Mactan–Cebu International Airport Explained

Mactan–Cebu International Airport
Image2-Width:250
Iata:CEB
Icao:RPVM
Wmo:98646
Type:Public
Owner:Mactan–Cebu International Airport Authority
Operator:Aboitiz InfraCapital Inc.
GMR–Megawide Cebu Airport Corporation
City-Served:Cebu
Location:Mactan, Lapu-Lapu City, Cebu, Philippines
Timezone:PHT
Coordinates:10.3072°N 123.9789°W
Pushpin Map:Metro Cebu#Visayas#Philippines
Pushpin Label:CEB/RPVM
Metric-Elev:yes
Elevation-F:31
Elevation-M:9
Metric-Rwy:yes
R1-Number:04L/22R[1]
R1-Length-F:8,400
R1-Length-M:2,560
R1-Surface:Concrete
R2-Number:04R/22L
R2-Length-F:10,827
R2-Length-M:3,300
R2-Surface:Asphalt
Stat-Year:2023
Stat1-Header:Passengers
Stat1-Data:10,050,340
80.75%
Stat2-Header:Aircraft movements
Stat2-Data:89,712
63.12%
Stat3-Header:Cargo (in kg)
Stat3-Data:58,011,469
2.50%
Footnotes:Source: MCIAA

Mactan–Cebu International Airport is an international airport serving Cebu and serves as the main gateway to the Central Visayas region in the Philippines. Located on a 797ha site in Lapu-Lapu City on Mactan, it is the second busiest airport in the Philippines.[2] Opened on April 27, 1966, the airport serves as a hub for Philippine Airlines, and as an operating base for Cebu Pacific, Philippines AirAsia, and Sunlight Air.

The airport is managed by the Mactan–Cebu International Airport Authority and operated by the GMR–Megawide Cebu Airport Corporation.

History

Early years

The runway was built by the United States Air Force in 1956 as an emergency airport for Strategic Air Command bombers. It was known back then as the Mactan Air Base.[3] It remained a spartan outpost until the Vietnam War in the 1960s when it became a base for a C-130 unit of the U.S. Air Force.

Commercial operations started on April 27, 1966[4] for domestic flights. It replaced the now closed Lahug Airport (now the site of Cebu IT Park) which could no longer be expanded due to safety and physical problems. International charter flights later commenced in 1978.

On July 31, 1990, Republic Act No. 6958 was approved, which created and established the Mactan–Cebu International Airport Authority (MCIAA). The law transferred the existing assets and operations of Mactan–Cebu International Airport and Lahug Airport to the newly created MCIAA.[5]

Expansion

Plans for a new terminal were laid as early as 2005, but the expansion of the existing terminal was instead pursued. By 2009, the airport handled 4.8 million passengers, way beyond the capacity of 4.5 million. By 2017, the airport handled more than ten million passengers.

The expansion of the airport was included on the list of big-ticket public-private partnership (PPP) projects as part of the PPP infrastructure program that was launched in 2010. Bidding was opened in 2012.[6] On April 23, 2014, the Department of Transportation and Communications awarded the operations and maintenance of MCIA to a consortium of the Philippine Megawide Construction Corporation and Bangalore-based GMR Infrastructure. The consortium won with a bid of . MCIAA handed over the operations and maintenance of the airport to the private consortium on November 1, 2014.[7] [8] [9]

On June 29, 2015, President Benigno Aquino III led the ground-breaking rites at the site of the old Philippine Air Force base in Lapu-Lapu City which had been demolished to give way for the Terminal 2 construction.[10] Construction of Terminal 2 began on January 22, 2016.[11] On June 7, 2018, Terminal 2 was inaugurated by President Rodrigo Duterte,[12] [13] with the terminal being operational on July 1.

On May 5, 2021, the second taxiway and expanded apron of the airport was inaugurated.[14]

Contemporary history

Following Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda), one of the biggest typhoons ever recorded and one of the most destructive typhoons in the Philippines, the airport was used as a center for air operations for the relief effort. The airport is centrally located in the Visayas which was the region most affected by the storm, especially the Eastern Visayas islands of Leyte and Samar. The Cebu airport was relatively unaffected by the storm while the airports of the Eastern Visayas were unusable immediately after.[15]

On November 12, 2013, the world's longest and heaviest aircraft, the Antonov An-225 Mriya, landed at MCIA from the Zagreb International Airport in Croatia for the first time in the Philippines. It delivered a 180-ton replacement transformer from the Croatian energy company KONČAR for the First Gen Corporation's power plant in Batangas City. Officials of First Gen approached MCIAA General Manager Nigel Paul Villarete to allow the Antonov An-225 to utilize the airport for the transportation of their delivery after officials from Clark International Airport, Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Manila, and Subic Bay International Airport refused to allow the aircraft to utilize their airports.[16] According to First Gen President Francis Giles Puno, MCIA had been inspected by Antonov Airlines, the owner of the Antonov An-225 aircraft, as the most viable option for their aircraft, "after considering the combination of airport, onward land transport and sea freight."[17]

On August 27, 2018, on the occasion of National Heroes Day, President Duterte expressed support for renaming the airport after Mactan chieftain Lapu-Lapu whose forces killed Ferdinand Magellan during the Battle of Mactan in 1521.[18]

On December 16, 2021, the airport was closed indefinitely after sustaining heavy damage from Typhoon Rai (Odette) before resuming operations on December 19 under a new layout that integrates both terminals together since the domestic terminal sustained the most damage, while the international terminal only suffered minor damage.[19]

In September 2022, Aboitiz purchased a 33.33% stake on GMR–Megawide Cebu Airport Corporation. Aboitiz plans to completely take full control of the operations of the airport by 2024.[20]

Future development

On May 22, 2017, Mactan–Cebu International Airport Authority (MCIAA) passed a resolution approving the proposal to start the construction of a second runway, which was proposed by Rep. Raul del Mar of Cebu. Del Mar proposed that the construction of the second runway be funded using P4.9- billion sourced from the P14.4 billion premium given by the GMCAC when it won the bid to develop and manage the MCIA terminal. Once completed, the second runway will be adjacent to the existing first runway and will enable simultaneous runway operations.[21]

The groundbreaking ceremony of the second runway was held on January 14, 2020.[22]

Terminals

Mactan–Cebu International Airport has two passenger terminals, with plans laid in 2019 for another terminal.[23]

Passenger terminal infrastructure
TerminalOpenedFloor areaHandling capacityParking bays
Terminal 1199038525m211.7 million passengers per year6 (aerobridge)
12 (remote)
Terminal 2July 1, 201865500m28 million passengers per year7 (aerobridge)
5 (remote)
Total104025m219.7 million passengers per year13 (aerobridge)
17 (remote)

Terminal 1

Terminal 1, which was built in 1990, serves as the airport's domestic terminal. Prior to the completion and opening of Terminal 2, it housed both domestic and international operations and prior to its expansion, had an annual capacity of 4.5 million passengers, before being increased to eight million following minor renovations from 2015 to 2016.

The terminal has a floor area of 38525sqm. It has five jet bridges and twelve remote parking spaces for aircraft. There are five baggage conveyor belts in the baggage claim area.[24]

GMR–Megawide Cebu Airport Corporation announced a two-phase renovation of Terminal 1 in December 2018 as part of its investment to improve the terminals.[25] The renovation involved the expansion of the pre-departure area and improved flight information displays. Manila-based architectural firm Budji + Royal Architecture + Design handled the renovation of the terminal, which was based on a resort-type design. One of its features is the Airport Village, which merges the arrival and departure areas to allow passengers to mingle within the airport. To facilitate its construction, the arrivals road was permanently closed. Renovations began in March 2019.[26] President Rodrigo Duterte inaugurated the newly rehabilitated Terminal 1 on January 19, 2020, increasing its capacity to 11.7 million passengers.[27]

Terminal 2

Terminal 2 is the newest airport terminal and has an annual capacity of eight million passengers.[28] Construction began on January 22, 2016, and was inaugurated by President Rodrigo Duterte on June 7, 2018, before opening to passengers on July 1.

Integrated Design Associates designed the terminal with European timber arches from Austria that look like an inverted boat hull, and a wave-like roof that evokes a tropical and resort-like feel.[29] It represents the sea waves that surrounds the island of Cebu. Terminal 2 won an award for the category "Completed Buildings – Transport" at the World Architecture Festival in 2019.[30] [31]

Occupying an area of 65500sqm, the terminal has 4 check-in halls with 48 check-in counters in the departures area expandable to 72, 7 jet bridges expandable to 12, 12 escalators, 15 elevators, duty-free shops, and a departure lobby. The terminal's modular design allows for progressive expansion, with a fundamental building block structured for maximum adaptability to future development. Terminal 2 is exclusive only for international flights. However, due to the aftermath of Typhoon Odette, it was used for both domestic and international flights from January 16, 2022, until most parts of Terminal 1 were fully repaired by June.[32] [33] [34]

Structure

Runways

The airport has a 3300m (10,800feet) main runway (Runway 04R/22L) with a width of 45m (148feet) that was built by the United States in 1956 as an emergency airport for U.S. Air Forces' Strategic Air Command bombers and was known as Mactan Air Base. The runway is complemented by a full-length taxiway that it shares with the current Mactan Air Base of the Philippine Air Force.

The second runway (Runway 04L/22R) started construction in January 2020. It is 2560m (8,400feet) long and 45m (148feet) wide.[1] It was completed in January 2024. The runway serves as an emergency runway in case of major situations concerning the main runway.[35] [36]

Other structures

The airport has other government buildings like the two-level CAAP Administration Building and the six-level MCIAA Corporate Building, both located within the airport complex.[37] The parking area outside the terminals has a total capacity of 750 cars.

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Notes

Cargo

Statistics

Data from the Mactan–Cebu International Airport Authority (MCIAA).[38] [39]

YearPassenger movementsAircraft movementsCargo movements (in kg)
Domestic International Total % changeDomestic International Total % changeDomestic International Total % change
19911,401,671 57,988 1,459,659 22,495 786 23,281 22,704,044 577,966 23,282,010
19921,592,173 97,842 1,690,015 15.78 22,638 919 23,557 1.19 24,157,026 1,914,630 26,071,656 11.98
19931,635,779 172,966 1,808,745 7.03 18,401 1,508 19,909 15.49 28,782,759 739,662 29,522,421 13.24
19941,714,104 244,602 1,958,706 8.29 18,191 2,109 20,300 1.96 35,487,442 1,106,365 36,593,807 23.95
19951,841,904 307,203 2,149,107 9.72% 18,854 2,565 21,419 5.51 34,094,876 6,837,271 40,932,147 11.86
19962,047,966 354,818 2,402,784 11.80 21,136 3,079 24,215 13.05 38,506,657 10,862,813 49,369,470 20.61
19972,331,431 387,190 2,718,621 13.14 23,537 3,398 26,935 11.23 40,635,709 12,082,148 52,717,857 6.78
19981,759,141 312,663 2,071,804 23.79 18,281 3,022 21,303 20.91 28,087,092 18,598,134 46,685,226 11.44
19991,912,107 384,047 2,296,154 10.83 21,936 3,986 25,922 21.68 26,458,875 19,189,755 45,648,630 2.22
20001,889,114 403,735 2,292,849 0.14 20,691 3,509 24,200 6.64 34,271,494 22,326,355 56,597,849 23.99
20011,855,363 397,370 2,252,733 1.75 24,304 4,140 28,444 17.54 32,985,484 19,712,628 52,698,112 6.89
20021,709,259 425,957 2,135,216 5.22 24,366 3,601 27,967 1.68 26,603,917 19,840,629 46,444,546 11.87
20031,850,453 422,329 2,272,782 6.44 24,488 3,886 28,374 1.46 30,048,371 19,428,129 49,476,500 6.53
20042,033,556 578,206 2,611,762 14.91 23,837 4,261 28,098 0.97 37,985,572 19,678,009 57,663,581 16.55
20052,106,380 672,284 2,778,664 6.39 22,444 4,653 27,097 3.56 34,851,582 17,343,810 52,195,392 9.48
20062,291,952 778,210 3,070,162 10.49 22,128 5,621 27,749 2.41 31,851,644 18,773,805 50,625,449 3.01
20072,765,523 965,977 3,731,500 21.54 24,004 7,373 31,377 13.07 34,274,471 19,198,453 53,472,924 5.62
20082,997,161 994,089 3,991,250 6.96 27,205 7,619 34,824 10.99 31,504,729 17,435,687 48,940,416 8.48
20093,841,990 920,913 4,762,903 19.33 37,328 7,011 44,339 27.32 31,248,525 14,610,526 45,859,051 6.30
20104,206,651 1,206,801 5,413,452 13.66 39,470 7,907 47,377 6.85 36,191,069 18,686,898 54,877,967 19.67
20114,748,333 1,467,613 6,215,946 14.82 44,300 9,509 53,809 13.58 36,511,394 15,271,651 51,783,045 5.64
20125,257,941 1,513,377 6,771,318 8.93 49,242 9,646 58,888 9.44 43,415,209 13,558,398 56,973,607 10.02
20135,369,929 1,626,183 6,996,112 3.32 53,954 10,991 64,945 10.29 46,548,042 15,186,420 61,734,462 8.36
20145,160,109 1,679,740 6,839,849 2.23 44,651 11,630 56,281 13.34 39,081,696 15,048,599 54,130,295 12.32
20155,769,104 2,012,135 7,781,239 13.76 48,850 13,363 62,213 10.54 65,378,724 19,353,499 84,732,223 56.53
20166,334,283 2,436,355 8,770,638 12.72 55,804 15,739 71,543 15.00 49,976,828 16,947,007 66,923,835 21.02
20176,904,978 3,145,962 10,050,940 14.60 65,310 21,070 86,380 20.74 55,340,945 17,974,165 73,315,110 9.55
20187,611,398 3,788,489 11,377,887 13.20 75,010 25,439 100,449 16.29 62,817,080 19,240,760 82,057,840 11.92
2019 8,370,466 4,291,589 12,662,055 11.29 79,282 28,512 107,794 7.31 58,664,442 17,906,524 76,570,966 6.69
20201,939,845 806,331 2,746,176 78.31 22,707 6,780 29,487 72.65 29,446,858 14,392,812 43,839,670 42.75
20211,163,960 167,571 1,331,531 51.51 14,900 2,897 17,797 39.64 30,424,637 24,632,353 55,056,990 25.59
20224,870,471 689,787 5,560,258 317.58 48,470 6,527 54,997 209.02 32,098,134 24,497,907 56,596,041 2.80
20237,537,756 2,512,584 10,050,340 80.75 72,757 16,955 89,712 63.12 39,694,942 18,316,527 58,011,469 2.50

Accidents and incidents

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Cebu airport's second runway halfway done . October 28, 2021 . PortCalls Asia.
  2. Book: Hoontrakul, P.. The Global Rise of Asian Transformation: Trends and Developments in Economic Growth Dynamics. 2014. Palgrave Macmillan. New York.
  3. Web site: Mactan–Benito Ebuen Air Base. Globalsecurity.org. July 22, 2013.
  4. Web site: G.R. No. 162288 . April 4, 2007 . December 7, 2022.
  5. Republic Act . AN ACT CREATING THE MACTAN-CEBU INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AUTHORITY, TRANSFERRING EXISTING ASSETS OF THE MACTAN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AND THE LAHUG AIRPORT TO THE AUTHORITY, VESTING THE AUTHORITY WITH POWER TO ADMINISTER AND OPERATE THE MACTAN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AND THE LAHUG AIRPORT, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES . 6958 . 1990 . 2022-12-07.
  6. News: Mactan's maiden flight . Ana . Roa . Philippine Daily Inquirer . May 12, 2018 . December 7, 2022.
  7. News: Megawide-GMR remits P16.1-B payment for Cebu airport project . Agcaoili . Lawrence . April 23, 2014 . The Philippine Star.
  8. News: Manila Bulletin. Megawide-GMR airport design reflects Cebu culture | Manila Bulletin | Latest Breaking News | News Philippines . May 17, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140517234806/http://www.mb.com.ph/megawide-gmr-airport-design-reflects-cebu-culture/ . May 17, 2014 . dead .
  9. Web site: Philippine-India consortium to overhaul Cebu airport by 2018- Nikkei Asian Review . May 17, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140520063329/http://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Business-Briefs/PhilippineIndia-consortium-to-overhaul-Cebu-airport-by-2018 . May 20, 2014 . dead .
  10. News: Aquino breaks ground on P32B Cebu airport terminal project. CNN Philippines. June 29, 2015. en-US. August 3, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150803145108/http://cnnphilippines.com/regional/2015/06/29/president-aquino-breaks-ground-mactan-cebu-airport-terminal-2.html. dead.
  11. Web site: Construction of the Mactan-Cebu airport begins | GOVPH .
  12. News: Lopez. Virgil. Duterte inaugurates new 'resort-like' Mactan Cebu airport terminal. June 7, 2018. GMA News. June 7, 2018.
  13. News: Philippine Daily Inquirer. Duterte leads inauguration of new Mactan airport passenger terminal. Bunachita. Jose Santino. June 7, 2018. en.
  14. News: Tugade inaugurates new taxiway, CAAP Bldg at Mactan-Cebu Int'l Airport. Philippine Information Agency. DOTr. May 6, 2021. May 11, 2021.
  15. News: Cebu airport to be used as hub for relief efforts . Jon Carlos . Rodriguez . ABS-CBN News . November 12, 2013 . November 22, 2022.
  16. News: Alegado. Sieg. World's biggest plane to deliver 140-ton power generator to PHL. December 21, 2015. GMA News. GMA Network Inc.. November 12, 2013.
  17. News: Sollane. Jose. World's biggest airplane in Cebu. December 21, 2015. The Philippine Star. November 13, 2013.
  18. News: Duterte favors renaming Mactan airport in Cebu after Lapu-Lapu. Adel. Rosette. August 27, 2018. The Philippine Star. August 28, 2018. en.
  19. Web site: Mactan-Cebu Int'l Airport shut 'until further notice' amid damage from 'Odette'. December 17, 2021.
  20. News: Aboitiz buys into Mactan airport . Tyrone Jasper C. . Piad . Philippine Daily Inquirer . September 3, 2022 . September 27, 2022.
  21. News: 2nd runway project a 'go'. Rona Joyce T.. Fernandez. May 21, 2017. SunStar. December 6, 2017. December 27, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171227231314/http://www.sunstar.com.ph/cebu/local-news/2017/05/21/2nd-runway-project-go-543138. dead.
  22. News: Mactan-Cebu International Airport breaks ground for second runway . January 14, 2020 . ABS-CBN News . September 27, 2022.
  23. News: Govt studies P208-B proposal to build terminal 3 at Mactan-Cebu Intl Airport . June 17, 2019 . Business Mirror . Cai . Ordinario . July 12, 2024 . Public-Private Partnership Center.
  24. Web site: Mactan-Cebu International Airport . 11 May 2020 . Airport Technology . 7 September 2022.
  25. News: MCIA Terminal 1 renovation set: ‘Airport Village’ . Sunstar . December 16, 2018 . July 12, 2024.
  26. News: MCIA-Terminal 1 to be turned into "Airport Village" . March 17, 2019 . Minerva . Newman . Manila Bulletin . July 12, 2024.
  27. News: President Duterte unveils marker at Cebu’s newly renovated airport terminal . January 19, 2020 . Presidential Communications Office . July 12, 2024.
  28. News: Megawide to open Mactan-Cebu airport Terminal 2 in June. BusinessMirror. July 4, 2018. en-US.
  29. Web site: First roof structure in Asia to be completely made from glued laminated timber. January 11, 2023. en-US.
  30. Web site: Completed Buildings Transport winner . World Architecture Festival . December 7, 2019.
  31. News: Mactan Cebu International Airport wins World Architecture award . December 7, 2019 . ABS-CBN . ABS-CBN News. December 5, 2019.
  32. Web site: 2022-01-08 . Public Advisory: Transfer of Operations in T2 . 2024-04-08 . Mactan-Cebu International Airport . en.
  33. Web site: 2022-05-19 . Cebu Pacific Air and Cebgo Domestic Flights Return to Terminal 1 . 2024-04-08 . Mactan-Cebu International Airport . en.
  34. Web site: 2022-10-12 . PAL Cebu domestic departures and arrivals to transfer to Cebu Terminal 1 starting October 15 . 2024-04-08 . Philippine Airlines . en.
  35. Web site: Lorenciana. Carlo. 2020-07-29. Mactan-Cebu airport eyes 2nd runway as air travel recovery looms. Philippine News Agency.
  36. Web site: 2022-11-28 . Mactan airport's parallel runway maybe operational in 2023 . 2022-11-30 . INQUIRER.net . en.
  37. News: Mactan-Cebu International Airport's new corporate building inaugurated. October 27, 2021. Emmie V.. Abadilla. Manila Bulletin. October 30, 2021.
  38. Web site: GRAPHS – Mactan – Cebu International Airport Authority . August 18, 2022.
  39. Web site: STATISTICS – Mactan – Cebu International Airport Authority . August 18, 2022.
  40. News: Plane overshoots runway at Mactan Cebu International Airport . Annie . Perez . ABS-CBN News . October 24, 2022 . October 24, 2022 .

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