Long March 1 Explained
Long March 1
Changzheng-1 (CZ-1) |
| Upright: | 0.4 Seventh Ministry of Machinery Industry
|
| Manufacturer: | MAI, CASC, CAST |
| Country-Origin: | China |
| Stages: | 3 |
| Capacities: | |
| Family: | Long March |
| Status: | Retired |
| Sites: | Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center |
| Launches: | 2 |
| Success: | 2 |
| First: | 24 April 1970 |
| Last: | 3 March 1971 |
| Payloads: | Dong Fang Hong I |
| Stagedata: | | Type: | stage | | Stageno: | First | | | Engines: | 1 YF-2A (4 x YF-1A) | | Thrust: | (sea level)
(vacuum level) | | Si: | (sea level)
(vacuum level) | | Burntime: | About 130 seconds [1] | | Fuel: | UDMH/AK27S[2] |
| Type: | stage | | Stageno: | Second | | | Burntime: | About 126 seconds |
| Type: | stage | | Stageno: | Third | | Solid: | yes | | FG-02 | | Burntime: | 38 seconds |
|
The Long March 1 (长征一号), also known as the Changzheng-1 (CZ-1),[3] was the first member of China's Long March rocket family.[4] Like the U.S.'s and the Soviet Union's first rockets, it was based on a class of ballistic missiles, namely the DF-4 class.[5]
History
Development started in January 1965 as the Seventh Ministry of Machinery Industry issued a design task. The two stage liquid fueled DF-4 was modified by adding a third stage in order to make it to the desired orbit. Long March 1's second flight launched China's first satellite Dong Fang Hong 1 to space on 24 April 1970. The rocket was operational during 1970–1971. Wang Xiji was the chief designer of the rocket.[6]
Launch History
See main article: List of Long March launches.
style="text-align:center; background:#BBB"| Date and time (GMT) | Launch site | Payload | Orbit | Function | Decay | Outcome | Notes |
24 April 1970
13:35 | Jiuquan, LA-2A | Dong Fang Hong 1 | MEO | | 14 May 1970 | | First satellite launched by China. |
3 March 1971
12:15 | Jiuquan, LA-2A | Shijian 1 | LEO | Technology demonstration | nowrap style="text-align:right;" | 17 June 1979 | | |
|
See also
- DF-4 - ICBM on which this rocket is based
- Long March 1D - Other member of this rocket family
- YF-2A - Main propulsion module
- FG-02 - Upper stage
Notes and References
- Web site: Space Launchers - Long March. 21 April 2015. 8 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230408072844/http://www.braeunig.us/space/specs/lgmarch.htm. live.
- Web site: Go Taikonauts! - Launch Vehicle. https://web.archive.org/web/20091027100730/http://geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Launchpad/1921/launch.htm. 27 October 2009. 21 April 2015.
- Web site: CZ-1. Astronautix.com. 21 April 2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20080516211620/http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/cz1.htm. 16 May 2008.
- Book: 问鼎苍穹：共和国航天纪实. 江苏文艺出版社. 2009. 978-7-5399-3457-0. 中国南京. 128.
- Web site: Long March. 2020-12-16. Encyclopedia Britannica. 23 March 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210323202121/https://www.britannica.com/technology/Chang-Zheng. live.
- Book: Stokes, Mark A.. The Lessons of History: The Chinese people's Liberation Army at 75. July 2003. Strategic Studies Institute. 978-1-58487-126-2. Laurie Burkitt. 235. The People's Liberation Army and China's Space and Missile Development. Andrew Scobell. Larry Wortzel. Larry Wortzel. 2 December 2023. 27 February 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230227231439/https://ssi.armywarcollege.edu/pdffiles/PUB52.pdf. dead.
