MRPS6 explained

28S ribosomal protein S6, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPS6 gene.^[1]

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein that belongs to the ribosomal protein S6P family. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 1p and 12q.^[2]

Further reading

• Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD, etal . The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21. . Nature . 405 . 6784 . 311–9 . 2000 . 10830953 . 10.1038/35012518 . 2000Natur.405..311H . free .
• Cavdar Koc E, Burkhart W, Blackburn K, etal . The small subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of the full complement of ribosomal proteins present. . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 22 . 19363–74 . 2001 . 11279123 . 10.1074/jbc.M100727200 . free . 10.1.1.501.8919 .
• Suzuki T, Terasaki M, Takemoto-Hori C, etal . Proteomic analysis of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of protein components in the 28 S small subunit. . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 35 . 33181–95 . 2001 . 11402041 . 10.1074/jbc.M103236200 . free .
• Kenmochi N, Suzuki T, Uechi T, etal . The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders. . Genomics . 77 . 1–2 . 65–70 . 2001 . 11543634 . 10.1006/geno.2001.6622 .
• Reymond A, Camargo AA, Deutsch S, etal . Nineteen additional unpredicted transcripts from human chromosome 21. . Genomics . 79 . 6 . 824–32 . 2002 . 12036297 . 10.1006/geno.2002.6781 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Zhang Z, Gerstein M . Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome. . Genomics . 81 . 5 . 468–80 . 2003 . 12706105 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1 .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: MRPS6 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S6.
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: MRPS6 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S6.