| Magadi | |
| Other Name: | Mahagadi |
| Nickname: | The leopard country |
| Settlement Type: | Town |
| Pushpin Map: | India Karnataka |
| Pushpin Label Position: | right |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Karnataka, India |
| Coordinates: | 12.97°N 77.23°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  India |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Karnataka |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name2: | Bengaluru South |
| Founder: | Kempegowda |
| Governing Body: | Town Municipal Council |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 5 |
| Area Rural Km2: | 794 |
| Elevation M: | 895 |
| Population Total: | 27605 [1] |
| Population Rural: | 176236 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type1: | Languages |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Official |
| Demographics1 Info1: | Kannada |
| Timezone1: | IST |
| Utc Offset1: | +5:30 |
| Postal Code Type: | PIN |
| Postal Code: | 562120 [2] |
| Registration Plate: | KA-42 |
| Website: | http://www.magaditown.mrc.gov.in |
Magadi is a town and taluk located in Bengaluru South district, Karnataka, India.
As per a legend, Magadi was founded in 1139 by a Chola king, who, in the course of an expedition, heard that in early times it had been the residence of some saints. Magadi later passed into the hands of Hoysalas, before it became a part of the Vijayanagara Empire. The town was expanded in area during the reign of Achyuta Deva Raya, who had appointed Samanta Raya to manage the affairs of the district that Magadi was a part of. Samanta Raya received the town as a grant from the king in return for his fortification of Savandurga, who had it possession from 1543 to 1571, before it was passed on to his son Sampaja Raya. Attempts to plunder the town by Gangappa Nayak, a watchman during Chikka Raya's reign, was thwarted by Kempe Gowda I, who put him to death, before taking over the town. Gowda later retired to Magadi and the town came to associated with his family in the years to come.[3]
Epigraphically, the history of Magadi is much earlier as the earliest epigraphical document is from the Kalya village dated paleographically to the 550 CE. It is documented in Akshara Bhandara, a digital compendium of Kannada inscriptions by the Mythic society.[4] The inscriptions of Magadi are mostly documented in Volume 9 of Epigraphia carnatica, recently discovered inscriptions are published in journals like Itihasa darpana and the journals of Mythic Society.[5] [6] Among the significant inscriptions is the Vaishnava-Jaina conflict resolution inscription documented in the Kalya village, dated to 1368 CE, that records the conflict between the followers of the two religions and the subsequent resolution of it by king Bukkaraya II.[7]
Magadi was captured by the Mysore army in 1728 and the chief carried prisoner to Srirangapatna, where he died, the last of his line. The 1875 Gazetteer of Bangalore noted the population of Magadi to be around 4,000 and that it compirsed 650 houses.[3]
Magadi is located at .[8] It has an average elevation of 925 metres (3034 feet).
India census, Magadi had a population of 27,605. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Magadi has an average literacy rate of 69%, male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 65%.[9]