| Madison, Florida | |
| Official Name: | City of Madison |
| Settlement Type: | City |
| Motto: | "The City of Four Freedoms"[1] |
| Mapsize: | 250x200px |
| Coordinates: | 30.4667°N -108°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  United States |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Established Title: | Settled |
| Established Date: | May 2, 1838 |
| Established Title3: | Incorporated |
| Established Date3: | 1945[2] |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Name: | Ina Thompson |
| Leader Title1: | Mayor Pro Tem |
| Leader Name1: | Jim Catron |
| Leader Title2: | Commissioners |
| Leader Name2: | Rayne Cooks, Byron Poore, and Judy Townsend |
| Leader Title3: | City Manager |
| Leader Name3: | Jerome Wyche |
| Leader Title4: | City Clerk |
| Leader Name4: | Lee Anne Hall |
| Unit Pref: | Imperial |
| Area Footnotes: | [3] |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 2.69 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 2.64 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 0.05 |
| Elevation Ft: | 190 |
| Population Total: | 2912 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Footnotes: | [4] |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | 1104.70 |
| Postal Code Type: | ZIP codes |
| Postal Code: | 32340-32341 |
| Area Code: | 850 |
| Timezone: | Eastern (EST) |
| Utc Offset: | -5 |
| Timezone Dst: | EDT |
| Utc Offset Dst: | -4 |
| Blank Name: | FIPS code |
| Blank Info: | 12-42425[5] |
| Blank1 Name: | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank1 Info: | 0286274 |
Madison is a city in and the county seat of Madison County, on the central northern border of Florida, United States.[6] The population was 2,912 at the 2020 census.[4]
The territory now known as Madison County was ruled at various times by Spain and The United States of America. This area was developed for cotton plantations dependent on the labor of enslaved African Americans. After the Civil War and emancipation, many freedmen and their descendants stayed in the region, working as sharecroppers or tenant farmers.
Racial violence of whites against blacks increased after the Reconstruction era, reaching a peak near the turn of the 20th century. The following African Americans were lynched in Madison: Savage and James in 1882,[7] Charles Martin, 1 February 1899; both James Denson and his stepson, 7 January 1901; and an unidentified man, 9 February 1906.[8]
Madison is located slightly east of the center of Madison County at 30.4667°N -108°W (30.466, –83.415).[9] U.S. Route 90 passes through the center of town, leading west to Tallahassee, the state capital, and southeast to Lake City. Interstate 10 passes 4miles to the south of Madison with access from exits 251 and 258.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.7sqmi, of which 0.05sqmi, or 1.93%, are water.[3]
The climate for the City of Madison is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Madison has a humid subtropical climate zone, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[10]
| White (NH) | 863 | 840 | 30.36% | 28.85% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 1,869 | 1,849 | 65.74% | 63.50% |
| Native American or Alaska Native (NH) | 11 | 13 | 0.39% | 0.45% |
| Asian (NH) | 19 | 12 | 0.67% | 0.41% |
| Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Some other race (NH) | 1 | 4 | 0.04% | 0.14% |
| Two or more races/Multiracial (NH) | 41 | 82 | 1.44% | 2.82% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 39 | 112 | 1.37% | 3.85% |
| Total | 2,843 | 2,912 | ||
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,912 people, 1,101 households, and 556 families residing in the city.[13]
As of the 2010 United States census, there were 2,843 people, 1,237 households, and 696 families residing in the city.[14]
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,061 people, 1,227 households, and 764 families residing in the city. The population density was 1209.7sp=usNaNsp=us. There were 1,395 housing units at an average density of 551.3sp=usNaNsp=us. The racial makeup of the city was 35.74% White, 62.43% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.49% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.29% from other races, and 0.91% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.16% of the population.
In 2000, there were 1,227 households, out of which 30.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.6% were married couples living together, 27.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.7% were non-families. 33.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.13.
In 2000, in the city, the population was spread out, with 29.1% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.6 males.
In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $17,656, and the median income for a family was $22,988. Males had a median income of $24,101 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $10,041. About 37.0% of families and 39.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 49.2% of those under age 18 and 28.9% of those age 65 or over.
Madison has the city manager-council form of government. City commissioners are elected from districts and serve for four years. The commission appoints the city manager and city clerk; a mayor-commissioner serves a one-year term. The City of Madison has a 14 officer police department, and a 9 firefighter fire department.
The 2008–2009 millage rate is 6.0484. The General Fund Budget is $7,344,592. Emphasis is placed on public safety, primarily expanding the Fire Department full-time personnel to implement a 24/48 hour, 3 shift coverage. In addition, the city plans to address abandoned and rundown property issues.
Madison is served by two campuses of the District School Board of Madison County, Madison County Central School (PK–8) and Madison County High School.
North Florida College provides post-secondary instruction for six counties (Hamilton, Jefferson, Lafayette, Madison, Suwannee, and Taylor). In addition, St. Leo University provides university instruction at the junior-senior level.
Area newspapers published by Greene Publishing are Madison County Carrier and The Madison Enterprise Recorder.
Madison is served by Madison Shuttle, a bus route operated by Big Bend Transit.[15]
Freight service is provided by the Florida Gulf & Atlantic Railroad, which acquired most of the former CSX main line from Pensacola to Jacksonville on June 1, 2019.