Lorraine-Dietrich aero-engines explained

Lorraine-Dietrich was a French automobile and aircraft engine manufacturer from 1896 until 1935, created when railway locomotive manufacturer Société Lorraine des Anciens Etablissments de Dietrich and Cie (known as De Dietrich et Cie, founded in 1884 by Jean de Dietrich) branched into the manufacture of automobiles. The Franco-Prussian War divided the company's manufacturing capacity, one plant in Niederbronn-les-Bains, Alsace, the other in Lunéville, Lorraine.[1]

Aircraft engines

Designations

Letter system

The Service technique de l'aéronautique (STAé) used a common designation system for the vast majority of their engines, which signified the major attributes of the particular engines:

  1. 12 – the number of cylinders in any configuration (V, straight, W, horizontally opposed, radial, etc. etc.).
  2. Y – the family letter in capitals (note: in at least two instances the family designator consisted of two letters in capitals e.g. 14AA and 14AB), advancing alphabetically.
  3. a – sub variant indicator, (which could also indicate the rotation of the engine, where otherwise identical engines with opposite hand rotation were built, e.g. 12Ndr anti-clockwise and 12Nfr clockwise).
  4. r – attribute indicators, denoting various attributes that the engine might have, (r = reduction gearing, i = fuel injection, s = supercharged, etc. etc.)
  5. 1 – sub-sub variants were denoted by using a number after the letters, (e.g. 12Xhrs and 12Xhrs1), usually indicating differences in ancillary equipment.

Thus the 12Xgrs was of the X family, with reduction gearing and supercharger. Whereas the 12Xhrs was identical but rotated in the opposite direction.

Source:Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938[2] [3] [4] except where noted

Lorraine 3D
  • licence-built Potez 3B
    Lorraine 5P
  • 5 cyl radial
  • 5Pa
  • 100abbr=onNaNabbr=on
  • 5Pb
  • 110abbr=onNaNabbr=on
  • 5pc
  • 120abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine 6A
  • (AM) 110abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine 6Ba
  • 6 cyl two-row radial 130abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine 7M Mizar
  • 7 cyl radial 240abbr=onNaNabbr=on
  • 7Ma
  • 7Me
    Lorraine 8A
  • V-8
  • 8Aa
  • 8Ab
  • 8Aby
    Lorraine 8B
  • V-8
  • 8Ba
  • 8Bb
  • 8Bd
  • 8Be
  • Lorraine-Latécoère 8B
    Lorraine 9N Algol
  • Type 120 9 cyl radial 300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine Algol Junior
  • 230abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine Algol Major
  • 470abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine Dietrich 12Cc
  • Dc in error?
    Lorraine 12? Hibis
  • 450abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine Dietrich 12Cc
  • Dc in error?
    Lorraine 12D
  • V-12
  • 12Da
  • 12Db
  • 12Dc
    Lorraine 12 DOO
  • horizontally-opposed O-12
    Lorraine 12E Courlis
  • W-12 450abbr=onNaNabbr=on
  • 12Eb
  • 12Ebr
  • 12Ed
  • 12Edr
  • 12Ee
  • 12Ew
  • The standard Eb fitted with a supplementary supercharger
    Lorraine 12F Courlis
  • W-12 600abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine 12H Pétrel
  • V-12
    Lorraine 12Q Eider
  • 12Qo
    Lorraine 12R Sterna
  • V-12 Type 111 700abbr=onNaNabbr=on
  • 12Rs
  • V-12 Type 111 700abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine 12Rcr Radium
  • inverted V-12 with turbochargers 300abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine 14A Antarès
  • 14 cylinder radial 500abbr=onNaNabbr=on
  • 14Ac
  • 14 cylinder radial 500abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine 14E
  • 14 cylinder radial 470abbr=onNaNabbr=on[5] (could be mis-typing of 14Ae, or someone unfamiliar with the designation system writing 14E for Etoile – star - radial)
    Lorraine 14L Antarès
  • 14 cylinder radial 500abbr=onNaNabbr=on (could be mis-typing of 14Al)
    Lorraine 18F Sirius
  • Type 112
  • 18F.0
  • 18F.00
  • 18F.100
    Lorraine 18G Orion
  • W-18
  • 18Ga
  • W-18
  • 18Gad
  • W-18
    Lorraine 18K
  • W-18
  • 18Ka
  • 18Kd
  • 18Kdrs
    Lorraine 24
  • W-24 1000abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine 24E Taurus
  • 24-cyl in-line radial (six banks of 4-inline) 1600abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine AM
  • (moteur d’Aviation Militaire (A.M.)) – derived from German 6-cyl in-line engines
    Lorraine Diesel
  • built in 1932, rated at 200abbr=onNaNabbr=on
    Lorraine DM-400

    Applications

    Data from:Les moteurs d'Lorraine[4]

    1914 6A :(A.M. -Aviation Militaire):
  • Farman F.40
    1915 8Aa
  • Lorraine AM (Marine)
  • FBA Type C (Italian)
    1915 8Aby
  • Donnet-Denhaut
  • FBA Type H
    1916 8Ba
  • Donnet-Denhaut prototypes
  • FBA Type S
    1916 12D
  • Hallbronn HT2
  • Latécoère 5
  • Latécoère 16
    1917 12Da
  • CAMS-37
  • Latham 43
  • Lioré et Olivier H-10
  • SEA IV
  • Potez 7
  • Potez 9
  • Potez 12
  • Farman 120
  • Percheron 18
    1917 8Bb
  • Nieuport 28
  • Tellier 1100
    1918 12Db
  • Besson MB-26
  • Latham E5
  • Lioré et Olivier LeO 12
  • Levasseur PL3
  • Potez 11
  • Potez 15
  • Potez 17
  • Potez 23
  • Potez 27
  • Farman 60
  • Farman 62
  • Farman 3bis
  • Farman 122
  • Farman 150bis
  • Farman Super Goliath
    1918 8Bd & 8Be
  • Nieuport 28
  • SPAD S XVI
  • Potez 18/1
  • Potez 21
  • Latécoère 15
  • Latécoère 18
  • Latécoère 22
    1919 12Dc
  • Bernard 10T
  • Farman 72
  • Lioré et Olivier H-10
    1922 12Eb & 12Ebr
  • Bernard V1
  • Breguet 19
  • Breguet 281T
  • CAMS- 37
  • Dewoitine D.12
  • Dewoitine D.14
  • Schreck FBA 21
  • GourdouLeseurre 33
  • Farman F.62 Goliath
  • SPAD 61/2
  • Nieuport-Delage NiD-44
  • Lioré et Olivier H-134
  • Lioré et Olivier 191
  • Levasseur PL4
  • Levasseur PL5
  • Levasseur PL8
  • Potez 25TOE
  • Potez 25/55
  • Potez 29
  • Villiers 4
  • Villiers 9
  • Villiers 10
    1923 7Ma & 7Mb
  • Potez 32/2
  • Farman 75
    1924 14Ac Antarès
  • Potez 29/6
    1925 5Pa
  • Farman 232/1
    1926 Lorraine 5Pb5Pb
  • Potez 36/23
  • Farman 204
  • Farman 352/2
  • Farman 402
  • Farman 405
  • Farman 480
  • Farman 1020
    1927 5Pc
  • Schreck FBA 310
  • Farman 203
  • Farman 401
  • 1927 12F Courlis:Potez 25/67
  • Potez 50
    1927 18K, 18Kb, 18Kc 18Kd
  • Amiot 122
    1928 7Me Mizar
  • CAMS 90
  • LeO H-222
  • Potez 33/1
  • Schreck FBA 171
  • Farman 197
  • Farman 306
    1928 9Na Algol
  • Bernard 161
  • Bloch 120
  • Lioré et Olivier LeO-251
  • Schreck FBA 270
  • Potez 33/4
  • Potez 402
  • Farman 199
  • Farman 304
  • 1928 14L
  • ?
    1929 18Ga Orion
  • Amiot 121
  • Amiot 122BP
  • Amiot 126
    1930 12Rcr Radium
  • Nieuport-Delage NiD-651
  • Bernard HV-220
    1930 12Hars
  • Potez 39/1bis
    1930 12Q Eider
  • Amiot transatlantique
    1931 12Hdrs:Nieuport-Delage NiD-121
  • 123

    Specifications

    Data from:[6] This table gives the major attributes of each engine model, where known.

    ModelBoreStrokeCapacityComp.Wt. dryT/O prT/O rpmS. chargerRed. gearRated prRated rpmRated altComments
    14A140abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on32.326abbr=onNaNabbr=on5453abbr=onNaNabbr=on570abbr=onNaNabbr=on 1,900n0.647:1 / DD500abbr=onNaNabbr=on-->S/L14 cylinder radial - Antares
    12Ed120abbr=onNaNabbr=on180abbr=onNaNabbr=on24.42abbr=onNaNabbr=on6Direct drive:373abbr=onNaNabbr=on; geared 413abbr=onNaNabbr=on485abbr=onNaNabbr=on2,500n? / DD450abbr=onNaNabbr=on1,800S/Lwater-cooled W-12 - Courlis
    12Fa145abbr=onNaNabbr=on160abbr=onNaNabbr=on31.7abbr=onNaNabbr=on6Direct drive:423abbr=onNaNabbr=on; geared 451abbr=onNaNabbr=on700abbr=onNaNabbr=onn? / DD600abbr=onNaNabbr=on2,000S/Lwater-cooled W-12 – Courlis
    Lorraine 18G125abbr=onNaNabbr=on180abbr=onNaNabbr=on39.76abbr=onNaNabbr=on6:1569abbr=onNaNabbr=on823abbr=onNaNabbr=on 2000 rpm n DD700abbr=onNaNabbr=onS/L W-18 Orion
    Lorraine 12H145abbr=onNaNabbr=on145abbr=onNaNabbr=on28.8abbr=onNaNabbr=on6:1369abbr=onNaNabbr=on760abbr=onNaNabbr=on 2000 rpm n DD500abbr=onNaNabbr=onS/L V-12 Pétrel
    Lorraine 18K120abbr=onNaNabbr=on180abbr=onNaNabbr=on36.63abbr=onNaNabbr=on6:1584abbr=onNaNabbr=on719abbr=onNaNabbr=on 2000 rpm n geared650abbr=onNaNabbr=onS/L W-18
    7Ma140abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on16.163abbr=onNaNabbr=on5265abbr=onNaNabbr=on283abbr=onNaNabbr=on 1,800nDD240abbr=onNaNabbr=on-->S/L7 cylinder radial – Mizar
    9Na140abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on20.78abbr=onNaNabbr=on5296abbr=onNaNabbr=on370abbr=onNaNabbr=on 1,800nDD240abbr=onNaNabbr=on-->S/L9 cylinder radial – Algol
    5Pa125abbr=onNaNabbr=on140abbr=onNaNabbr=on8.59abbr=onNaNabbr=on5156abbr=onNaNabbr=on108abbr=onNaNabbr=on 1,350nDD100abbr=onNaNabbr=onS/L5 cylinder radial
    5Pb125abbr=onNaNabbr=on140abbr=onNaNabbr=on8.59abbr=onNaNabbr=on5158abbr=onNaNabbr=on128abbr=onNaNabbr=on1,650nDD125abbr=onNaNabbr=onS/L5 cylinder radial
    5Pc130abbr=onNaNabbr=on140abbr=onNaNabbr=on9.3abbr=onNaNabbr=on5161abbr=onNaNabbr=on150abbr=onNaNabbr=on 1,700nDD120abbr=onNaNabbr=onS/L5 cylinder radial
    Lorraine 12Q170abbr=onNaNabbr=on165abbr=onNaNabbr=on44.9abbr=onNaNabbr=on6:1Direct drive:580abbr=onNaNabbr=on; geared 635abbr=onNaNabbr=on1050abbr=onNaNabbr=on 2200 rpm n DD900abbr=onNaNabbr=onS/L V-12 Eider

    Notes and References

    1. Wise, David Burgess, "De Dietrich: France's Veteran Car Manufacturer", in Ward, Ian, executive editor. The World of Automobiles (London: Orbis Publishing, 1974), p.507.
    2. Book: Grey, C.G. . Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938 . 1938 . Sampson Low, Marston & company, ltd . London . Bridgman, Leonard.
    3. Web site: Hartmann. Gérard. Le moteur Lorraine 12 Eb de 450 ch. hydroretro.net. 9 July 2013. French.
    4. Web site: Hartmann. Gérard. Les moteurs d'Lorraine. hydroretro.net. 9 July 2013. French.
    5. Book: Hartmann, Gérard. Liore et Olivier. 2002. E-T-A-I. Boulogne-Billancourt. 46. 2-7268-8607-8.
    6. Les Moteurs Lorraine. Revue de la Société Générale Aéronautique. December 1930. 6–10. 8 April 2015. SGA. Argenteuil. French. https://web.archive.org/web/20151017013922/http://dev.museesafran.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/1350046405-autres-revues-(sga)-saf2012_0047439.pdf. 17 October 2015. dead.

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