| Election Name: | 1940 Louisiana Democratic gubernatorial primary |
| Country: | Louisiana |
| Type: | presidential |
| Ongoing: | No |
| Previous Election: | 1936 Louisiana gubernatorial election |
| Previous Year: | 1936 |
| Next Election: | 1944 Louisiana gubernatorial election |
| Next Year: | 1944 |
| Election Date: | February 20, 1940 |
| Flag Year: | 1912 |
| Candidate1: | Sam H. Jones |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Alliance1: | Anti-Long |
| Popular Vote1: | 284,437 |
| Percentage1: | 51.73% |
| Candidate2: | Earl Long |
| Party2: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Alliance2: | Longite |
| Popular Vote2: | 265,403 |
| Percentage2: | 48.27% |
| Map Size: | 300px |
| Governor | |
| Before Election: | Earl K. Long |
| Before Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| After Election: | Sam H. Jones |
| After Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
The 1940 Louisiana gubernatorial election was held in two rounds on January 16 and February 20, 1940. Like most Southern states between the Reconstruction Era and the Civil Rights Movement, Louisiana's Republican Party was virtually nonexistent in terms of electoral support. This meant that the two Democratic Party primaries held on these dates were the real contest over who would be governor. The election resulted in the narrow defeat of Earl K. Long and the election of Sam H. Jones as governor of Louisiana on a reform platform.
The focus of the campaign was the ongoing 'Louisiana Scandals' which implicated former governor Richard W. Leche – and by extension Earl K. Long – in widespread corruption. Jones's main campaign focus was a moralistic crusade against corruption, and the state's newspapers featured him in overwhelmingly positive coverage. Behind the scenes, though, Jones enlisted the aid of veteran politicos who were themselves implicated in questionable dealings. He refused to criticize Huey Long, saying that "I am not running against a dead man. I am running against a gang of rascals as live as any gang that ever lived, and I'm running to clean out every one of them." Jones also promised to expand some of the Long programs, including teacher salary increases and a new old-age pension.
Earl Long made use of the Louisiana Progress newspaper he had inherited from his brother, as well as state publications like the Louisiana Conservation Review. He also made extensive speaking tours throughout the state's rural areas, making colorful attacks on the big-city newspapers and calling Jones a tool of corporate interests.
Jones got most of his funding from wealthy 'good-government' supporters, while Long's funding came from state employee deductions, oil and gas companies, and contributions from organized crime.
After the first round of voting, Noe endorsed Jones after the two struck a deal in which the 'good-government' Jones promised Noe half of the state's patronage appointments in exchange for his support. Long called a special session of the legislature to pass several spending increases for social programs and some reform bills in an effort to influence runoff voters. But Long refused to include a pay raise for teachers, alienating a large voting bloc in the process.
First Democratic Party Primary, January 16
| Candidate | Votes received | Percent |
|---|---|---|
| Earl K. Long | 226,385 | 40.88% |
| Sam H. Jones | 154,936 | 27.98% |
| James A. Noe | 116,564 | 21.05% |
| James H. Morrison | 48,243 | 8.71% |
| Vincent Moseley | 7,595 | 1.37% |
Second Democratic Party Primary, February 20
| Candidate | Votes received | Percent |
|---|---|---|
| Sam H. Jones | 284,437 | 51.73% |
| Earl K. Long | 265,403 | 48.27% |
Despite Long's promises of increased social programs, voters were still outraged over the recent corruption scandals and were unwilling to believe Earl Long's claims that he had had nothing to do with the scandals. Jones's victory ended twelve years of Longite governors in Louisiana.