MALAT1-associated small cytoplasmic RNA explained

MALAT1-associated small cytoplasmic RNA
Symbol:	mascRNA-menRNA
Rfam:	RF01684
Rna Type:	Gene
Tax Domain:	Eukaryota

MALAT1-associated small cytoplasmic RNA, also known as mascRNA, is a non-coding RNA found in the cytosol. This is a small RNA, roughly 53–61 nucleotides in length, that is processed from a much longer ncRNA called MALAT1 by an enzyme called RNase P.^[1] This RNA is expressed in many different human tissues, is highly conserved by evolution and shares a remarkable similarity to tRNA which is also produced by RNase P, yet this RNA is not aminoacylated in HeLa cells. The primary transcript, MALAT1 (metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1), appears to be upregulated in several malignant cancers.^[2] Another small RNA that is homologous to mascRNA, called menRNA, is processed from another long ncRNA called MEN beta.^[3]

MALAT1 appears to be involved in the regulation of alternative splicing. MALAT1 interacts with SR proteins, influencing the distribution of these in nuclear speckle domains.^[4]

See also

• Long noncoding RNA
• MALAT1
• NEAT1

Further reading

• Bernard D, Prasanth KV, Tripathi V, Colasse S, Nakamura T, Xuan Z, Zhang MQ, Sedel F, Jourdren L, Coulpier F, Triller A, Spector DL, Bessis A . A long nuclear-retained non-coding RNA regulates synaptogenesis by modulating gene expression . EMBO J . 29 . 18 . 3082–3093 . 2010 . 20729808. 10.1038/emboj.2010.199 . 2944070.
• Tano K, Mizuno R, Okada T, Rakwal R, Shibato J, Masuo Y, Ijiri K, Akimitsu N . MALAT-1 enhances cell motility of lung adenocarcinoma cells by influencing the expression of motility-related genes . FEBS Lett . 584. 22. 4575–4580. 2010 . 20937273 . 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.10.008. 207575862 . free .

External links

• OMIM page for MALAT1
• HGNC page for MALAT1
  • Entrez Gene: MALAT1-associated small cytoplasmic RNA

Notes and References

1. Wilusz JE, Freier SM, Spector DL . 3′ end processing of a long nuclear-retained noncoding RNA yields a tRNA-like cytoplasmic RNA. . Cell . 135 . 5 . 919–932 . 2008 . 19041754 . 10.1016/j.cell.2008.10.012 . 2722846.
2. Ji P, Diederichs S, Wang W, Böing S, Metzger R, Schneider PM, Tidow N, Brandt B, Buerger H, Bulk E, Thomas M, Berdel WE, Serve H, Müller-Tidow C . MALAT-1, a novel noncoding RNA, and thymosin beta4 predict metastasis and survival in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer . Oncogene . 22 . 39 . 8031–8041 . 2003 . 12970751 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1206928.
3. Sunwoo H, Dinger ME, Wilusz JE, Amaral PP, Mattick JS, Spector DL . MEN epsilon/beta nuclear-retained non-coding RNAs are up-regulated upon muscle differentiation and are essential components of paraspeckles . Genome Res . 19 . 3 . 347–359 . 2009 . 19106332 . 10.1101/gr.087775.108 . 2661813.
4. Tripathi V, Ellis JD, Shen Z, Song DY, Pan Q, Watt AT, Freier SM, Bennett CF, Sharma A, Bubulya PA, Blencowe BJ, Prasanth SG, Prasanth KV . The Nuclear-Retained Noncoding RNA MALAT1 Regulates Alternative Splicing by Modulating SR Splicing Factor Phosphorylation . Mol Cell . 39. 6. 925–938. 2010 . 20797886 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2010.08.011. 4158944 .