The Magadha period is the era in the history of Indian subcontinent when several Magadha-based empires, or Magadha Empires, asserted dominance over the region. Rulers are as follows:
| Brihadratha Empire | Brihadratha | Girivraja | Also known as Barhadratha dynasty | ||
| Pradyota Empire | Pradyota | Rajagriha | |||
| Haryanka Empire | Bimbisara | Rajagriha (544–490 BCE) Pataliputra (490–413 BCE) | Also known as Bimbisara dynasty | ||
| Shishunaga Empire | Shishunaga | Rajgir (primary)Vaishali (secondary)Later Pataliputra | |||
| Nanda Empire | Mahapadmanand | Pataliputra | |||
| Maurya Empire | Chandragupta Maurya | Pataliputra | |||
| Shunga Empire | Pusyamitra Sunga | Pataliputra | |||
| Kanva Empire | Vasudeva | Pataliputra Vidisha | |||
| Gupta Empire | Gupta (king) | ||||
| Later Gupta Empire | Krishna-gupta | ||||
| Pala Empire | Dharmapal | ||||
| Sena Empire | Samanta Sena |