| Official Name: | Lowndesboro, Alabama |
| Settlement Type: | Town |
| Mapsize: | 250px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Name1: | Alabama |
| Subdivision Name2: | Lowndes |
| Area Total Km2: | 2.05 |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 0.79 |
| Area Land Km2: | 2.05 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 0.79 |
| Area Water Km2: | 0.00 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 0.00 |
| Elevation Ft: | 404 |
| Elevation M: | 123 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Total: | 89 |
| Population Density Km2: | 43.40 |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | 112.37 |
| Timezone: | Central (CST) |
| Utc Offset: | -6 |
| Coordinates: | 32.2731°N -86.61°W |
| Timezone Dst: | CDT |
| Utc Offset Dst: | -5 |
| Postal Code Type: | ZIP code |
| Postal Code: | 36752 |
| Area Code: | 334 |
| Blank Name: | FIPS code |
| Blank Info: | 01-44536 |
| Blank1 Name: | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank1 Info: | 0163936 |
| Unit Pref: | Imperial |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
Lowndesboro is a town in Lowndes County, Alabama, United States. At the 2010 census the population was 115, down from 140 in 2000. It is part of the Montgomery Metropolitan Statistical Area. Although initially incorporated in 1856 by an act of the state legislature,[2] it lapsed and was not reincorporated until 1962.[3]
As of the 2000[4] and 2010[5] U.S. Censuses, Lowndesboro, along with Benton, are the only two towns (out of 7) in Lowndes County with a white majority of residents. Both are the 6th (Lowndesboro) and 7th (Benton) smallest communities.
Originally known as McGill's Hill, the community began attracting settlers following the conclusion of the Creek War. In 1832, the residents changed the name to Lowndesboro in honor of U.S. Congressman William Lowndes, the son of Rawlins Lowndes, an early South Carolina governor.[6]
With its proximity to the Alabama River, the community had grown into a prosperous town by the 1830s. Many wealthy planters settled in the area, leaving a legacy of historic mid-19th-century architecture that largely survived intact into the modern era. A brief skirmish was fought at Lowndesboro in April 1865 between a group of Confederate cavalry and advance troops of the Union Army during Wilson's Raid. Federal troops occupied the town after driving off the Confederate force, with very little destruction noted from the occupation, thus preserving many of the antebellum houses and structures in the Lowndesboro Historic District.[6]
Like many small Southern communities with an economy based on cotton production and trade, Lowndesboro declined rapidly in the post-war years. At least partially attributed to this decline was the survival of much of the pre-war architecture into the 20th century, making it a unique assemblage of 19th-century architecture.[6] Today much of the town is included in the Lowndesboro Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Dicksonia Plantation ruins are also a notable place of interest.[7]
Lowndesboro was the site of a number of significant events in the civil rights movement. On March 25, 1965, civil rights worker Viola Liuzzo was shot to death during a high-speed chase by Ku Klux Klan members on U.S. Route 80, while driving to Montgomery to pick up a group of demonstrators waiting to return to Selma after the Selma-to-Montgomery march. The Klansmen spotted the white Liuzzo and her black passenger, Leroy Moton, at a stoplight in Selma, catching up to the pair about two miles (3 km) west of Lowndesboro.[8]
In 1966, a number of Lowndes County African-American families were evicted from their homes in retaliation for their participation in the movement. Twenty of these families set up a tent city outside of Lowndesboro rather than flee the area.[9]
Lowndesboro is located at 32.2731°N -86.61°W (32.273118, -86.609915).[10] According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.8sqmi, all land.
Lowndesboro (also spelled as Lowndesborough in the 19th century) appeared on the 1850 and 1880 U.S. Census records (and acknowledged in the 1890 records, but not separately returned). It did not appear again until 1970. In 1880, it was the largest town in the county with 472 residents, ahead of Fort Deposit (350) and White Hall (168), the only two other communities separately returned.
As of the census[11] of 2000, there were 140 people, 58 households, and 40 families residing in the town. The population density was 176sp=usNaNsp=us. There were 62 housing units at an average density of 77.9sp=usNaNsp=us. The racial makeup of the town was 71.43% White, 25.00% Black or African American, 1.43% from other races, and 2.14% from two or more races. 3.57% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 58 households, out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.2% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.0% were non-families. 29.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.98.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.1% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 17.1% from 45 to 64, and 23.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.9 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $27,917, and the median income for a family was $35,833. Males had a median income of $23,750 versus $41,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,101. There were 16.0% of families and 29.7% of the population living below the poverty line, including 39.4% of under eighteens and 38.6% of those over 64.