Madame Max Adolphe Explained

Madame Adolphe
Birth Name:Rosalie Bosquet
Birth Date:10 September 1925
Birth Place:Mirebalais, Haiti
Disappeared Date:February, 1986 (aged 60)
Nationality:Haitian

Madame Max Adolphe (née , also known as ) (born September 10, 1925)[1] [2] was the right hand woman of former Haitian president François Duvalier, who used the nickname "PapaDoc". In 1961 she and Aviole Paul-Blanc were elected to Parliament, becoming the first female MPs in Haiti.[3] She was born in Mirebalais, Haiti.

Biography

Adolphe, then known as Rosalie Bosquet, came to the attention of Duvalier during an attempt on his life. While she was a low ranking officer in the Tonton Macoute, her courage impressed the president so much that he promoted her to the position of warden at . At the prison, Adolphe continued her strong support of the government and was known for her violent interrogations of political prisoners. She was not viewed as a political threat to the President because of her sex.[4] After marrying Health Minister Max Adolphe, she assumed his full name.

Daily killings, torture, and beatings were typical at the prison during her tenure. She developed a "gruesome reputation for herself as she designed inventive sexual tortures" in Fort Dimanche.[5] She was later promoted to the Supreme Head of the French: Fillettes Laleau, the female branch of the Tonton Macoutes.[6] She also collected a monthly rent check from US Special Forces for the use of her compound.[7] She was reported to have supervised the torture of children and elderly, and to have kept video tapes of the horrors. She liked to arm herself with an Uzi submachine gun.[8]

Disappearance

When Papa Doc died in 1971, and his son, Jean-Claude Duvalier, succeeded him, he had Adolphe removed from her post as head of Fort Dimanche. By May 1972 she had been appointed mayor of which brought her attention to the city's sewage disposal.[9] Prior to the end of the Duvalier dynasty in 1986, when the Duvaliers fled the capital, she said "t seems Jean-Claude is leaving the country soon. All militia members will be in danger. Much blood will be shed". Vengeful Haitians killed scores, if not hundreds of former militiamen who used to report to Madame Max.[10] On 10 February 1986 a soldier guarding her vacant house from looters reported that she was being held prisoner in an army barracks next to the national palace.[11] By February 1986 she left the country,[12] but her current whereabouts are unknown.

Her daughter, Magalie Racine (née Adolphe), lives in Haiti and married former Secretary of State and president of the Tèt Kale Party Georges Racine.[13] She was Minister of Youth and Sport in 2013-2014 under Prime Minister Laurent Lamothe and President Michel Martelly, known for his neo-Duvalierist sympathies.[14] [15]

See also

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Web site: L'Union Suite . L'Union Creative LLC . Wanda . Tima . Meet Madame Max Adolphe: The Right Hand Woman of Duvalier During His Presidency . 27 January 2021 . Miami, Florida, United States . https://web.archive.org/web/20210127195653/https://www.lunionsuite.com/meet-madame-max-adolphe-the-right-hand-woman-of-duvalier-during-his-presidency . 5 February 2013 .
  2. Web site: Report by the Special Inquest Commission on the Troubling Death of Judge Jean Serge Joseph, Part II, The Facts. miningawareness. 2013-08-17. Mining Awareness +. 2017-06-07.
  3. News: Port-au-Prince, Haiti . 14 May 1961 . Haiti Sun . 95058138 . 32441147 . XIV . 27 . First women deputies sit in unicameral . Digital Library of the Caribbean . R. . Cheney Jr. .
  4. News: Brooke . James . 1986-02-07 . Baby Doc follows Papa and Unleashes the Hated Tontons . The Age . 2016-06-18.
  5. Book: Girard, Philippe R. . Africa and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History: A Multidisciplinary Encyclopedia . https://books.google.com/books?id=vbZzCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA392 . Transatlantic Relations Series . 1 . 2008 . ABC-CLIO . Santa Barbara, California . 978-1-85109-446-2 . 2007035154 . 168716701 . 392 . François Duvalier . Juang . Richard M. . Morrissette . Noelle.
  6. News: KNT News Service . . Lakeland Ledger . . 0163-0288 . Lakeland, Florida, United States . Alfonso . Chardy . 13 February 1986 . 80 . 114 . Lynn O. . Matthews . Louis Michael . Perez . Dave . Mathes . 7C . Life/Style . Duvalier left 'Madame Max' to wrath of native Haitians .
  7. Haitian Lament: Killing Me Softly . The Nation . Coughlin . Dan . 1999 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151019160859/http://www.thenation.com/article/haitian-lament-killing-me-softly/ . 19 October 2015 . live . Madame Max Adolphe, for instance, the sadistic head of the Tonton Macoutes under 'Papa Doc' Duvalier, collected a monthly rent check from US Special Forces for the use of her compound. As one young militant put it,'The pot of rice gets cooked in the name of the children, but it's the adults who eat'. .
  8. News: Chardy . Alfonso . 1994-09-18 . Island in the Grip of Voodoo and Violence . The Sydney Morning Herald. 2016-06-18.
  9. Dynastic republicanism in Haiti . 1973 . The Political Quarterly . Wiley . 44 . 1 . 83 . 10.1111/j.1467-923X.1973.tb02078.x . 0032-3179 . Peasants stoned the house of Zacharie Delva, and Eloise Maître has returned to his bakery in the Grande Rue, while the formidable Madame Max Adolphe (at one time commandant of Fort Dimanche, where most important political prisoners were incarcerated or eliminated) has transferred her matronly attentions, as Mayor of, to the problems of urban sewage disposal..
  10. News: Chardy . Alfonso . 1986-02-12 . Where has Haiti's Chief 'Bogeyman' Gone? . The Anniston Star. 2016-06-18.
  11. News: Associated Press . 1986-02-11 . Haiti Leader Vows to Share Wealth. Associated Press .
  12. News: Two Former Duvalier Aides Arrested In Haiti . 27 February 1986 . Philadelphia Inquirer . Inquirer Wire Services . https://web.archive.org/web/20150217223121/http://articles.philly.com/1986-02-27/news/26090157_1_justice-minister-gerard-gourgue-luc-desir-emmanuel-ambroise . 17 February 2015 . live . And Madame Max also has left the country, Aubelin Jolicoeur, director of tourism, said yesterday, .
  13. Web site: L'ancienne ministre, Magalie Racine, dans la course à la députation . Rezo Nòdwès . 5 May 2015 . 4 October 2021.
  14. Web site: Magalie Adolphe Racine run for Deputy of Mirebalais and Boucan Carre. Haiti Photos.
  15. Web site: Haïti - Installation : Magalie Racine, Ministre de la jeunesse, des sports et de l'action civique (+ discours). Haiti Libre . 25 January 2013 . 4 October 2021.

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