Doug Moench Explained

Birth Name:	Douglas Moench
Birth Date:	23 February 1948
Birth Place:	Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Write:	y
Notable Works:	Batman Coldblood Deathlok Detective Comics Electric Warrior Lords of the Ultra-Realm Master of Kung Fu Moon Knight
Awards:	Eagle Award, 1977 Inkpot Award, 1981

Douglas Moench (;^[1] born February 23, 1948)^[2] is an American comic book writer notable for his Batman work and as the creator of Moon Knight, Deathlok, Black Mask, Harvey Bullock, Electric Warrior, and Six from Sirius. He is also known for his critically acclaimed eight-year run on Master of Kung Fu.

Early life

Born in Chicago, Illinois,^[3] Moench has written novels, short stories, newspaper feature articles, weekly newspaper comic strips, film screenplays and teleplays. His first published work was My Dog Sandy, a comic strip printed in his elementary school newspaper.^[4] Moench had a fan letter printed in The Amazing Spider-Man issue #17 (Oct. 1964) in which he praised the art of Steve Ditko^[5] and others printed in Avengers #51 (April 1968), Captain America #102 (June 1968), and Silver Surfer #14 (March 1970). He began his professional writing career with scripts for Eerie #29 and Vampirella #7 (both cover dated September 1970) and articles for the Chicago Sun-Times. In 1973, he moved to New York City.

Career

Moench began working for Marvel Comics in 1973, with his first story for the company appearing in Chamber of Chills #7 (November 1973). The following year, Moench became the de facto lead writer for the Marvel black-and-white magazine imprint Curtis Magazines. He contributed to the entire runs of Planet of the Apes and Doc Savage, while serving as a regular scribe for virtually every other Curtis title during the course of the imprint's existence. For Marvel's color comic line, Moench wrote the Werewolf by Night title^[6] and followed Steve Englehart as writer of Master of Kung Fu.^[7] Moench scripted the "Deathlok" feature in Astonishing Tales featuring the character co-created by Rich Buckler.^[8] Moench and artist Don Perlin introduced Moon Knight in Werewolf by Night #32 (August 1975). The character of Moon Knight would then go on to be featured in other Marvel titles eventually getting his own solo series in 1980.^[9] Moench and George Pérez launched The Inhumans series in October 1975^[10] while "Weirdworld" was created by Moench and Mike Ploog in Marvel Super Action #1 (January 1976).^[11]

Continuing his work for the black-and white magazine line, Moench and Walt Simonson debuted The Rampaging Hulk in January 1977.^[12] The series was retitled The Hulk! with issue #10 and switched to a full-color format.^[13] Two licensed properties which Moench worked on with Herb Trimpe were Godzilla^[14] and Shogun Warriors.^[15]

Moench is a frequent and longtime collaborator with comics artist Paul Gulacy.^[16] The pair are probably best known for their work on Master of Kung Fu, which they worked on together from 1974 to 1977. Comics historian Les Daniels observed that "Ingenious writing by Doug Moench and energetic art by Paul Gulacy brought Master of Kung Fu new life."^[17] In 2010, Comics Bulletin ranked Moench and Gulacy's work on Master of Kung-Fu sixth on its list of the "Top 10 1970s Marvels".^[18] Moench and Gulacy later co-created Six from Sirius, Slash Maraud, and S.C.I. Spy,^[19] and have worked together on comics projects featuring Batman, Conan the Barbarian and James Bond.

In late August 1982, Moench left Marvel due to disagreements with then editor-in-chief Jim Shooter.^[20] He was hired by DC, and from 1983 to 1986 he wrote Batman and Detective Comics.^[21] He co-created new villains including Nightslayer in Detective Comics #529 (Aug. 1983)^[22] Black Mask in Batman #386 (Aug. 1985),^[23] and the Film Freak in Batman #395 (May 1986).^[24] He and artist Don Newton produced the story in which Jason Todd replaces Dick Grayson as Robin in Batman #368 (February 1984).^[25] His first run on the title ended with issue #400 which featured work by several popular comics artists and included an introduction by novelist Stephen King.^{[26] [27]} In his second run on the title from 1992 to 1998, Moench was one of the writers of the "Knightfall" storyline^[28] and wrote Batman #500 in which the character Azrael replaced Bruce Wayne as Batman.^[29] The "KnightsEnd" arc which saw the return of Bruce Wayne to the role of Batman was co-written by Moench as well.^[30] Other Batman storylines which Moench contributed to include "Contagion",^[31] "Legacy",^[32] and "Cataclysm".^[33]

Working at DC Comics in the 1980s, Moench wrote Omega Men and The Spectre.^[34] He was one of the contributors to the DC Challenge limited series in 1986^[35] and co-created Electric Warrior with artist Jim Baikie;^[36] Lords of the Ultra-Realm with Pat Broderick; and Slash Maraud with Gulacy.

Moench has frequently been paired with the artist and inker team of Kelley Jones and John Beatty on several Elseworlds graphic novels, including ^[37] and a long run of the monthly Batman comic. In 1994, Moench co-wrote the Batman-Spawn: War Devil intercompany crossover with Chuck Dixon and Alan Grant.^[38]

Personal life

Moench and his wife, Debra, have a son, Derek. As of 2018, Moench lives in Pennsylvania.^[39]

Awards and nominations

• 1972: Nominated for Chicago Newspaper Guild Award
• 1977: Eagle Award for Favorite Continued Comic Story for Master of Kung Fu #48–51 with Paul Gulacy^[40]
• 1978: Nominated at the Eagle Awards for Favourite Single Story for Marvel Premiere #38: The Lord of Tyndall's Quest with Mike Ploog
• 1979: Nominated at the Eagle Awards for Best Comic Book Writer (US), and for Best Continued Story for Captain Marvel #58–62 with Pat Broderick
• 1980: Nominated at the Eagle Awards for Favourite Comicbook Writer
• 1981: Inkpot Award^[41]
• 1990: Nominated at the Haxtur Awards for Best Long Comic Strip for Slash Maraud with Paul Gulacy
• 1997: Nominated at the Haxtur Awards for Best Long Comic Strip for Batman Versus Predator II^[42]

Comics bibliography (selected)

Dark Horse Comics

• Dark Horse Comics #25 ("")
• Ghost and The Shadow #1
• (1992)

DC Comics

• Arion, Lord of Atlantis #4–11 (1983)
• Batman #0, 360–400, 481–559, 1,000,000 and Annual #10, 12, 13, 17–21 (1983–1986, 1992–1998)
• Batman: Blackgate: Isle of Men (1998)
• Batman: Book of the Dead #1–2 (Elseworlds) (1999)
• Batman: Brotherhood of the Bat (Elseworlds) (1995)
• The Batman Chronicles #1–3, 23 (1995–2001)
• Batman: Dark Joker: The Wild (Elseworlds) (1993)
• (the first of three Batman vampire Elseworlds graphic novels) (1991)
  • Batman: Bloodstorm (the second Batman vampire Elseworlds saga) (1995)
  • Batman: Crimson Mist (the third Batman vampire Elseworlds saga) (1999)
• Batman: Haunted Gotham #1–4 (Elseworlds) (2000)
• Batman: Hong Kong #1 (2003)
• #1 (1995)
• #11–15 (""), 46–49, 86–88, 137–141, 146–148 (1990–2001)
• Batman: Outlaws #1–3 (2000)
• Batman: Unseen #1–5 (2009–2010)
• Batman Versus Predator II: Bloodmatch #1–4 (1994–1995)
• (co-written with Chuck Dixon and Alan Grant) (1994)
• Blackhawk vol. 3 #12–16 (1990)
• Catwoman #0, 25, 38–55 (1994–1998)
• #1–2 (Elseworlds: Batman and Catwoman's roles are reversed) (1999)
• Celebrate the Century Super Heroes Stamp Album #1 (1999)
• COPS #1–15 (1988–1989)
• DC Challenge #3 (1986)
• DC Science Fiction Graphic Novel #7 (adaptation by Moench, Pat Broderick, and Neal McPheeters of the Sandkings novelette by George R. R. Martin) (1987)
• Detective Comics #527–566 (1983–1986)
• Electric Warrior #1–18 (1986–1987)
• Forbidden Tales of Dark Mansion #11 (1973)
• G.I. Combat #163 (1973)
• Green Arrow vol. 2 #86 (1994)
• Green Lantern Corps Quarterly #1–2 (1992)
• Green Lantern: Dragon Lord #1–3 (a Green Lantern mini-series set in ancient China) (2001)
• Heroes Against Hunger #1 (1986)
• House of Mystery #216, 228, 244, 253 (1973–1977)
• House of Secrets #113 (1973)
• #1–3 (2001)
• Lords of the Ultra-Realm #1–6, Special #1 (co-created by Moench and Pat Broderick) (1986–1987)
• Mister Miracle vol. 2 #14–28 (1990–1991)
• Omega Men #17–20, 22, 23, 25, Annual #1 (1984–1985)
• Our Army at War #271 featuring Sgt. Rock (1974)
• S.C.I. Spy #1–6 (2002)
• Showcase '93 #1–12 (1993)
• Slash Maraud #1–6 (1987–1988)
• The Spectre vol. 2 #1–31, Annual #1 (1987–1989)
• Teen Titans Spotlight #12 (1987)
• The Wanderers #1–13 (1988–1989)
• World's Finest Comics #289–292 (1983)
• Xenobrood #0, 1–6 (1994–1995)

Paradox Press

• The Big Book of Conspiracies (1995)
• The Big Book of The Unexplained (1997)

Eclipse Comics

• Aztec Ace
• Nightmares #1–2
• Miracleman #14 (backup story: "Nuclear Spring")
• Total Eclipse #2 (Aztec Ace backup story)

Last Gasp

• Grim Wit #2

Marvel Comics

• Adventure into Fear #25–28 (starring Morbius) (1974–1975)
• Astonishing Tales #25–27, 30–31 (Deathlok) (1974–1975)
• Bizarre Adventures #26, 28, 33 (1981–1982)
• Captain Marvel #56, 58–62 (1978–1979)
• Chamber of Chills #7 (1973)
• Conan the Barbarian: The Skull of Set graphic novel (1989)
• Creatures on the Loose featuring Man-Wolf #30–31 (1974)
• The Deep (comic book adaptation of the Columbia Pictures movie) (1977)
• Epic Illustrated #3, 5, 9, 11–13, 33 (1980–1985)
• Fantastic Four #219, 222–231, Annual #15 (1980–1981)
• The Frankenstein Monster #12–17 (1974–1975)
• Ghost Rider vol. 2 #5 (1974)
• Giant-Size Chillers #1 (1975)
• Giant-Size Master of Kung-Fu #1–4 (1974–1975)
• Giant Size Werewolf #2–5 (1974–1975)
• Godzilla #1–24 (1977–1979)
• The Incredible Hulk Annual #9 (1980)
• Inhumans #1–8, 10–12 (1975–1977)
• The Island of Dr. Moreau (comic book adaptation of the American International Pictures film) (1977)
• Ka-Zar vol. 2 #10–20 (1975–1977)
• King Conan #9–15 (1982–1983)
• Kull the Conqueror #16–20 (1976–1977)
• Kull the Conqueror vol. 2 #2 (1983)
• Marvel Classics Comics #13, 16, 19, 21, 22, 25, 27, 29–30, 32–36 (adaptations of classic novels) (1977–1979)
• Marvel Comics Presents #1–8 (Shang Chi, Master of Kung Fu), 26–35 (Coldblood) (1988–1989)
• Marvel Fanfare #24–26 (Weirdworld) (1986)
• Marvel Premiere #17–19 (Iron Fist), #38 (Weirdworld), #41 (Seeker 3000), #61 (Star-Lord) (1974–1981)
• Marvel Spotlight #28–29 (Moon Knight) (1976)
• Marvel Spotlight vol. 2 #1–3 (Captain Marvel), #6-7 (Star-Lord) (1979–1980)
• Marvel Super Special #10 (Star-Lord), #11–13 (Weirdworld) (1979)
• Marvel Two-in-One Annual #6 (1981)
• Master of Kung Fu #21–52, 54–63, 65–101, 103–120 122, Annual #1 (1974–1983)
• Master of Kung Fu: Bleeding Black #1 (1991)
• Master of Kung Fu: Hellfire Apocalypse #1–6 (Marvel MAX) (2002–2003)
• Moon Knight #1–15, 17–26, 28–33 (1980–1983)
• Moon Knight: High Strangers #1–4 (1999)
• Moon Knight: The Resurrection #1–4 (1997)
• Moon Knight Special Featuring Master of Kung Fu #1 (1992)
• Shogun Warriors #1–14, 16–20 (1979–1980)
• Thor #303, 308, 310–322, 324–328 (1981–1983)
• The Toxic Avenger #1–11 (based on the Troma Films character) (1991–1992)
• Werewolf by Night #20–43 (1974–1977)
• What If? #16 (featuring "What If Shang Chi Master of Kung Fu Fought on the Side of Fu Manchu?") (1979)
• Wolverine

Doombringer #1 (1997)

• X-Men Unlimited #25 (1999)

Curtis Magazines

Marvel's black-and-white magazine imprint

• Deadly Hands of Kung Fu #3–14, 16–18, 29, 33, Special #1 (featuring Shang-Chi: Master of Kung Fu) (1974–1977)
• Doc Savage #1–8 (1975–1977)
• Dracula Lives! #2–3, 5–6, 8–12 (1974–1975)
• Haunt of Horror #2–5, 12 (1974–1975)
• The Hulk! #10–22 (1978–1980)
• Kull and the Barbarians #3 (1975)
• Legion of Monsters #1 (1975)
• Marvel Preview #1, #5–6 (adaptation of the Sherlock Holmes story The Hound of the Baskervilles), #8 (Legion of Monsters), #12–13, 18, 21–22, 26, 28, 33 (1976–1980)
• Marvel Super Action #1 (first Weirdworld story) (1976)
• Monsters of the Movies #1, 8 (1974–1975)
• Monsters Unleashed #5–11 (1974–1975)
• Planet of the Apes #1–29 (adaptations of the Apes films and original spinoff tales including the "Terror on the Planet of the Apes" saga) (1974–1977)
• The Rampaging Hulk #1–9 (1977–1978)
• Savage Sword of Conan #5, 9, 13, 14, 180 (1975–1990)
• Savage Tales (featuring Conan and Ka-Zar) #5, 7–8, 11 (1974–1975)
• Tales of the Zombie #2–7, 9–10, Annual #1 (1974–1975)
• Unknown Worlds of Science Fiction #3, 6 (1975)
• Vampire Tales #2, 4–7, 9–11, Annual #1 (1974–1975)

Epic Comics

• Six from Sirius #1–4 (1984)
• Six from Sirius II #1–4 (1985–1986)

Malibu Comics

• Rune: Hearts of Darkness #1–3 (1996)

Skywald Publications

• Nightmare #9–12, 14, Annual #1, Yearbook 1974
• Psycho #5–6, 9, 11, 13, 16

TSR, Inc.

• R.I.P. Brasher: Avenger of the Dead #1–4

Warren Publishing

• Eerie #29–30, 35–45, 47, 50, 53–55, 57–58, 72, 78, 109–112
• Creepy #37, 46–47, 49–54, 56–59, 64–66, 68, 71–72, 76, 80, 82, 88
• Vampirella #7, 9, 14–15, 17–20, 24–29, 31, 34, 39

Non-comics bibliography (selected)

Moench wrote book, movie, and music reviews for Fling, and he wrote for several other men's magazines, including Adam, Cavalier, Knight, Man to Man and Swingle. He wrote several articles for Midwest, the Sunday magazine of the Chicago Sun-Times. For the never-published WLS Generation, he interviewed The Who, The Monkees, and The Seeds. Moench wrote an article called "23 on the 23rd" a true story about his own 23rd birthday.

• Batman Masters Collection – Set of 120 trading cards, with front art by artists Scott Hampton, Carl Critchlow, Duncan Fegredo, and Dermot Power. The flip sides of the first 90 cards, when read in order, form a storyline in which Batman fakes his own death. The set provides a look at the posthumous feelings of the residents of Gotham City and Arkham Asylum towards the Dark Knight. A special collector's binder was released for the card set. This card set was reprinted as a 208-page coffeetable book entitled Batman Masterpieces. It contains full-page reproductions of the card art opposite the card's text (so one can still follow the story), art concepts (instructions to the artists) and comments by the artist. Additionally, early sketches have been printed for most of the cards.
• Batgirl

To Dare the Darkness – A young-reader novel that was released with the marketing blitz for the Batman & Robin movie, set immediately after the events of the film.

• Bucky O'Hare – Teleplay for one episode.
• Double Dragon – Series bible for the cartoon released by DiC Entertainment.
• The Forensic Files of Batman – A short story collection about how Batman uses clues found at crime scenes to foil the plans of his most famous villains. Each chapter is a different case presented from the notes, journals, and case files of the Batman, Bruce Wayne, Alfred Pennyworth, and Jim Gordon.
• – Story editor and head writer for the 1980s animated series.
• Red Sonja – Original screenplay for the Red Sonja movie. The movie was later rewritten and changed quite a bit from Moench's version.

External links

• • Doug Moench at Mike's Amazing World of Comics
• Moench at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators
• Comic Geek Speak Podcast Interview (September 2005)

Notes and References

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PjYVEbkfvTs Conversation with Doug Moench - Comic Geek Speak - Episode 57
2. Web site: Miller . John Jackson. John Jackson Miller. Comics Industry Birthdays . . June 10, 2005 . Iola, Wisconsin . https://web.archive.org/web/20110218031356/http://cbgxtra.com/knowledge-base/for-your-reference/comics-industry-birthdays . February 18, 2011 . dead. mdy-all.
3. Arndt . Richard J. . May 2017 . The Rising & Advancing Of A Spirit . . Raleigh, North Carolina . . 146 . 3–4.
4. News: Parrish . Kathleen . May 18, 1999 . GUARDIAN OF GOTHAM CITY ALIGHTS ON SOUTH SIDE * ALTER EGO OF BRUCE WAYNE, A.K.A. BATMAN, VISITS BETHLEHEM BATFANS. . . September 5, 2017.
5. Lee, Stan. Ditko, Steve. Ditko, Steve. The Return of the Green Goblin!. The Amazing Spider-Man. 17. October 1964.
6. Book: Sanderson. Peter. Peter Sanderson. Gilbert. Laura, ed.. 1970s. Marvel Chronicle A Year by Year History. Dorling Kindersley. 2008. London, United Kingdom. 154. 978-0756641238. The initial creative team on the series was scripter Gerry Conway and artist Mike Ploog, though they would eventually be succeeded by writer Doug Moench and artist Don Perlin..
7. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 161: "Master of Kung-Fu would later reach its creative peak under the team of writer Doug Moench and artist Paul Gulacy."
8. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 166: "Created by artist Rich Buckler and writer Doug Moench, the original Deathlok was Colonel Luther Manning, a soldier in an alternate, post-apocalyptic future."
9. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 170: "In August [1975], Jack Russell, the Werewolf by Night, encountered a new mysterious enemy called Moon Knight, created by writer Doug Moench and artist Don Perlin."
10. Boney. Alex. Inhuman Nature: Genetics, Social Science, and Superhero Evolution. Back Issue!. 65. 61–64. TwoMorrows Publishing. July 2013. Raleigh, North Carolina.
11. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 174: "In the tradition of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, the prolific writer Doug Moench and artist Mike Ploog created 'Weirdworld'."
12. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 178: "In these stories, written by Doug Moench and drawn by Walter Simonson, the Hulk contended against an invading race of aliens called the Krylorians."
13. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 186: "To appeal to the audience of the popular new Incredible Hulk TV series, Marvel revamped The Rampaging Hulk magazine, calling it The Hulk!"
14. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 180: "In August 1977, Marvel produced comics featuring the most famous monster in Japanese cinema, Godzilla, in a series by writer Doug Moench and penciller Herb Trimpe."
15. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 188: "Writer Doug Moench and artist Herb Trimpe created Shogun Warriors, a Marvel comics series based on a line of Japanese toys imported by Mattel."
16. http://www.comics.org/search/advanced/process/?ind_pub_notes=&letters=&series=&series_notes=&issue_notes=&synopsis=&colors=&isbn=&tracking_notes=&indicia_publisher=&issues=&issue_date=&title=&variant_name=&brand=&feature=&job_number=&pub_name=&is_indexed=None&story_editing=&method=icontains&pub_notes=&inks=&issue_title=&end_date=&format=&brand_notes=&price=&barcode=&volume=&pages=&characters=&genre=&issue_pages=&order2=series&order3=&order1=date&pencils=Paul+Gulacy&target=issue&reprint_notes=&country=us&notes=&is_surrogate=None&issue_count=&issue_editing=&start_date=&script=Doug+Moench&logic=False&indicia_frequency=&page=1 Doug Moench and Paul Gulacy collaborations
17. Book: Daniels, Les. Les Daniels. Marvel: Five Fabulous Decades of the World's Greatest Comics. Harry N. Abrams. 1991. New York, New York. 159. 9780810938212.
18. Web site: Top 10 1970s Marvels . Jason . Sacks . September 6, 2010 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20130102002447/http://www.comicsbulletin.com/columns/447/top-10-1970s-marvels/ . January 2, 2013 . dead . mdy-all. August 3, 2013.
19. Web site: Dynamic Forces Brings "Six From Sirius" Back To Print . May 25, 2004 . . September 5, 2017.
20. https://books.google.com/books?id=_G6qDgAAQBAJ&dq=%22Doug+Moench%22+%22And+then+in+late+August%22+1982&pg=PA54 American Comic Book Chronicles: The 1980s
21. Book: Manning. Matthew K.. Dougall. Alastair, ed.. 1980s. Batman: A Visual History. Dorling Kindersley. 2014. London, United Kingdom. 145. 978-1465424563. When Gerry Conway parted ways with the Caped Crusader, a new regular writer was needed for both titles. That honor fell to Doug Moench..
22. Manning "1980s" in Dougall, p. 146: "Doug Moench and artist Gene Colan introduced readers to the Thief of the Night (later called Nightslayer), a shadowy burglar."
23. Manning "1980s" in Dougall, p. 153: "Writer Doug Moench and artist Tom Mandrake would make an important contribution to the Batman mythos with the villain Black Mask."
24. Manning "1980s" in Dougall, p. 161: "In this start of a three-part story, writer Doug Moench and artist Tom Mandrake introduced the villain Film Freak."
25. Book: Manning. Matthew K.. Dolan. Hannah, ed.. 1980s. DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle. Dorling Kindersley. 2010. London, United Kingdom. 978-0-7566-6742-9. 207.
26. Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 221: "Batman celebrated the 400th issue of his self-titled comic with a blockbuster featuring dozens of famous comic book creators and nearly as many infamous villains. Written by Doug Moench, with an introduction by novelist Stephen King...[it was] drawn by George Pérez, Bill Sienkiewicz, Arthur Adams, Joe Kubert, Brian Bolland, and others."
27. Trumbull. John. A New Beginning...And a Probable End Batman #300 and #400. Back Issue!. 69. 49–53. TwoMorrows Publishing. December 2013. Raleigh, North Carolina.
28. Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 259: "'Knightfall' was a nineteen-part crossover event that passed through the pages of Batman by writer Doug Moench and artists Norm Breyfogle, Jim Aparo, and Mike Manley."
29. Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 260: "By Batman #500, the last chapter of the 'Knightfall' saga by writer Doug Moench and artist Jim Aparo and Mike Manley, Azrael was truly his own [version of] Batman."
30. Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 265
31. Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 272: "In the latest crossover to shake up Batman's universe, a manufactured virus nicknamed 'the Clench' was unleashed on the public of Gotham City...by writers Alan Grant, Chuck Dixon, Denny O'Neil, and Doug Moench."
32. Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 274
33. Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 283: "The seventeen-part 'Cataclysm' storyline showed a Gotham City devastated by an earthquake. It was written by Alan Grant, Chuck Dixon, Doug Moench, Dennis O'Neil, [and others]."
34. Web site: 1987 And All That: The Spectre #1-9 . Derman . Matt . August 6, 2015 . Comic Book Resources . September 5, 2017.
35. Greenberger. Robert. Robert Greenberger. It Sounded Like a Good Idea at the Time: A Look at the DC Challenge!. Back Issue!. 98. 37. TwoMorrows Publishing. August 2017. Raleigh, North Carolina.
36. Powers. Tom. Does Doug Moench Still Dream of Electric Warrior?. Back Issue!. 98. 50–59. TwoMorrows Publishing. August 2017. Raleigh, North Carolina.
37. Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 251: "Written by Batman alumnus Doug Moench, and illustrated with the shadowy pencils of Kelley Jones, Red Rain chronicled the clash between Batman and the legendary Dracula."
38. Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 267: "Fans were also treated to a companion special entitled Batman-Spawn...by writers Doug Moench, Chuck Dixon, and Alan Grant, and artist Klaus Janson."
39. Powers . Thomas . August 2018 . INTERVIEW: Doug Moench and the Spectre . Back Issue! . Raleigh, North Carolina . TwoMorrows Publishing . 106 . 60.
40. Web site: Eagle Awards 1977 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20120404034513/http://www.eagleawards.co.uk/category/previous-winners/1977/ . April 4, 2012 . dead. mdy-all.
41. Web site: Inkpot Award Winners . Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. https://web.archive.org/web/20120709055558/http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/inkpot.php. July 9, 2012. live. mdy-all.
42. Web site: 1997 Haxtur Awards. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. https://web.archive.org/web/20120318152358/http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/haxtur97.php. March 18, 2012. live. mdy-all.