| Official Name: | Madison Township |
| Settlement Type: | Township |
| Mapsize: | 295px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Indiana |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Daviess |
| Government Type: | Indiana township |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 36.79 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 36.64 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 0.15 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Total: | 3018 |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | auto |
| Elevation Footnotes: | [1] |
| Elevation M: | 187 |
| Elevation Ft: | 614 |
| Coordinates: | 38.8594°N -86.9669°W |
| Blank Name: | FIPS code |
| Blank Info: | 18-45936[2] |
| Blank1 Name: | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank1 Info: | 453590 |
Madison Township is one of ten townships in Daviess County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,018 (up from 2,840 at 2010[3]) and it contained 1,276 housing units.[4]
Madison Township was organized in 1823 and given the name of "Wallace Township". It had first been settled about two years before; the first pioneer was Baldwin Howard, whose initial residence was about south of the present town of Odon. The original name was used for twelve years; in 1835, residents supported a petition to change the township's name to "Madison", and the county commissioners granted their request.[5]
Among the township's leading nineteenth-century residents was one Ben Perkins, a mulatto; despite the prevailing sentiments of the time, he was well regarded in the community. Living at a time when only whites held the franchise, he regularly voted the Whig ticket without being challenged. In the 1856 spring elections, the Know Nothing movement was popular in Madison Township, and the Democrats nominated Perkins for township clerk; to their surprise, he won, and his actions in office won him the reputation of one of the best clerks the township ever had. To the even greater surprise of local Democratic leaders, Perkins refused to vote the party line in the presidential election of that autumn, instead supporting John C. Frémont, the Republican candidate.
According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of, of which (or 99.59%) is land and (or 0.41%) is water.[3]
The township contains these cemeteries: Ferguson, Friendship, Pleasant Hill and Walnut Hill.