MMP26 explained

Matrix metalloproteinase-26 also known as matrilysin-2 and endometase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MMP26 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis. Most MMP's are secreted as inactive proproteins which are activated when cleaved by extracellular proteinases. The encoded protein degrades type IV collagen, fibronectin, fibrinogen, casein, vitronectin, alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT), alpha 2-macroglobulin (A2M), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP), and activates MMP9 by cleavage. The protein differs from most MMP family members in that it lacks a conserved C-terminal protein domain.

Further reading

• Nagase H, Woessner JF . Matrix metalloproteinases . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 31 . 21491–4 . 1999 . 10419448 . 10.1074/jbc.274.31.21491 . free .
• Uría JA, López-Otín C . Matrilysin-2, a new matrix metalloproteinase expressed in human tumors and showing the minimal domain organization required for secretion, latency, and activity . Cancer Res. . 60 . 17 . 4745–51 . 2000 . 10987280 .
• Marchenko GN, Ratnikov BI, Rozanov DV, etal . Characterization of matrix metalloproteinase-26, a novel metalloproteinase widely expressed in cancer cells of epithelial origin . Biochem. J. . 356 . Pt 3 . 705–18 . 2001 . 11389678 . 10.1042/0264-6021:3560705 . 1221897 .
• Gearing AJ, Thorpe SJ, Miller K, etal . Selective cleavage of human IgG by the matrix metalloproteinases, matrilysin and stromelysin . Immunol. Lett. . 81 . 1 . 41–8 . 2002 . 11841844 . 10.1016/S0165-2478(01)00333-9 .
• Marchenko ND, Marchenko GN, Strongin AY . Unconventional activation mechanisms of MMP-26, a human matrix metalloproteinase with a unique PHCGXXD cysteine-switch motif . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 21 . 18967–72 . 2002 . 11889136 . 10.1074/jbc.M201197200 . free.
• Marchenko GN, Marchenko ND, Leng J, Strongin AY . Promoter characterization of the novel human matrix metalloproteinase-26 gene: regulation by the T-cell factor-4 implies specific expression of the gene in cancer cells of epithelial origin . Biochem. J. . 363 . Pt 2 . 253–62 . 2002 . 11931652 . 10.1042/0264-6021:3630253 . 1222473 .
• Park HI, Turk BE, Gerkema FE, etal . Peptide substrate specificities and protein cleavage sites of human endometase/matrilysin-2/matrix metalloproteinase-26 . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 38 . 35168–75 . 2002 . 12119297 . 10.1074/jbc.M205071200 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Zhao YG, Xiao AZ, Newcomer RG, etal . Activation of pro-gelatinase B by endometase/matrilysin-2 promotes invasion of human prostate cancer cells . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 17 . 15056–64 . 2003 . 12586837 . 10.1074/jbc.M210975200 . free .
• Chegini N, Rhoton-Vlasak A, Williams RS . Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-26 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-3 and -4 in endometrium throughout the normal menstrual cycle and alteration in users of levonorgestrel implants who experience irregular uterine bleeding . Fertil. Steril. . 80 . 3 . 564–70 . 2003 . 12969699 . 10.1016/S0015-0282(03)00797-0 . free .
• Park HI, Jin Y, Hurst DR, etal . The intermediate S1' pocket of the endometase/matrilysin-2 active site revealed by enzyme inhibition kinetic studies, protein sequence analyses, and homology modeling . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 51 . 51646–53 . 2004 . 14532275 . 10.1074/jbc.M310109200 . free .
• Zhao YG, Xiao AZ, Park HI, etal . Endometase/matrilysin-2 in human breast ductal carcinoma in situ and its inhibition by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-2 and -4: a putative role in the initiation of breast cancer invasion . Cancer Res. . 64 . 2 . 590–8 . 2004 . 14744773 . 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-1932 . 15342778 .
• Pilka R, Domanski H, Hansson S, etal . Endometrial TIMP-4 mRNA is high at midcycle and in hyperplasia, but down-regulated in malignant tumours. Coordinated expression with MMP-26 . Mol. Hum. Reprod. . 10 . 9 . 641–50 . 2005 . 15273280 . 10.1093/molehr/gah092 . free .
• Yamamoto H, Vinitketkumnuen A, Adachi Y, etal . Association of matrilysin-2 (MMP-26) expression with tumor progression and activation of MMP-9 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma . Carcinogenesis . 25 . 12 . 2353–60 . 2005 . 15333466 . 10.1093/carcin/bgh270 . free .
• Pilka R, Norata GD, Domanski H, etal . Matrix metalloproteinase-26 (matrilysin-2) expression is high in endometrial hyperplasia and decreases with loss of histological differentiation in endometrial cancer . Gynecol. Oncol. . 94 . 3 . 661–70 . 2004 . 15350356 . 10.1016/j.ygyno.2004.05.024 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Li W, Savinov AY, Rozanov DV, etal . Matrix metalloproteinase-26 is associated with estrogen-dependent malignancies and targets alpha1-antitrypsin serpin . Cancer Res. . 64 . 23 . 8657–65 . 2005 . 15574774 . 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-3019 . 10.1.1.316.8634 . 33047996 .

External links

• The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: M10.029

Notes and References

1. Park HI, Ni J, Gerkema FE, Liu D, Belozerov VE, Sang QX . Identification and characterization of human endometase (Matrix metalloproteinase-26) from endometrial tumor . J Biol Chem . 275 . 27 . 20540–4 . Aug 2000 . 10801841 . 10.1074/jbc.M002349200 . free .
2. de Coignac AB, Elson G, Delneste Y, Magistrelli G, Jeannin P, Aubry JP, Berthier O, Schmitt D, Bonnefoy JY, Gauchat JF . Cloning of MMP-26. A novel matrilysin-like proteinase . Eur J Biochem . 267 . 11 . 3323–9 . Jul 2000 . 10824119 . 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01363.x . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: MMP26 matrix metallopeptidase 26.