Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L33 explained

39S ribosomal protein L33, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPL33 gene.^[1]

Function

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.

Further reading

• Zhang Z, Gerstein M . Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome . Genomics . 81 . 5 . 468–80 . May 2003 . 12706105 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1 .
• Kenmochi N, Suzuki T, Uechi T, Magoori M, Kuniba M, Higa S, Watanabe K, Tanaka T . The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders . Genomics . 77 . 1–2 . 65–70 . September 2001 . 11543634 . 10.1006/geno.2001.6622 .
• Suzuki T, Terasaki M, Takemoto-Hori C, Hanada T, Ueda T, Wada A, Watanabe K . Structural compensation for the deficit of rRNA with proteins in the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Systematic analysis of protein components of the large ribosomal subunit from mammalian mitochondria . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 276 . 24 . 21724–36 . June 2001 . 11279069 . 10.1074/jbc.M100432200 . free .
• Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, Ren SX, Zhao M, Zhao CJ, Fu G, Shen Y, Fan HY, Lu G, Zhong M, Xu XR, Han ZG, Zhang JW, Tao J, Huang QH, Zhou J, Hu GX, Gu J, Chen SJ, Chen Z . Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells . Genome Research . 10 . 10 . 1546–60 . October 2000 . 11042152 . 310934 . 10.1101/gr.140200 .
• Mao M, Fu G, Wu JS, Zhang QH, Zhou J, Kan LX, Huang QH, He KL, Gu BW, Han ZG, Shen Y, Gu J, Yu YP, Xu SH, Wang YX, Chen SJ, Chen Z . Identification of genes expressed in human CD34(+) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells by expressed sequence tags and efficient full-length cDNA cloning . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 95 . 14 . 8175–80 . July 1998 . 9653160 . 20949 . 10.1073/pnas.95.14.8175 . 1998PNAS...95.8175M . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: MRPL33 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L33.