| Event Name: | Lynching of Red Roach |
| Image Alt: | Old map of Roxboro |
| Date: | July 7, 1920 |
The lynching of Edward[1] "Red" Roach was the extrajudicial killing of a 25-year-old Black man by a mob of White men in Roxboro, North Carolina, for allegedly assaulting the 13-year-old daughter of popular White tobacco farmer Edward Chambers. Later, Nello Teer, Roach's employer, wrote to The Herald-Sun in Durham decrying the lynching as a “ghastly mistake” because Roach was at work when the alleged attack on Chambers occurred. No one was ever brought to justice for the lynching. A memorial service was held in Durham in remembrance of "Ed" Roach in 2019.[2]
In an orchard in Person County, North Carolina, July 7, 1920, the screams of Edward Chambers' daughter alerted people that she felt threatened by Red Roach. He was able to jump on a Norfolk and Western train at Helena, NC but was arrested by police at the next train stop. He was escorted back to Roxboro, North Carolina and put in jail. A White mob soon formed and stormed the jail dragging Roach to a tree in the courtyard of a church. He was shot to death. A rope was strung over a branch but it was too short so a chain was used to hang Red Roach to death. In the crowd watching was the 13-year-old daughter of tobacco farmer Edward Chambers.
Red Roach was part of a work party fixing county roads. After his death, his working party refused to work out of fear they would be lynched by association. After the lynching, letters sent and published in The Crisis journal claimed that Roach was killed in a case of mistaken identity.
See main article: Red Summer. This uprising was one of several incidents of civil unrest that spiked during the so-called American Red Summer, of 1919. Terrorist attacks on black communities and white oppression in over three dozen cities and counties. In most cases, white mobs attacked African American neighborhoods. In some instances, black community groups resisted the attacks, especially in Chicago and Washington DC. Most deaths occurred in rural areas during events such as the Elaine Race Riot in Arkansas, where an estimated 100 to 240 black people and five white people were killed. Also in 1919 were the Chicago Race Riot and Washington D.C. race riot which killed 38 and 39 people respectively, and with both having many more non-fatal injuries and extensive property damage reaching into the millions of dollars.
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