Luigi Villa Explained

Luigi Villa is a backgammon player from Milan, Italy.[1] In 1979, he was the winner of the World Championship held in Monte Carlo.[2]

The very next day after winning the World Championship,[3] he was defeated in a 7-point match by Hans Berliner's computer program BKG 9.8,[4] becoming the first world champion in any board game to be defeated by a software program.[2] [5] Although Villa's play in the match was stronger, the computer received more favorable dice rolls, winning the match 7–1.[2] [4] The match was played for US$5,000, and drew an audience of 200 people.[1]

In 2006, Villa placed second at the World Championship following a six-hour, 25-point final[6] round against Philip Vischjager.[7]

Notes and References

  1. Allen, Henry. "Gammonoid the Conqueror," The Washington Post. 17 July 1979, p. B1
  2. Bray, Chris. "Man vs. Machine", The Independent (London). 11 December 2004, p. 75.
  3. Book: Walsh, Toby . Toby Walsh . Machines That Think : The Future of Artificial Intelligence. 2018. 978-1-63388-375-8. Amherst, New York. 987428559 . 40.
  4. [Hans Berliner|Berliner, Hans]
  5. Web site: Backgammon Computer Program Beats World Champion . Hans J. . Berliner . 1980 . 2021-09-11 . bkgm.com . https://web.archive.org/web/20210330155208/https://bkgm.com/articles/Berliner/BackgammonProgramBeatsWorldChamp/ . 2021-03-30 . live.
  6. Web site: Interactive replay of Villa's final against Philip Vischjager.
  7. Bray, Chris. "Monte Carlo 2006", The Independent (London). 29 July 2006, p. 61

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