016.
  29. Web site: Why Has This Egyptian Photojournalist Been Imprisoned for More Than 1,000 Days?. 7 September 2016. Slate.
  30. Web site: National Press Club honors two photographers with Press Freedom Awards. 24 June 2016. National Press Club (US).
  31. Web site: Mahmoud Abou Zeid, Egypt - Awards . Committee to Protect Journalists.

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