MED17 explained

Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 17 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MED17 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II apparatus. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors.^[4]

Interactions

MED17 has been shown to interact with PPARGC1A,^[5] Cyclin-dependent kinase 8^[6] and BRCA1.^{[7] [8]}

Further reading

• Fondell JD, Ge H, Roeder RG . Ligand induction of a transcriptionally active thyroid hormone receptor coactivator complex. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 93 . 16 . 8329–33 . 1996 . 8710870 . 10.1073/pnas.93.16.8329 . 38670 . 1996PNAS...93.8329F . free .
• Rachez C, Lemon BD, Suldan Z, etal . Ligand-dependent transcription activation by nuclear receptors requires the DRIP complex. . Nature . 398 . 6730 . 824–8 . 1999 . 10235266 . 10.1038/19783 . 1999Natur.398..824R . 204992765 .
• Näär AM, Beaurang PA, Zhou S, etal . Composite co-activator ARC mediates chromatin-directed transcriptional activation. . Nature . 398 . 6730 . 828–32 . 1999 . 10235267 . 10.1038/19789 . 1999Natur.398..828N . 23646963 .
• Chiba N, Parvin JD . Redistribution of BRCA1 among four different protein complexes following replication blockage. . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 42 . 38549–54 . 2001 . 11504724 . 10.1074/jbc.M105227200 . free .
• Ge K, Guermah M, Yuan CX, etal . Transcription coactivator TRAP220 is required for PPAR gamma 2-stimulated adipogenesis. . Nature . 417 . 6888 . 563–7 . 2002 . 12037571 . 10.1038/417563a . 2002Natur.417..563G . 4432077 .
• Wang Q, Sharma D, Ren Y, Fondell JD . A coregulatory role for the TRAP-mediator complex in androgen receptor-mediated gene expression. . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 45 . 42852–8 . 2003 . 12218053 . 10.1074/jbc.M206061200 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Lau JF, Nusinzon I, Burakov D, etal . Role of metazoan mediator proteins in interferon-responsive transcription. . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 23 . 2 . 620–8 . 2003 . 12509459 . 10.1128/MCB.23.2.620-628.2003 . 151539 .
• Sato S, Tomomori-Sato C, Banks CA, etal . Identification of mammalian Mediator subunits with similarities to yeast Mediator subunits Srb5, Srb6, Med11, and Rox3. . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 17 . 15123–7 . 2003 . 12584197 . 10.1074/jbc.C300054200 . free .
• Sato S, Tomomori-Sato C, Banks CA, etal . A mammalian homolog of Drosophila melanogaster transcriptional coactivator intersex is a subunit of the mammalian Mediator complex. . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 50 . 49671–4 . 2004 . 14576168 . 10.1074/jbc.C300444200 . free .
• Wallberg AE, Yamamura S, Malik S, etal . Coordination of p300-mediated chromatin remodeling and TRAP/mediator function through coactivator PGC-1alpha. . Mol. Cell . 12 . 5 . 1137–49 . 2004 . 14636573 . 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00391-5 . free .
• Tomomori-Sato C, Sato S, Parmely TJ, etal . A mammalian mediator subunit that shares properties with Saccharomyces cerevisiae mediator subunit Cse2. . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 7 . 5846–51 . 2004 . 14638676 . 10.1074/jbc.M312523200 . free .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Sato S, Tomomori-Sato C, Parmely TJ, etal . A set of consensus mammalian mediator subunits identified by multidimensional protein identification technology. . Mol. Cell . 14 . 5 . 685–91 . 2004 . 15175163 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2004.05.006 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Jang MK, Mochizuki K, Zhou M, etal . The bromodomain protein Brd4 is a positive regulatory component of P-TEFb and stimulates RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription. . Mol. Cell . 19 . 4 . 523–34 . 2005 . 16109376 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.06.027 . free .
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, etal . Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. . Genome Res. . 16 . 1 . 55–65 . 2006 . 16344560 . 10.1101/gr.4039406 . 1356129 .

Notes and References

1. Ryu S, Zhou S, Ladurner AG, Tjian R . The transcriptional cofactor complex CRSP is required for activity of the enhancer-binding protein Sp1 . Nature . 397 . 6718 . 446–50 . Feb 1999 . 9989412 . 10.1038/17141 . 1999Natur.397..446R . 4405569 . 11858/00-001M-0000-0019-A36A-8 . free .
2. Ito M, Yuan CX, Malik S, Gu W, Fondell JD, Yamamura S, Fu ZY, Zhang X, Qin J, Roeder RG . Identity between TRAP and SMCC complexes indicates novel pathways for the function of nuclear receptors and diverse mammalian activators . Mol Cell . 3 . 3 . 361–70 . Apr 1999 . 10198638 . 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80463-3 . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: CRSP6 cofactor required for Sp1 transcriptional activation, subunit 6, 77kDa.
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: CRSP6 cofactor required for Sp1 transcriptional activation, subunit 6, 77kDa.
5. 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00391-5 . Wallberg . Annika E . Yamamura Soichiro . Malik Sohail . Spiegelman Bruce M . Roeder Robert G . Nov 2003 . Coordination of p300-mediated chromatin remodeling and TRAP/mediator function through coactivator PGC-1alpha . Mol. Cell . 12 . 5 . 1137–49 . United States. 1097-2765. 14636573 . free .
6. Kang . Yun Kyoung . Guermah Mohamed . Yuan Chao-Xing . Roeder Robert G . Mar 2002 . The TRAP/Mediator coactivator complex interacts directly with estrogen receptors alpha and beta through the TRAP220 subunit and directly enhances estrogen receptor function in vitro . . 99 . 5 . 2642–7 . United States. 0027-8424. 11867769 . 10.1073/pnas.261715899 . 2002PNAS...99.2642K . 122401 . free .
7. Chiba . N . Parvin J D . Oct 2001 . Redistribution of BRCA1 among four different protein complexes following replication blockage . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 42 . 38549–54 . United States. 0021-9258. 11504724 . 10.1074/jbc.M105227200 . free .
8. Chiba . Natsuko . Parvin Jeffrey D . Aug 2002 . The BRCA1 and BARD1 association with the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme . Cancer Res. . 62 . 15 . 4222–8 . United States. 0008-5472. 12154023 .