| Birth Date: | 26 February 1952 |
| Birth Place: | Astrakhan, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
Lyudmila Ilyinichna Maslakova (Russian: Людмила Ильинична Маслакова, née Russian: Жаркова, Zharkova; born 26 February 1952 in Astrakhan) is a Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the 100 metres.
Maslakova trained at VSS Trud in Sverdlovsk and later at Burevestnik in Moscow. She competed for the USSR in the 1968 Summer Olympics held in Mexico City, Mexico in the 4 x 100 metres where she won the bronze medal with her teammates Galina Bukharina, Vera Popkova and Lyudmila Samotyosova.
Her next Olympic medal came in the 1976 Summer Olympics held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada again in the 4 x 100 metres where she won the bronze medal with her teammates Tatyana Prorochenko, Nadezhda Besfamilnaya and Vera Anisimova.
Her third Olympic medal came 12 years after her first in 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow, Soviet Union once again in the 4 x 100 metres where she improved to the silver medal with her teammates Vera Komisova, Vera Anisimova and Natalya Bochina.