MIR494 explained

MicroRNA 494 is a microRNA sequence which is encoded in humans by the MIR494 gene.^[1]

Function

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20–24 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs which are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nucleotide stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA* ("mi-RNA star") products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognises target miRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilisation of the target mRNA. This RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

Further reading

• Diakos C, Zhong S, Xiao Y, Zhou M, Vasconcelos GM, Krapf G, Yeh RF, Zheng S, Kang M, Wiencke JK, Pombo-de-Oliveira MS, Panzer-Grümayer R, Wiemels JL . TEL-AML1 regulation of survivin and apoptosis via miRNA-494 and miRNA-320a . Blood . 116 . 23 . 4885–93 . December 2010 . 20807887 . 3265147 . 10.1182/blood-2009-02-206706 .
• Olaru AV, Ghiaur G, Yamanaka S, Luvsanjav D, An F, Popescu I, Alexandrescu S, Allen S, Pawlik TM, Torbenson M, Georgiades C, Roberts LR, Gores GJ, Ferguson-Smith A, Almeida MI, Calin GA, Mezey E, Selaru FM . MicroRNA down-regulated in human cholangiocarcinoma control cell cycle through multiple targets involved in the G1/S checkpoint . Hepatology . 54 . 6 . 2089–98 . December 2011 . 21809359 . 3212606 . 10.1002/hep.24591 .
• Tominaga K, Srikantan S, Lee EK, Subaran SS, Martindale JL, Abdelmohsen K, Gorospe M . Competitive regulation of nucleolin expression by HuR and miR-494 . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 31 . 20 . 4219–31 . October 2011 . 21859890 . 3187287 . 10.1128/MCB.05955-11 .
• Megiorni F, Cialfi S, Dominici C, Quattrucci S, Pizzuti A . Synergistic post-transcriptional regulation of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) by miR-101 and miR-494 specific binding . PLOS ONE . 6 . 10 . e26601 . 2011 . 22028919 . 3197680 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0026601 . 2011PLoSO...626601M . free .
• Kim WK, Park M, Kim YK, Tae YK, Yang HK, Lee JM, Kim H . MicroRNA-494 downregulates KIT and inhibits gastrointestinal stromal tumor cell proliferation . Clinical Cancer Research . 17 . 24 . 7584–94 . December 2011 . 22042971 . 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-0166 . free .
• Ohdaira H, Sekiguchi M, Miyata K, Yoshida K . MicroRNA-494 suppresses cell proliferation and induces senescence in A549 lung cancer cells . Cell Proliferation . 45 . 1 . 32–8 . February 2012 . 22151897 . 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2011.00798.x . 6496138 .
• Yamanaka S, Campbell NR, An F, Kuo SC, Potter JJ, Mezey E, Maitra A, Selaru FM . Coordinated effects of microRNA-494 induce G₂/M arrest in human cholangiocarcinoma . Cell Cycle . 11 . 14 . 2729–38 . July 2012 . 22785131 . 3409013 . 10.4161/cc.21105 .
• Altmäe S, Martinez-Conejero JA, Esteban FJ, Ruiz-Alonso M, Stavreus-Evers A, Horcajadas JA, Salumets A . MicroRNAs miR-30b, miR-30d, and miR-494 regulate human endometrial receptivity . Reproductive Sciences . 20 . 3 . 308–17 . March 2013 . 22902743 . 4077381 . 10.1177/1933719112453507 .
• Romano G, Acunzo M, Garofalo M, Di Leva G, Cascione L, Zanca C, Bolon B, Condorelli G, Croce CM . MiR-494 is regulated by ERK1/2 and modulates TRAIL-induced apoptosis in non-small-cell lung cancer through BIM down-regulation . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 109 . 41 . 16570–5 . October 2012 . 23012423 . 3478630 . 10.1073/pnas.1207917109 . 2012PNAS..10916570R . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: MicroRNA 494. 2017-10-19 .