MAPKAPK5 explained

MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPKAPK5 gene.^{[1] [2]} The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the serine/threonine kinase family. In response to cellular stress and proinflammatory cytokines, this kinase is activated through its phosphorylation by MAP kinases, including MAPK1/ERK, MAPK14/p38-alpha, and MAPK11/p38-beta. In vitro, this kinase phosphorylates heat shock protein HSP27 at its physiologically relevant sites. Two alternately-spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.^[2]

A link between Alzheimer's disease and reduced levels of MAPKAPK5 has been proposed. Clinical trials may confirm if this is the case.

Further reading

• de Carvalho MG, McCormack AL, Olson E, etal . Identification of phosphorylation sites of human 85-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A2 expressed in insect cells and present in human monocytes. . J. Biol. Chem. . 271 . 12 . 6987–97 . 1996 . 8636128 . 10.1074/jbc.271.12.6987 . free .
• Börsch-Haubold AG, Bartoli F, Asselin J, etal . Identification of the phosphorylation sites of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in agonist-stimulated human platelets and HeLa cells. . J. Biol. Chem. . 273 . 8 . 4449–58 . 1998 . 9468497 . 10.1074/jbc.273.8.4449 . free .
• Ni H, Wang XS, Diener K, Yao Z . MAPKAPK5, a novel mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-activated protein kinase, is a substrate of the extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 kinase. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 243 . 2 . 492–6 . 1998 . 9480836 . 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8135 .
• Sudo T, Maruyama M, Osada H . p62 functions as a p38 MAP kinase regulator. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 269 . 2 . 521–5 . 2000 . 10708586 . 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2333 .
• Hefner Y, Borsch-Haubold AG, Murakami M, etal . Serine 727 phosphorylation and activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 by MNK1-related protein kinases. . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 48 . 37542–51 . 2001 . 10978317 . 10.1074/jbc.M003395200 . free .
• Zhou J, Lottenbach KR, Barenkamp SJ, etal . Recurrent variable region gene usage and somatic mutation in the human antibody response to the capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 23F. . Infect. Immun. . 70 . 8 . 4083–91 . 2002 . 12117915 . 10.1128/IAI.70.8.4083-4091.2002 . 128163 .
• Perfetti V, Casarini S, Palladini G, etal . Analysis of V(lambda)-J(lambda) expression in plasma cells from primary (AL) amyloidosis and normal bone marrow identifies 3r (lambdaIII) as a new amyloid-associated germline gene segment. . Blood . 100 . 3 . 948–53 . 2002 . 12130507 . 10.1182/blood-2002-01-0114 . free .
• Knebel A, Haydon CE, Morrice N, Cohen P . Stress-induced regulation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase by SB 203580-sensitive and -insensitive pathways. . Biochem. J. . 367 . Pt 2 . 525–32 . 2002 . 12171600 . 10.1042/BJ20020916 . 1222910 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• New L, Jiang Y, Han J . Regulation of PRAK subcellular location by p38 MAP kinases. . Mol. Biol. Cell . 14 . 6 . 2603–16 . 2004 . 12808055 . 10.1091/mbc.E02-08-0538 . 194907 .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Sun P, Yoshizuka N, New L, etal . PRAK is essential for ras-induced senescence and tumor suppression. . Cell . 128 . 2 . 295–308 . 2007 . 17254968 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.11.050 . 12383872 . free .

Notes and References

1. New L, Jiang Y, Zhao M, Liu K, Zhu W, Flood LJ, Kato Y, Parry GC, Han J . PRAK, a novel protein kinase regulated by the p38 MAP kinase . EMBO J . 17 . 12 . 3372–84 . Jul 1998 . 9628874 . 1170675 . 10.1093/emboj/17.12.3372 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: MAPKAPK5 mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 5.