Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L10 explained

39S ribosomal protein L10, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPL10 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein. Sequence analysis identified two transcript variants that encode different isoforms. A pseudogene corresponding to this gene is found on chromosome 5q.^[3]

Further reading

• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Wang CC, Kadota M, Nishigaki R, etal . Molecular hierarchy in neurons differentiated from mouse ES cells containing a single human chromosome 21. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 314 . 2 . 335–50 . 2004 . 14733910 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.091 .
• Zhang Z, Gerstein M . Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome. . Genomics . 81 . 5 . 468–80 . 2003 . 12706105 . 10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Kenmochi N, Suzuki T, Uechi T, etal . The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders. . Genomics . 77 . 1–2 . 65–70 . 2001 . 11543634 . 10.1006/geno.2001.6622 .
• Goldschmidt-Reisin S, Kitakawa M, Herfurth E, etal . Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins. N-terminal amino acid sequencing, characterization, and identification of corresponding gene sequences. . J. Biol. Chem. . 273 . 52 . 34828–36 . 1999 . 9857009 . 10.1074/jbc.273.52.34828 . free .
• Piatyszek MA, Denslow ND, O'Brien TW . RNA binding proteins of the large subunit of bovine mitochondrial ribosomes. . Nucleic Acids Res. . 16 . 6 . 2565–83 . 1988 . 3129699 . 10.1093/nar/16.6.2565 . 336390 .

Notes and References

1. Koc EC, Burkhart W, Blackburn K, Moyer MB, Schlatzer DM, Moseley A, Spremulli LL . The large subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Analysis of the complement of ribosomal proteins present . J Biol Chem . 276 . 47 . 43958–69 . Nov 2001 . 11551941 . 10.1074/jbc.M106510200 . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: MRPL10 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L10.
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: MRPL10 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L10.