Solanum pimpinellifolium explained

Solanum pimpinellifolium, commonly known as the currant tomato or pimp, is a wild species of tomato[1] native to Ecuador and Peru but naturalized elsewhere, such as the Galápagos Islands. Its small fruits are edible, and it is commonly grown in gardens as an heirloom tomato,[2] although it is considered to be wild[3] rather than domesticated as is the commonly cultivated tomato species Solanum lycopersicum. Its genome was sequenced in 2012.[4]

Breeding purposes

It will hybridize with common domestic tomatoes.[5] There are annual, biennial, and perennial varieties.[6] Solanum pimpinellifolium is important in tomato breeding.

Its relatedness to tomatoes[7] and ability to freely cross with them has allowed it to be used for the introduction of disease resistance traits in tomato varieties, as well as in the study of the genetic control of tomato traits such as fruit shape and size.[6] It has higher amounts of lycopene, vitamin C, and phenolic acids, as well as a higher antioxidant capacity than Solanum lycopersicum.[8] Its 900 Mb genome differs from the tomato at 0.6% of base pairs; in comparison, they both differ from the potato (from which they diverged 7.3 million years ago) at 8% of bases.[4] [9]

Considered the ancestor of domesticated tomatoes, it is valued for supplementing the limited gene pool of the domestic tomato. Due to agricultural development, the wild currant tomato is becoming less prevalent in the native range of northern Peru and southern Ecuador. In addition, seed collection is hampered by issues with the Convention on Biological Diversity.[10]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: New nomenclature for lycopersicon. Sol Genomics. February 17, 2013., from Spooner. D.M.. I.E.. Peralta. S.. Knapp. AFLP phylogeny of wild tomatoes [Solanum L. section Lycopersicon (Mill.) Wettst. subsection Lycopersicon ]. Taxon.
  2. Web site: Smallest Tomato: The Currant Tomato and other Small Wonders. Tomato Casual. February 18, 2013. June 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170611083258/http://www.tomatocasual.com/2008/04/18/smallest-tomato-the-currant-tomato-and-other-small-wonders/. dead.
  3. Bai . Y. . Lindhout . P. . 2007 . Domestication and breeding of tomatoes: what have we gained and what can we gain in the future? . . 100 . 5 . 1085–1094 . 10.1093/aob/mcm150 . 2759208 . 17717024.
  4. The tomato genome sequence provides insights into fleshy fruit evolution. Nature. 10.1038/nature11119. The Tomato Genome Consortium. 31 May 2012. 485. 635–641. 22660326. 7400. 3378239. 2012Natur.485..635T.
  5. Web site: Species: Solanum pimpinellifolium. Sol Genomics. January 28, 2011.
  6. Web site: Solanaceae Source, Solanum pimpinellifolium L., Cent. Pl. 1: 8. 1755. Type: Cultivated in Uppsala, Anon. (lectotype, LINN 248.15 [BH neg. 6802], designated by Knapp & Jarvis 1990)]. Natural History Museum. January 28, 2011.
  7. Caicedo . AL . Schaal . BA . Jul 2004 . Population structure and phylogeography of Solanum pimpinellifolium inferred from a nuclear gene. . . 13 . 7 . 1871–82 . 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02191.x . 15189210 . 12460436. free . 2004MolEc..13.1871C .
  8. Gürbüz Çolak . Nergiz . March 2020 . Mapping of quantitative trait loci for antioxidant molecules in tomato fruit: Carotenoids, vitamins C and E, glutathione and phenolic acids . Plant Science . 292 . 110393 . 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110393 . 32005398 . 2020PlnSc.29210393G . . 210998191. 11147/8865 . free .
  9. News: Taking Tomatoes Back to Their Tasty Roots . .
  10. Web site: Why is This Wild, Pea-Sized Tomato So Important?. Smithsonian Magazine.

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