2023 Explained
The year 2023 saw the decline in severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, with the WHO (World Health Organization) ending its global health emergency status in May. Catastrophic natural disasters included the fifth-deadliest earthquake of the 21st century striking Turkey and Syria, leaving up to 62,000 people dead, Cyclone Freddy – the longest-lasting recorded tropical cyclone in history in the Indian Ocean – leading to over 1,400 deaths in Malawi and Mozambique, Storm Daniel, which became the deadliest cyclone worldwide since Cyclone Nargis after killing at least 11,000 people in Libya, a major 6.8 magnitude earthquake striking western Morocco, killing 2,960 people, and a 6.3 magnitude quadruple earthquake striking western Afghanistan, killing over 1,400 people.
The Russian invasion of Ukraine and Myanmar civil war continued in 2023, and a series of coups, several armed conflicts, and political crises broke out in numerous African nations, most notably a war in Sudan. A major escalation of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict occurred in October when Hamas, which governs the Gaza Strip, led an attack on Israel, leading the latter to declare war on Hamas. The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict ended after over 100,000 Armenians fled the region after an Azeri military invasion.
A banking crisis resulted in the collapse of numerous American regional banks as well as the buyout of Credit Suisse by UBS in Switzerland. The two largest American banks to collapse were Silicon Valley Bank and First Republic Bank, two of the three largest banking collapses in US history. The most notable of numerous acquisitions in various industries included October's energy acquisitions with ExxonMobil and Chevron buying Pioneer Natural Resources and Hess respectively, the luxury fashion holding company Tapestry (Coach New York and Kate Spade New York) announcing its purchase of Capri Holdings (Michael Kors and Versace), and the closure of Microsoft's acquisition of Activision Blizzard.
In the realm of technology, 2023 saw the continued rise of generative AI models, with increasing applications across various industries. These models, leveraging advancements in machine learning and natural language processing, had become capable of creating realistic and coherent text, images, and music. An AI arms race between private companies has continued since the late 2010s, with Microsoft-backed OpenAI and Google owner Alphabet today most dominant among firms.[1]
Events
January
- January 1 – Croatia adopts the euro and joins the Schengen Area, becoming the 20th member state of the Eurozone and the 27th member of the Schengen Area. This is the first enlargement of the Eurozone since Lithuania's entry in 2015, and the first enlargement of the Schengen Area since Liechtenstein's entry in 2011.[2] [3]
- January 5 – The funeral of Pope Benedict XVI is held at St. Peter's Square in the Vatican City.[4] The funeral was attended by an estimated 50,000 people.[5]
- January 9 – Juliaca massacre: At least 18 people are killed and over 100 others are injured when the Peruvian National Police fire upon demonstrations in Juliaca.[11]
- January 10–17 – A cold snap in Afghanistan kills 166 people and nearly 80,000 livestock.[12]
- January 15 – Yeti Airlines Flight 691 crashes during final approach into Pokhara, Nepal, killing all 72 people on board.[13]
- January 16 – Tigray War: Amharan Special Forces withdraw from the Tigray Region in line with an African Union-backed peace agreement between the Ethiopian government and the Tigray People's Liberation Front.[14]
- January 17 – Nguyễn Xuân Phúc resigns as President of Vietnam amid several recent scandals in the government.[15]
- January 18 – A helicopter crash in Brovary near Kyiv, Ukraine kills 14 people including Ukrainian Minister of Internal Affairs Denys Monastyrsky.[16] [17] [18]
- January 20 – The Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago elects former senate president, minister and lawyer Christine Kangaloo as president in a 48–22 vote.[19]
- January 21
- January 25 – Chris Hipkins succeeds Jacinda Ardern as Prime Minister of New Zealand,[22] six days after she announced her resignation.[23]
- January 27 – Widespread unrest erupts in Israel following an Israeli military raid in Jenin the previous day which killed nine Palestinians. Incendiary air balloons are launched into Israeli-populated areas following it. Israel responds with targeted airstrikes. Later the same day, seven Jewish civilians are killed in a synagogue in Neve Yaakov in a terrorist attack.[24] [25]
- January 27–28 – The second round of the 2023 Czech presidential election is held, with Petr Pavel declared winner.[26]
February
- February 1 – Lebanese liquidity crisis: The central bank of Lebanon devalues the Lebanese pound by 90% amid an ongoing financial crisis.[31]
- February 3
- February 4 - Cyclone Freddy forms in the Indian Ocean. It would become the longest lasting tropical cyclone in history and cause over 1,400 deaths and countless injuries and property damage across southeastern Africa.[40]
- February 5 - The 2023 Cypriot presidential election is held, with Nikos Christodoulides elected president.[41] [42]
- February 6 – A 7.8 earthquake strikes southern and central Turkey and northern and western Syria followed by a 7.7 aftershock on the same day, causing widespread damage and at more than 59,000 fatalities and 121,000 injured.[43] [44] [45]
- February 13 – The 2023 Bangladeshi presidential election scheduled for 19 February is held, with Shahabuddin Chuppu of the Awami League, the only nominated candidate, elected unopposed.[46] [47] [48] [49] [50]
- February 14 – The European Parliament approves a ban on the sale of new petrol and diesel vehicles in the European Union from 2035, citing the need to combat climate change in Europe and promote electric vehicles.[51]
- February 16 – Lawmakers in the Russian State Duma vote to withdraw Russia from 21 conventions of the Council of Europe.[52]
- February 17 – The South African Navy hosts a ten-day joint military exercise in the Indian Ocean with Russia and China.[53]
- February 19 – Libyan Crisis: The African Union announces the organization of a peace conference to address the instability in Libya.[54]
- February 21 – Vladimir Putin announces that Russia is suspending its participation in New START, a nuclear arms reduction treaty with the US.[55]
- February 23 – Oman opens its airspace to Israeli airlines for the first time, in an upgrade of bilateral relations.[56]
- February 25 – 2023 Nigerian general election: Bola Tinubu is elected as Nigeria's president, defeating former vice president Atiku Abubakar and Peter Obi.[57] [58]
- February 27 – The United Kingdom and the European Union reach an agreement surrounding modifications to the Northern Ireland Protocol.[59]
- February 28 – A train crash in Thessaly, Greece, kills 57 people and injures dozens. The crash leads to nationwide protests and strikes against the condition of Greek railways and their mismanagement.[60] [61]
March
- March 2 – The National Assembly of Vietnam declares Võ Văn Thưởng as the country's new president after receiving 98.38% votes from the Vietnamese parliament.[62]
- March 5 – The 2023 Estonian parliamentary election is held, with two centre-right liberal parties gaining an absolute majority for the first time.[66]
- March 8–21 – The 2023 World Baseball Classic is held in, and won by, Japan.[67]
- March 8 – Allied Democratic Forces jihadist insurgents use machetes to kill about 35 people in the village of Mukondi, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.[68]
- March 10
- March 14 – OpenAI launches GPT-4, a large language model for ChatGPT, which can respond to images and can process up to 25,000 words.[74]
- March 17 – The International Criminal Court issues an arrest warrant for Russian president Vladimir Putin and Maria Lvova-Belova, Russian Commissioner for Children's Rights, marking the first arrest warrant against a leader of a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council.[75] [76]
- March 19 – In a deal brokered by the Swiss government, investment bank UBS agrees to buy Credit Suisse for 3 billion in an all-stock deal.[77] [78] [79]
- March 20 – The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) releases the synthesis report of its Sixth Assessment Report on climate change.[80]
- March 23 – World Athletics, the global governing body for athletics, bans trans women who have gone through male puberty from competing in female events.[81]
- March 24–27 – A tornado outbreak kills at least 26 people in Mississippi and Alabama. This includes a violent tornado which devastated the city of Rolling Fork and the town of Silver City in Mississippi, killing 16 people and injuring 165 others.[82] [83]
- March 30 – The International Court of Justice rules that the United States violated its Treaty of Amity with Iran when it allowed its domestic courts to freeze assets held by Iranian companies.[90]
- March 31 – April 1 – A historic and widespread tornado outbreak occurs in the United States, killing 33 people, injuring more than 218 others, and caused over $5.4 billion in damage. This tornado outbreak produced 147 tornadoes, making it the third largest tornado outbreak in history.[91]
April
May
June
- June 2 – A train collision in Odisha, India results in at least 296 deaths and more than 1,200 others injured.[138]
- June 11 – Honduras opens its first embassy in Beijing, China, after breaking off relations with Taiwan in March.[146]
- June 12 – Eritrea rejoins the Intergovernmental Authority on Development trade bloc after suspending its membership in 2007.[147]
- June 13 – At least 106 people are killed when a wedding boat capsizes on the Niger River in Kwara State, Nigeria.[148]
- June 14
- June 18 – Titan submersible implosion: All five crew members of Titan, a deep-sea submersible exploring the wreck of the Titanic, are killed following a catastrophic implosion of the vessel.[151]
- June 20 – At least 46 people are killed after a riot between MS-13 and Barrio 18 gang members at a women's prison near Tegucigalpa, Honduras.[154]
- June 23 – Russian invasion of Ukraine: The Wagner Group, led by Yevgeny Prigozhin, begins an armed conflict with the Russian military, seizing the city of Rostov-on-Don and portions of the Voronezh Oblast before withdrawing the next day, after a peace agreement brokered by Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko.[155]
- June 25 – The June 2023 Greek legislative election is held; Kyriakos Mitsotakis becomes prime minister after his centre-right party, New Democracy, wins a majority of seats in the Greek parliament.[156]
- June 28 – The 2023 Sierra Leonean general election is held; Julius Maada Bio of the Sierra Leone People's Party is re-elected president.[157]
- June 30 – The United Nations Security Council votes unanimously to end MINUSMA, its peacekeeping mission in Mali.[158]
July
-
- July 4 – Iran joins the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, becoming the organization's ninth member.[162]
- July 8 – In the Netherlands, the governing coalition collapses and Prime Minister Mark Rutte announces his upcoming resignation.[163]
- July 9
- July 13 – Pita Limjaroenrat fails to become Prime Minister of Thailand in a National Assembly vote after forming a coalition with pro-democracy parties following the 2023 Thai general election.[168]
- July 14 – SAG-AFTRA announces it will begin a strike against the major film and TV studios in protest of low compensation, ownership of work, and generative AI.[169]
- July 19 – Typhoon Doksuri forms in the eastern Pacific Ocean, going on to kill 137 people in Southeast Asia.[170]
- July 20–August 20 – The 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup is held in Australia and New Zealand. In the final, Spain wins 1–0 against England.[171]
- July 20 – Bolivia and Iran sign a memorandum of understanding, in an upgrade of bilateral relations, expanding cooperation in the security and defense sectors.[172]
- July 21 – The films Barbie and Oppenheimer open, while being paired as a major internet and cultural event, Barbenheimer.[173] [174]
Tens of thousands of tourists flee Rhodes, Greece, amid wildfires and a major heatwave, in what officials say is the largest evacuation in the country's history.[175] [176]
August
- August 1 – Global warming: The world's oceans reach a new record high temperature of 20.96C, exceeding the previous record in 2016. July is also the hottest month on record for globally averaged surface air temperatures by a considerable margin (0.3C).[184] [185] [186]
- August 8 – 2023 Hawaii wildfires: 17,000 acres of land are burned and at least 101 people are killed, with two others missing, when a series of wildfires break out on the island of Maui in Hawaii.[187]
- August 10 – Tapestry, the holding company of Coach New York and Kate Spade, announces it will acquire Michael Kors' Capri Holdings, which also owns Versace and Jimmy Choo.[188]
- August 16–21 – Hurricane Hilary, a Category 4 Pacific Hurricane, strikes the Baja California peninsula and later causes record flooding in Southern California.[189]
- August 18 – American–Japanese–Korean trilateral pact: The United States, Japan, and South Korea agree to sign a trilateral pact.[190]
- August 20 – 2023 Guatemalan presidential election: After two rounds of voting, Bernardo Arévalo of Semilla is elected with 58% of the vote.[191] [192]
- August 21
68% of the Northwest Territories are forced to evacuate to other parts of the country due to wildfires.[193]
September
- September 1 – 2023 Singaporean presidential election: Economist and former deputy prime minister Tharman Shanmugaratnam is elected president with a vote share of over 70%.[203]
- September 2 – The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launches Aditya-L1, India's first solar observation mission.[204]
- September 8 – October 28 – The 2023 Rugby World Cup is held in France. South Africa beat New Zealand 12–11 in the final at the Stade de France, claiming their 4th Rugby World Cup title.[205]
- September 8 – 2023 Marrakesh–Safi earthquake: A 6.9 magnitude earthquake strikes Marrakesh–Safi province in western Morocco, killing at least 2,960 people and damaging historic buildings.[206]
- September 9 – At the 18th G20 summit in New Delhi, the African Union is announced as the 21st permanent member of the G20.[207]
- September 10 – Storm Daniel, a Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone, kills at least 5,000 people, with a further 10,000 to 100,000 reported missing. In the city of Derna in Libya, two dams collapse, resulting in a quarter of the city being destroyed.[208]
- September 14 – The European Central Bank (ECB) raises eurozone interest rates to an all-time high of 4%, amid ongoing inflationary pressures across the continent.[209]
- September 19 – Nagorno-Karabakh conflict: Azerbaijan launches a military offensive against the Armenia-backed Republic of Artsakh, which ends with a swift Azerbaijani victory.[210] Protests erupt in Armenia, Artsakh announces the dissolution of government institutions, and over 100,000 ethnic Armenians flee Nagorno-Karabakh.[211] [212]
- September 20 – Archaeologists in Zambia find the world's oldest wooden structure, dating back 476,000 years, consisting of two interlocking wooden logs connected by a notch securing one perpendicular to the other.[213]
- September 21 – Rupert Murdoch announces his retirement and passes his businesses on to his son Lachlan. Murdoch led News Corp and Fox, and formerly Sky Group.[214] [215]
- September 24 – 2023 Nigerien crisis: French President Emmanuel Macron announces that France will end its military presence in Niger and will recall its ambassador from the country.[216]
- September 25 – An estimated 170 people are killed and over 300 are injured during a explosion at a gas station in Stepanakert, Nagorno-Karabakh.[217]
- September 30 – 2023 Slovak parliamentary election: Smer, under the leadership of former prime minister Robert Fico, wins a plurality of seats in the National Council.[218] [219]
October
Hamas launches an incursion into southern Israel from the Gaza Strip, killing more than 1,100 Israelis and taking about 240 hostages,[225] prompting a military response from the Israel Defense Forces.[226] Israel launches numerous air strikes on Lebanon after rockets are fired by Hezbollah and further attempts are made to penetrate Israel.[227]
-
- October 8 – Israel's Security Cabinet formally declares war for the first time since the Yom Kippur War in 1973.[229]
- October 11 – ExxonMobil announces it will acquire Pioneer Natural Resources for $65 billion USD, the first of two major energy industry acquisitions of the month. The second occurs less than two weeks later on 23 October, where Hess announces it will be acquired by Chevron for $50 billion.[230] [231]
- October 13 – After British regulators' approval, Microsoft closes its $68.7 billion USD acquisition of Activision Blizzard.[232]
- October 17 – An explosion occurs at the Al-Ahli Arab Hospital, where displaced Palestinians are taking refuge. Many fatalities are reported, but estimates vary significantly, from 100 to as many as 471, depending on the source.[240]
- October 22 – 2023 Swiss federal election: The Swiss People's Party retains its majority in the National Council.[241]
- October 25 – Hurricane Otis, an eastern Pacific tropical cyclone, makes landfall in Mexico near Acapulco, leaving at least 80 dead. It is the most powerful Eastern Pacific hurricane to make landfall in Mexico, with the highest winds reaching 165 mph, surpassing Hurricane Patricia's landfall in 2015.[242]
- October 31 – Israel intercepted a Yemeni Houthi ballistic missile with its Arrow 2 missile defense system. The interception occurred above Earth's atmosphere above the Negev Desert, making it the first instance of space combat in history.[243] [244]
November
- November 1 – The first AI Safety Summit takes place in the United Kingdom, with 28 countries signing a "world first agreement" on how to manage the riskiest forms of artificial intelligence.[245] [246]
- November 2 – The Beatles release "Now and Then", the band's last ever song, featuring restored vocals by John Lennon (1940–1980), as well as guitar tracks by George Harrison (1943–2001).[247]
- November 6 – Israel–Hamas war: The death toll in Gaza is reported to have passed 10,000. United Nations Secretary General António Guterres calls for a humanitarian ceasefire to increase the flow of aid to civilians.[248]
- November 7 – The Portuguese Prime Minister António Costa announces his pending resignation.[249] [250] The President of Portugal decides to dissolve the parliament and call for early elections to be held on 10 March 2024.[251]
- November 9 – U.S. surgeons at NYU Langone Health announce the world's first whole eye transplant.[252]
- November 10 – In the Falepili Union treaty, Australia grants "special" freedom of movement and defence rights to Tuvaluans for residence and employment for climate reasons.[253]
- November 14–17 – President Biden hosts the APEC summit in San Francisco, which Chinese president Xi Jinping attends.[254] Both countries, at the conclusion of the summit, agree to re-open suspended channels of military communications and to cooperate in their fight against climate change.[255] [256]
- November 17 – The global average temperature temporarily exceeds 2 °C above the pre-industrial average for the first time in recorded history.[257]
- November 19 – 2023 Argentine presidential election: Following the first round on 22 October 2023, Javier Milei wins in the second round of the election, assuming office on 10 December with Victoria Villarruel as his vice president.[258]
- November 20 – A Boeing P-8A Poseidon operated by the United States Navy overshot the runway at Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay, Kaneohe, Hawaii. No one died.[259]
- November 22
- November 24 – Somalia is admitted as the eighth member of the East African Community, having applied for membership in 2012.[262]
- November 30 – Brazil announces it will join OPEC+ at a meeting of the organization to discuss oil output strategy in 2024.[263] Brazil is the largest oil producer in South America, producing 4.6 million barrels per day of oil and gas.[264]
December
- December 3 – 2023 Guyana–Venezuela crisis: Venezuela votes in a symbolic referendum on whether voters agreed with creating a subdivision in the disputed territory of Guayana Esequiba currently under the control of neighboring Guyana. Analysts say the referendum's practical implications are likely to be minimal.[265]
- December 6 – Google DeepMind releases the Gemini Language Model. Gemini will act as a foundational model integrated into Google's existing tools, including Search and Bard.[266]
- December 10–12 – 2023 Egyptian presidential election: Incumbent President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi wins a third term with 89.6 percent of the vote in the election.[267] [268]
- December 12 – At the COP28 climate summit in Dubai, a consensus is reached for countries to "transition away" from fossil fuels, the first such agreement in the conference's 30-year history. The transition is specifically for energy systems, excluding plastics, transport or agriculture.[269] [270]
- December 16 – Emir of Kuwait Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah dies at the age of 86 and is succeeded by his half-brother Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah.[271]
- December 17 – The 2023 Serbian parliamentary election is held, with the SNS coalition, led by Miloš Vučević, winning 128 of 250 seats in the Serbian National Assembly.[272]
- December 18 – A number of shipping companies announce a temporary suspension of their operations in the Red Sea due to continued attacks on vessels by Houthi rebels.[273]
- December 20 – 2023 Democratic Republic of the Congo general election: Incumbent President Félix Tshisekedi wins re-election, defeating two major challengers.[274]
- December 22 – Israel–Hamas war: The death toll in Gaza is reported to have passed 20,000, almost 1 percent of its population and surpassing the casualties in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.[277]
- December 29 – Russian invasion of Ukraine: Russia launches the largest wave of drones and missiles on Ukrainian cities since the start of the war in a overnight assault, killing at least 39 people and injuring at least 160 others.[278] [279] Ukraine launches a drone assault the following day, killing at least 21 people, including three children, and injuring 110 others, including 17 children.[280] [281] [282]
- December 31 – Queen Margrethe II of Denmark announces her abdication effective January 14, 2024, after 52 years on the throne.[283]
Demographics
The world population on January 1, 2023 was estimated at 7.943 billion people,[284] and was expected to increase to 8.119 billion on January 1, 2024.[285] An estimated 134.3 million births and 60.8 million deaths were expected to take place in 2023.[286] [287] The average global life expectancy was 73.16 years,[288] an increase of 0.18 years from 2022.[289]
Best-selling media
Nobel Prizes
- Chemistry – Moungi Bawendi, Louis E. Brus & Alexey Ekimov, for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots.[295]
- Economics – Claudia Goldin, for her empirical research into female income and employment.[296]
- Literature – Jon Fosse, for his innovative plays, prose and style, which has come to be known as Fosse minimalism.[297]
- Peace – Narges Mohammadi, for her works on the promotion of feminism.[298]
- Physics – Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz & Anne L'Huillier, for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter.[299]
- Physiology or Medicine – Katalin Karikó & Drew Weissman, for their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19.[300]
Notes and References
- 2023-02-16 . The AI Arms Race Is On. Start Worrying . 2023-05-11 . Time . en . February 19, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230219175338/https://time.com/6255952/ai-impact-chatgpt-microsoft-google/ . live .
- Web site: July 12, 2022 . Croatia set to join the euro area on 1 January 2023: Council adopts final required legal acts . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220725212627/https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/07/12/croatia-set-to-join-the-euro-area-on-1-january-2023-council-adopts-final-required-legal-acts/ . July 25, 2022 . July 16, 2022 . European Council/Council of the European Union.
- Web site: Buckley . Julia . January 2, 2023 . This popular European country just got a new currency . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230103001950/https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/croatia-joins-euro-zone-schengen/index.html . January 3, 2023 . 2023-01-03 . CNN.
- Web site: 2022-12-31 . Pope Francis to lead funeral for Benedict XVI, a first in modern history . 2022-12-31 . France 24 . December 31, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221231164708/https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20221231-pope-francis-to-lead-funeral-for-benedict-xvi-a-first-in-modern-history . live .
- News: Giuffrida . Angela . 5 January 2023 . Pope Benedict XVI laid to rest as 50,000 pay respects in St Peter's Square . The Guardian . live . 5 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230105031306/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jan/05/pope-benedict-xvi-funeral-expected-to-draw-big-crowds-to-st-peters-square-vatican . 5 January 2023.
- Web site: 2023-01-13 . Benin's ruling coalition won election, constitutional court says . 2023-07-29 . France 24 . en . January 29, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230129191049/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230113-benin-s-ruling-coalition-won-election-constitutional-court-says . live .
- Web site: Análise das Eleições 2022: Veja Detalhes dos Resultados da Votação . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221030225737/https://noticias.uol.com.br/eleicoes/2022/analise/presidente-1-turno/ . 30 October 2022 . 31 October 2022 . noticias.uol.com.br . pt.
- Web site: Resultados – TSE . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20221102121453/https://resultados.tse.jus.br/oficial/app/index.html#/eleicao/resultados . 2 November 2022 . 31 October 2022 . resultados.tse.jus.br.
- Web site: Gortázar . Naiara Galarraga . 8 January 2023 . Bolsonaro supporters storm Brazil's Congress . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230108231244/https://english.elpais.com/international/2023-01-08/bolsonaro-supporters-storm-brazils-congress.html . 8 January 2023 . 9 January 2023 . EL PAÍS English Edition.
- Web site: 10 January 2023 . Federal forces to intervene in Brasília after pro-coup riot . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230111134007/https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/en/politica/noticia/2023-01/senate-confirms-federal-intervention-public-safety-df . January 11, 2023 . 11 January 2023 . Agência Brasil.
- News: Courotto . Hugo . Aquino . Marco . 2023-01-10 . At least 17 dead in deadliest day of anti-government protests in Peru . en . Reuters . 2023-01-12.
- Web site: Afghanistan cold snap kills over 160, Taliban officials say – DW – 01/28/2023 . 2023-01-30 . dw.com . February 8, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230208172714/https://www.dw.com/en/afghanistan-cold-snap-kills-over-160-taliban-officials-say/a-64546879 . live .
- News: 2023-01-15 . Nepal crash: Dozens killed as plane crashes near Pokhara airport . . 2023-01-20 . 20 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230120130951/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-64280480 . live .
- Web site: Amhara forces withdraw from northern Ethiopia's Tigray region . 2023-07-29 . Al Jazeera . en . October 25, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231025172622/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/1/13/amhara-forces-leave-northern-ethiopias-tigray-region . live .
- News: Vietnam legislature approves president's resignation amid graft crackdown . Reuters . January 18, 2023 . January 25, 2023 . January 25, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230125152143/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/vietnam-legislature-approves-presidents-resignation-amid-graft-crackdown-2023-01-18/ . live .
- News: Waterhouse . James . Kirby . Paul . 2023-01-18 . Ukraine's interior ministry leadership killed in helicopter crash . en . . live . 2023-01-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230125020952/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64315594 . 2023-01-25.
- Web site: Koshiv . Isobel . Beaumont . Peter . 18 January 2023 . Ukraine's interior minister killed in helicopter crash . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230119145105/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jan/18/ukraine-interior-minister-killed-in-helicopter-crash-brovary-kyiv . 19 January 2023 . 20 January 2023 . The Guardian.
- Web site: Fornusek . Martin . 3 August 2023 . Emergency service employees charged over helicopter crash that killed interior minister . 3 August 2023 . . August 4, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230804185125/https://kyivindependent.com/state-emergency-workers-charged-over-death-of-interior-minister/ . live .
- Web site: Alexander . Gail . Kangaloo is President-elect . 2023-01-21 . Guardian.co.tt . January 21, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230121064341/https://www.guardian.co.tt/news/kangaloo-is-presidentelect-6.2.1614391.6ddaed2070 . live .
- News: 2023-01-22 . Burkina Faso military government demands departure of French troops . en . Reuters . 2023-07-29 . June 19, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230619132147/http://www.reuters.com/world/africa/burkina-military-govt-demands-departure-french-troops-national-television-2023-01-21/ . live .
- News: Endeshaw . Dawit . 2023-01-22 . Eritrean troops seen leaving Ethiopian town of Shire . en . Reuters . 2023-07-29 . May 19, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230519153218/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/eritrean-troops-seen-leaving-ethiopian-town-shire-2023-01-21/ . live .
- News: McClure . Tess . 22 January 2023 . New Zealand: Chris Hipkins taking over from Jacinda Ardern on Wednesday . . live . 22 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230122020907/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jan/22/new-zealand-labour-caucus-votes-in-chris-hipkins-to-succeed-jacinda-ardern . 22 January 2023.
- Web site: 2023-01-19 . Jacinda Ardern resigns: Reactions from around the world . 2023-01-25 . RNZ . January 25, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230125005754/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/482729/jacinda-ardern-resigns-reactions-from-around-the-world . live .
- News: Israel strikes in Gaza after fire balloons launched . BBC News . June 15, 2021 . January 27, 2023 . January 27, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230127201132/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-57492745 . live .
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- https://rtcg.me/predsjednickiizbori/413500/jakov-milatovic-ubjedljivo-pobijedio-dobio-601-odsto-glasova-djukanovic-399-.html Jakov Milatović ubjedljivo pobijedio: Dobio 60,1 odsto glasova, Đukanović 39,9 %
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- https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/kuwait-announces-sheikh-meshal-al-ahmad-al-jaber-al-sabah-as-countrys-new-emir/3084476 Kuwait announces Sheikh Meshal Al Ahmad Al Jaber Al Sabah as country's new emir
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- Web site: 2023-12-22 . European Super League: EU's top court rules FIFA and UEFA acted unlawfully in blocking breakaway competition . 2023-12-22 . . en.
- Web site: 2023-12-21 . Gunman opens fire in a Prague university, killing 14 people in Czech Republic's worst mass shooting . 2023-12-22 . AP News . en.
- News: 2023-12-22 . More than 20,000 dead in Gaza, a historic human toll . en-GB . 2023-12-22 . The Washington Post.
- Web site: Russia launches the biggest aerial barrage of the war and kills 30 civilians, Ukraine says. AP News. December 29, 2023.
- Web site: Ukraine's Interior Ministry reports 30 dead and over 160 wounded in Russian morning attack. December 29, 2023. Ukrainian Pravda.
- Web site: 2023-12-30 . Russia Accuses Ukraine of 'Terrorist' Attack on Belgorod, Vows Revenge . 2023-12-31 . . en.
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- Web site: 2023-12-30 . Russia accuses Kyiv of 'terrorist' attack on Belgorod civilians . 2023-12-31 . . en.
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- The rate of child mortality was by the end of the year, expected to have decreased from 2022. Less than 23% of people were living in extreme poverty (on or below the international poverty line), a decrease from 2022. In April, India surpassed China as the most populated country in the world.[289]
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