Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L11 explained

39S ribosomal protein L11, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPL11 gene.^[1]

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein. Sequence analysis identified three transcript variants that encode different isoforms. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 5q and 12q.^[2]

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, etal . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY, etal . Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics . Genome Res. . 10 . 5 . 703–13 . 2000 . 10810093 . 10.1101/gr.10.5.703 . 310876 .
• Suzuki T, Terasaki M, Takemoto-Hori C, etal . Structural compensation for the deficit of rRNA with proteins in the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Systematic analysis of protein components of the large ribosomal subunit from mammalian mitochondria . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 24 . 21724–36 . 2001 . 11279069 . 10.1074/jbc.M100432200 . free .
• Kenmochi N, Suzuki T, Uechi T, etal . The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders . Genomics . 77 . 1–2 . 65–70 . 2001 . 11543634 . 10.1006/geno.2001.6622 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Zhang Z, Gerstein M . Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome . Genomics . 81 . 5 . 468–80 . 2003 . 12706105 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1 .
• Voronina EN, Kolokol'tsova TD, Nechaeva EA, Filipenko ML . [Structural and functional analysis of the human ribosomal protein L11 gene] . Mol. Biol. (Mosk.) . 37 . 3 . 425–35 . 2003 . 12815950 .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Sun XX, Dai MS, Lu H . 5-fluorouracil activation of p53 involves an MDM2-ribosomal protein interaction . J. Biol. Chem. . 282 . 11 . 8052–9 . 2007 . 17242401 . 10.1074/jbc.M610621200 . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: MRPL11 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L11.
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: MRPL11 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L11.