MRPS33 explained

28S ribosomal protein S33, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPS33 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. The 28S subunit of the mammalian mitoribosome may play a crucial and characteristic role in translation initiation. This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein that is one of the more highly conserved mitochondrial ribosomal proteins among mammals, Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans. Splice variants that differ in the 5' UTR have been found for this gene; all variants encode the same protein. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 1q, 4p, 4q, and 20q^[3]

Further reading

• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, etal . The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. . Nature . 424 . 6945 . 157–64 . 2003 . 12853948 . 10.1038/nature01782 . 2003Natur.424..157H . free .
• Zhang Z, Gerstein M . Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome. . Genomics . 81 . 5 . 468–80 . 2003 . 12706105 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1 .
• Scherer SW, Cheung J, MacDonald JR, etal . Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology. . Science . 300 . 5620 . 767–72 . 2003 . 12690205 . 2882961 . 10.1126/science.1083423 . 2003Sci...300..767S .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Toward a complete human genome sequence. . Genome Res. . 8 . 11 . 1097–108 . 1999 . 9847074 . 10.1101/gr.8.11.1097. Sanger Centre . The . Washington University Genome Sequencing Cente . The . free .

Notes and References

1. Cavdar Koc E, Burkhart W, Blackburn K, Moseley A, Spremulli LL . The small subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of the full complement of ribosomal proteins present . J Biol Chem . 276 . 22 . 19363–74 . May 2001 . 11279123 . 10.1074/jbc.M100727200 . free .
2. Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY, Liu CS, Lin W . Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics . Genome Res . 10 . 5 . 703–13 . Aug 2000 . 10810093 . 310876 . 10.1101/gr.10.5.703 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: MRPS33 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S33.