Lysiphlebus Explained

Lysiphlebus is a genus of parasitoid wasps belonging to the family Braconidae.[1]

The genus has a near cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

Reproduction

Most Lysiphlebus species are haplodiploid, like other Hymenoptera.[2] However, all-female lineages are common in some Lysiphlebus-taxa including L. fabarum, L. cardui and L. confusus.[3]

In these asexual lineages, females can reproduce by a parthenogenetic mechanism, i.e. thelytoky, that involves automixis with central fusion.[4]

The genetic system underlying sex determination in Lysiphlebus is "complementary sex determination", similar to the cape honey bee (see).[5] Unlike honey bees, however, the Lysiphlebus complementary sex determiner gene is thought to be present in multiple copies.[6]

Asexual females may occasionally produce diploid males, which when mated with sexual females, can convert sexual into asexual lineages, a process which has been dubbed "contagious parthenogenesis".[7]

Ecology

Like other Aphidiinae, Lysiphlebus are endoparasitoids of aphids. They lay their eggs inside the body of aphids, where their larvae develop, eventually spinning a mummy-like cocoon inside its remains.

Most Lysiphlebus species specialize in attacking ant-defended aphid colonies. They avoid attack by the ants through chemical mimicry of the aphid cuticular hydrocarbons.[8]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Lysiphlebus Förster, 1862 . www.gbif.org . 11 May 2021 . en.
  2. Cook . James M. . October 1993 . Sex determination in the Hymenoptera: a review of models and evidence . Heredity . en . 71 . 4 . 421–435 . 10.1038/hdy.1993.157 . 1365-2540.
  3. Sandrock . Christoph . Schirrmeister . Bettina E. . Vorburger . Christoph . 2011-12-01 . Evolution of reproductive mode variation and host associations in a sexual-asexual complex of aphid parasitoids . BMC Evolutionary Biology . 11 . 1 . 348 . 10.1186/1471-2148-11-348 . free . 1471-2148 . 3259107 . 22132834. 2011BMCEE..11..348S .
  4. Belshaw R, Quicke DL. The cytogenetics of thelytoky in a predominantly asexual parasitoid wasp with covert sex. Genome. 2003 Feb;46(1):170-3. doi: 10.1139/g02-112. PMID 12669810
  5. Gempe . Tanja . Hasselmann . Martin . Schiøtt . Morten . Hause . Gerd . Otte . Marianne . Beye . Martin . 2009-10-20 . Sex Determination in Honeybees: Two Separate Mechanisms Induce and Maintain the Female Pathway . PLOS Biology . en . 7 . 10 . e1000222 . 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000222 . free . 1545-7885 . 2758576 . 19841734.
  6. Matthey-Doret . Cyril . van der Kooi . Casper J . Jeffries . Daniel L . Bast . Jens . Dennis . Alice B . Vorburger . Christoph . Schwander . Tanja . 2019-10-01 . Mank . Judith . Mapping of Multiple Complementary Sex Determination Loci in a Parasitoid Wasp . Genome Biology and Evolution . en . 11 . 10 . 2954–2962 . 10.1093/gbe/evz219 . 1759-6653 . 6821247 . 31596478.
  7. Contagious Parthenogenesis, Automixis, and a Sex Determination Meltdown . 2024-03-10 . Evolution . 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2010.01145.x . 2011 . Engelstädter . Jan . Sandrock . Christoph . Vorburger . Christoph . 65 . 2 . 501–511 . 21029077 . 7035178 .
  8. Völkl . W. . Mackauer . M. . 1993-05-01 . Interactions between ants attendingAphis fabae ssp.cirsiiacanthoidis on thistles and foraging parasitoid wasps . Journal of Insect Behavior . en . 6 . 3 . 301–312 . 10.1007/BF01048111 . 1993JIBeh...6..301V . 10690924 . 1572-8889.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Lysiphlebus".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.