Francis Pym Explained

Honorific-Prefix:The Right Honourable
The Lord Pym
Office:Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
Primeminister:Margaret Thatcher
Term Start:6 April 1982
Term End:11 June 1983
Predecessor:The Lord Carrington
Successor:Geoffrey Howe
Office1:Lord President of the Council
Primeminister1:Margaret Thatcher
Term Start1:14 September 1981
Term End1:5 April 1982
Predecessor1:The Lord Soames
Successor1:John Biffen
Office2:Leader of the House of Commons
Primeminister2:Margaret Thatcher
Term Start2:5 January 1981
Term End2:5 April 1982
Predecessor2:Norman St John-Stevas
Successor2:John Biffen
Office3:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
Primeminister3:Margaret Thatcher
Term Start3:5 January 1981
Term End3:14 September 1981
Predecessor3:Norman St John-Stevas
Successor3:The Baroness Young
Office4:Paymaster General
Primeminister4:Margaret Thatcher
Term Start4:5 January 1981
Term End4:14 September 1981
Predecessor4:Angus Maude
Successor4:Cecil Parkinson
Office5:Secretary of State for Defence
Primeminister5:Margaret Thatcher
Term Start5:4 May 1979
Term End5:5 January 1981
Predecessor5:Fred Mulley
Successor5:John Nott
Office6:Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
Primeminister6:Edward Heath
Term Start6:2 December 1973
Term End6:4 March 1974
Predecessor6:William Whitelaw
Successor6:Merlyn Rees
Primeminister7:Edward Heath
Term Start7:19 June 1970
Term End7:2 December 1973
Predecessor7:Bob Mellish
Successor7:Humphrey Atkins
Embed:yes
Office:Shadow Foreign Secretary
Leader:Margaret Thatcher
Term Start:6 November 1978
Term End:4 May 1979
Predecessor:John Davies
Successor:Peter Shore
Office1:Shadow Leader of the House of Commons
Leader1:Margaret Thatcher
Term Start1:19 November 1976
Term End1:6 November 1978
Predecessor1:John Peyton
Successor1:Norman St John-Stevas
Office2:Shadow Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
Term Start2:4 March 1974
Term End2:19 November 1976
Predecessor2:Norman Buchan
Successor2:Michael Jopling
Office3:Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
Leader3:Edward Heath
Term Start3:4 March 1974
Term End3:29 October 1974
Predecessor3:Merlyn Rees
Successor3:Ian Gilmour
Embed:yes
Office:Member of the House of Lords
Status:Lord Temporal
Term Label:Life peerage
Term Start:9 October 1987
Term End:7 March 2008
Parliament1:United Kingdom
Constituency Mp1:South East Cambridgeshire
Term Start1:9 June 1983
Term End1:18 May 1987
Predecessor1:New constituency
Successor1:Jim Paice
Constituency Mp2:Cambridgeshire
Term Start2:17 March 1961
Term End2:13 May 1983
Predecessor2:Gerald Howard
Successor2:Constituency abolished
Birth Name:Francis Leslie Pym
Birth Date:13 February 1922
Birth Place:Abergavenny, Wales
Death Place:Sandy, Bedfordshire, England
Party:Conservative
Children:4
Parents:Leslie Pym (father)
Education:Eton College
Alma Mater:Magdalene College, Cambridge

Francis Leslie Pym, Baron Pym, (13 February 1922 – 7 March 2008) was a British Conservative Party politician who served in various Cabinet positions in the 1970s and 1980s, including Foreign, Defence and Northern Ireland Secretary, and Leader of the House of Commons. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Cambridgeshire (South East Cambridgeshire after 1983) from 1961 to 1987. Pym was made a life peer in 1987.

Early life

Pym was born at Penpergwm Lodge, near Abergavenny in Monmouthshire. His father, Leslie Pym, was also an MP, while his grandfather, the Rt Revd Walter Pym, was Bishop of Bombay. He was not a direct descendant of the 17th-century parliamentarian John Pym as has been commonly held (see Pym's own published family history), but a collateral descendant.

He was educated at Eton, before going on to Magdalene College, Cambridge. For much of the Second World War, Pym served in North Africa and Italy as a captain and regimental adjutant in the 9th Lancers. He was mentioned in despatches twice, awarded the Military Cross, and ended his military service as a major. Pym was a managing director and landowner before he went into politics.

Political career

Pym entered politics as a member of Herefordshire County Council in 1958. He contested Rhondda West without success in 1959 and entered Parliament in 1961 at a by-election as MP for Cambridgeshire. He held the seat until 1983, and thereafter was MP for South East Cambridgeshire until 1987. He was an opposition whip from 1964 and served under Edward Heath as Government Chief Whip (1970–1973) and Northern Ireland Secretary (1973–1974), and Margaret Thatcher as Defence Secretary (1979–1981), Leader of the House of Commons and Lord President of the Council (1981–1982). He became foreign secretary during the Falklands War in 1982 following Lord Carrington's resignation, but was removed by Thatcher the following year after her second election victory.

Pym was a leading member of the "wets", Conservative MPs sceptical of Thatcherism. During the 1983 general election campaign he said on the BBC's Question Time that "Landslides don't on the whole produce successful governments".[1] This was publicly repudiated by Thatcher and he was sacked after the election. Shortly afterwards, he launched a pressure group called Conservative Centre Forward to argue for more centrist, one-nation policies but with Thatcher at the height of her powers, it was unsuccessful. He stood down at the 1987 election and was created a life peer as Baron Pym (of Sandy in the County of Bedfordshire) on 9 October 1987.

He was the author of plain., published in 1984 after he left the government. The book is a guide to the Wets' opposition to Thatcher's leadership style and politics.

He was portrayed by Jeremy Child in the 2002 BBC production of Ian Curteis's The Falklands Play, by Julian Wadham in the 2011 film The Iron Lady and by Guy Siner in the fourth series of The Crown.

Personal life

Pym died in Sandy, Bedfordshire, on 7 March 2008 after a prolonged illness, aged 86.[2] He was survived by his wife, Valerie (1929–2017),[3] whom he married on 25 June 1949, and their four children.[4]

Arms

Escutcheon:Quarterly, 1st and 4th Sable on a fesse engrailed between three owls Or a trefoil slipped Vert between two cross crosslets of the first all within a bordure of the second (Pym); 2nd Vert on a cross engrailed Ermine a lion rampant reguardant Sable in the dexter canton a mullet Or (Kingsley); 3rd Sable three salmon haurient per pale Argent and Or (Orde).
Crest:Upon a mount Vert a hind's head erased Or gorged with a collar nebuly Azure and holding in the mouth a trefoil slipped Vert.
Supporters:Dexter, rampant upon a sandy mount with tussocks of grass Proper a warhorse in trian aspect Sable mane tail and hooves Or on its head a chanfron and on the neck a crinet both Argent gorged with a double chain pendent therefrom a portcullis Gold; sinister, rampant upon a like mount a bull in trian aspect Sable armed and unguled Or also gorged with a double chain and pendent therefrom a portcullis Gold.
Motto:Ubi Seritur Ibi Floreat[5]

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Thatcher's Class of '79 . BBC News . 3 December 2019.
  2. Web site: Former foreign secretary Pym dies. 7 March 2008. BBC News . 3 December 2019.
  3. Web site: Valerie Fortune (Daglish) PYM . . 3 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190308081539/http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/thetimes-uk/obituary.aspx?n=valerie-fortune-pym-daglish&pid=184370371& . 8 March 2019 . bot: unknown .
  4. Web site: Obituary: Francis Pym. Andrew. Roth. Andrew Roth. 7 March 2008. The Guardian . 3 December 2019.
  5. Book: Burke's Peerage . Burke's Peerage . 2000 .