| Macheng | |
| Native Name: | Chinese: 麻城市 |
| Settlement Type: | County-level city |
| Nickname: | Azalea city |
| Pushpin Map: | Hubei |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Hubei |
| Coordinates: | 31.173°N 115.008°W |
| Coor Pinpoint: | Macheng government |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | People's Republic of China |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Hubei |
| Subdivision Type2: | Prefecture-level city |
| Subdivision Name2: | Huanggang |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 3600 |
| Population Total: | 849,092 |
| Population As Of: | 2010 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Area Urban Km2: | 251.27 |
| Area Urban Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Est: | 1199000 |
| Pop Est As Of: | 2017 |
| Population Urban: | 275800 |
| Timezone1: | China Standard |
| Utc Offset1: | +8 |
| Website: | (in Simplified Chinese) |
Macheng is a city in northeastern Hubei province, People's Republic of China, bordering the provinces of Henan to the north and Anhui to the northeast. It is a county-level city under the administration of Huanggang City and abuts the south side of the Dabie Mountains. The city's administrative area covers about 3747km2, and includes some 704 villages and small towns. Total population was 849,092 at the 2010 census.
Macheng has a long history, dating back to the Spring and Autumn period as part of the state of Chu, and was the site of the historic Battle of Boju fought between Chu and Wu in 506 BC. It was named Macheng in 598 AD.
In 1927, a major peasant revolt erupted in Macheng, creating a strong base for the ensuing Communist revolution in 1949. More than 100,000 people joined Mao's Red Army under local Generals, Wang Shusheng and Chen Zaidao. A guerilla base in Macheng was eliminated in the Campaign to Suppress Bandits in Dabieshan.
Macheng played a key role during the Great Leap Forward. In an effort to increase crop yields, the local communist cadres began demolishing walls of old buildings, abandoned huts and farm stables where animals had urinated to provide nutrients for the soil. In January 1958, Macheng County was exalted by the provincial party secretary, Wang Renzhong. for reaching a rice yield of six tonnes per hectare. The People's Daily applauded the efforts in an op-ed and labelled it as a 'model commune' which attracted more than half a million cadres in 1958, including Zhou Enlai, Chen Yi and Li Xiannian. Spurred on by the positive coverage, overzealous local officials destroyed more than 50,000 houses in an effort to make more manure which spurred other neighboring counties and provinces to follow. As many as 30–40% of all houses in China were destroyed following this incident during the Great Leap Forward.[2]
Macheng administers:[3] [4] [5] [6]
| Name | Chinese (S) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Districts | ||||||
| 1 | Longchiqiao Subdistrict Dragon Pond Bridge | Chinese: {{linktext|龙池桥|街道 | ||||
| 2 | Gulou Subdistrict Drum tower | Chinese: {{linktext|鼓楼|街道 | ||||
| 3 | Nanhu Subdistrict South Lake | Chinese: {{linktext|南湖|街道 | ||||
| Towns | ||||||
| 4 | Zhongguanyi Town | Chinese: {{linktext|中馆驿|镇 | ||||
| 5 | Songbu Town | Chinese: {{linktext|宋埠|镇 | ||||
| 6 | Qiting Town | Chinese: {{linktext|歧亭|镇 | ||||
| 7 | Baiguo Town | Chinese: {{linktext|白果|镇 | ||||
| 8 | Fuzihe Town | Chinese: {{linktext|夫子河|镇 | ||||
| 9 | Yanjiahe Town | Chinese: {{linktext|阎家河|镇 | ||||
| 10 | Guishan Town | Chinese: {{linktext|龟山|镇 | ||||
| 11 | Yantianhe Town | Chinese: {{linktext|盐田河|镇 | ||||
| 12 | Zhangjiafan Town | Chinese: {{linktext|张家畈|镇 | ||||
| 13 | Muzidian Town | Chinese: {{linktext|木子店|镇 | ||||
| 14 | Sanhekou Town | Chinese: {{linktext|三河口|镇 | ||||
| 15 | Huangtugang Town | Chinese: {{linktext|黄土岗|镇 | ||||
| 16 | Futianhe Town | Chinese: {{linktext|福田河|镇 | ||||
| 17 | C/Shengmagang Town | Chinese: {{linktext|乘马岗|镇 | ||||
| 18 | Shunhe Town (Shunheji) | Chinese: {{linktext|顺河|镇 (Chinese: 顺河集镇) | ||||
| Townships | ||||||
| 19 | Tiemengang Township | Chinese: {{linktext|铁门岗|乡 | ||||
| Other Areas | ||||||
| 20 | Chinese: [[:zh:麻城经济开发区|麻城经济开发区]] | |||||
The county-level city of Macheng has a total land area of 3,600 km2 (1,400 sq mi). It is located in the northeastern portions of Hubei. Most of the higher elevation portions of the Dabie Mountains is on the northern portions of the city. It is bordered by Henan to the northwest and Anhui to the northeast respectively. The region where Macheng is located is considered as a subtropical area and the Dabie mountainous terrain is mainly to the north and northeast.
Macheng has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfa) with very hot summers and relatively cold winters.
Two major rivers, Jushui and Bashui, flow through Macheng. Both of them originate in Dabie Mountains, and flow into the Yangtze.
There are two railway stations in Macheng. Macheng railway station is on the Beijing–Kowloon railway between Beijing and Hong Kong. Macheng North railway station is on the Hefei–Wuhan railway.