Lockheed Martin A2100 Explained

The A2100 is a model of communications satellite spacecraft made by Lockheed Martin Space Systems. It is used as the foundation for telecommunications payloads in geosynchronous orbit, as well as GOES-R weather satellites and GPS Block IIIA satellites. Over 40 satellites use the A2100 bus.[1] [2]

History

The first satellite, AMC-1, was launched September 8, 1996, and has achieved 15-year on-orbit service life.[3] [4] Since 1996 there have been over 45 of the A2100 based satellites launched, with over 400 years of total on-orbit service.[5] Other A2100 spacecraft include JCSAT-13 and VINASAT-2, which were launched May, 2012 on an Ariane 5 rocket,[6] as well as Arabsat-6A and Hellas Sat 4/SaudiGeoSat-1 of Saudi Arabia's Arabsat-6G program.[7]

In 2002, Lockheed Martin Commercial Space Systems was given a Frost and Sullivan Satellite Reliability Award for excellence in the production of flexible and reliable communications satellites used in geosynchronous Earth orbit.[8]

A2100 customers includes communications companies around the world, including Astra, Telesat, SKY Perfect JSAT Group and others.

Design

The Lockheed Martin A2100 geosynchronous spacecraft series is designed for a variety of telecommunications needs including Ka band broadband and broadcast services, fixed satellite services in C-band and Ku band payload configurations, high-power direct broadcast services using the Ku band frequency spectrum, and mobile satellite services using UHF, L-band and S-band payloads.[9]

The A2100 satellite system was developed by the Astro Space team at its East Windsor, New Jersey facility, with team members delivering a flexible common bus with fewer components, lower spacecraft weight, and reduced customer delivery time.[10]

The A2100 is being supplanted by the LM2100, an evolutionary upgrade with several new features. The military version is the LM2100 Combat Bus.[11]

Propulsion system

The attitude control system includes reaction wheels,[12] with momentum desaturation and main motor maneuver attitude control propulsion provided by small monopropellant hydrazine motors. This hydrazine supply is contained in a central propellant tank of 0.90 m diameter and up to 2.00 m length depending on the customer's requirements.[13] This tank's maximum length was later increased to 2.55 m.[14] The liquid apogee engine uses hydrazine fuel from the central tank along with nitrogen tetroxide oxidizer from two flanking tanks of 0.54 m diameter and up to 1.65 m long.[15] Orbit maintenance is performed by the small hydrazine motors and ion thrusters.[16] The maximum propellant supply (with the largest tanks at 95% fill factor) are 1368 kg of hydrazine fuel and 627 kg of nitrogen tetroxide oxidizer.

According to Moog-ISP, the A2100 platform uses its LEROS bipropellant Liquid Apogee Engine.

Satellite orders

A2100A

|-! Satellite! Country! Operator! Type! Coverage ! Launch date (UTC) ! Rocket!width="200pt"| Changes! Status |-|GE-1|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting|24 C-band, 24 Ku-band||Atlas IIA|Known as AMC 1|Active|-|GE-2|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting|24 C-band, 24 Ku-band||Ariane-44L|Known as AMC 2|Retired|-|GE-3|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting|24 C-band, 24 Ku-band||Atlas IIAS|Known as Eagle 1|Active|-|GE-7|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting|24 C-band||Ariane 5G|Known as AMC 7|Retired|-|GE-8|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting|24 C-band||Ariane 5G|Known as AMC 8 (Aurora 3)|Active|-|GE-10|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting|24 C-band||Atlas IIAS||Retired|-|GE-11|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting|24 C-band||Atlas IIAS||Active|-|GE-18|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting|24 C-band||Ariane 5 ECA||Active|-|BSAT-3a|Japan|BSAT Corp|Television broadcasting|12 Ku-band||Ariane 5 ECA||Active|-|BSAT-3b|Japan|BSAT Corp|Television broadcasting|12 Ku-band||Ariane 5 ECA||Active|-|BSAT-3c|Japan|BSAT Corp|Television broadcasting|24 Ku-band||Ariane 5 ECA||Active|-|GOES-R|United States|NOAA|Meteorology|||Atlas V 541|Known as GOES 16|Active|-|GOES-S|United States|NOAA|Meteorology|||Atlas V 541|Known as GOES 17|Active|-|GOES-T|United States|NOAA|Meteorology|||Atlas V 541|Known as GOES 18|Active|-|GOES-U|United States|NOAA|Meteorology|||Falcon Heavy||Awaiting launch|-|ABS-7|Bermuda|ABS|Television broadcasting|24 Ku-band, 6 Ka-band||Ariane-42P|Known as ABS 7|Inclined|-|Nemesis 1|United States|National Reconnaissance Office|SIGINT, COMINT|||Atlas V 401|Known as PAN, PAN360, USA 207|Active|-|Nemesis 2|United States|National Reconnaissance Office|SIGINT, COMINT|||Atlas V 401|Known as CLIO, USA 257|Active|-|Telkom 1|Indonesia|Telkom Indonesia|Communications|24 C-band||Ariane-42P||Retired|-|Vinasat-1|Vietnam|VNPT|Communications|8 C-band, 12 Ku-band||Ariane 5 ECA||Active|-|Vinasat-2|Vietnam|VNPT|Communications|24 Ku-band||Ariane 5 ECA||Active|-|Zhongwei 1|China|China Satcom|Communications|18 C-band, 20 Ku-band||Long March 3B|Known as APStar 9A|Retired|-|}

A2100AX

|-! Satellite! Country! Operator! Type! Coverage ! Launch date (UTC) ! Rocket!width="200pt"| Changes! Status |-|EchoStar 3|United States|EchoStar|Television broadcasting|32 Ku-band||Atlas IIAS||Retired|-|EchoStar 4|United States|EchoStar|Television broadcasting|32 Ku-band||Proton-K Blok-DM3||Retired|-|EchoStar 7|United States|EchoStar|Television broadcasting|32 Ku-band||Atlas IIIB-DEC||Retired|-|GE 1A|United States|SES Americom|Communications|28 Ku-band||Proton-K Blok-DM3|Known as NSS 11|Active|-|GE 4|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting & satellite internet|24 C-band, 24 Ku-band||Ariane-44LP|Known as AMC 4|Active|-|GE 6|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting & satellite internet|24 C-band, 24 Ku-band||Proton-K Blok-DM3|Known as AMC 6 (Rainbow 2)|Active|-|LMI 1|Bermuda|ABS|Television broadcasting & satellite internet|28 C-band, 16 Ku-band||Proton-K Blok-DM3|Known as ABS 6|Active|-|Nimiq 1|Canada|Telesat|Satellite internet|32 Ku-band||Proton-K Blok-DM3||Active|-|Nimiq 2|Canada|Telesat|Satellite internet|32 Ku-band||Proton-M||Active|-|N-SAT 110|Japan|SKY Perfect JSAT|Satellite internet|24 Ku-band||Ariane-42L|Known as Superbird 5|Retired|-|}

A2100AXS

|-! Satellite! Country! Operator! Type! Coverage ! Launch date (UTC) ! Rocket!width="200pt"| Changes! Status |-|AMC-14|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting|32 Ku-band||Proton-M Phase 1||Active|-|AMC-15|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting|24 Ku-band, 12 Ka-band||Proton-M Phase 1||Active|-|AMC-16|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting|24 Ku-band, 12 Ka-band||Proton-M Phase 1||Retired|-|Astra 1KR|Luxembourg|SES|Television broadcasting|32 Ku-band||Atlas V 431||Active|-|Astra 1L|Luxembourg|SES|Television broadcasting|29 Ku-band, 2 Ka-band||Ariane 5 ECA||Active|-|EchoStar 10|United States|EchoStar|Television broadcasting|42 Ku-band||Zenit-3SL||Active|-|JCSat 9|Japan|SKY Perfect JSAT|Communications|20 C-band, 20 Ku-band, 1 S-band||Zenit-3SL|Known as JCSat 5A|Active|-|JCSat 10|Japan|SKY Perfect JSAT|Communications|12 C-band, 30 Ku-band||Ariane 5 ECA|Known as JCSat 3A|Active|-|JCSAT-11|Japan|SKY Perfect JSAT|Communications|12 C-band, 30 Ku-band||Proton-M Phase 1||Launch failure|-|JCSat 12|Japan|SKY Perfect JSAT|Communications|12 C-band, 30 Ku-band||Ariane 5 ECA|Known as JCSat RA|Active|-|JCSat 13|Japan|SKY Perfect JSAT|Communications|44 Ku-band||Ariane 5 ECA|Known as JCSat 4B|Active|-|NSS-6|Netherlands|SES|Satellite internet|50 Ku-band||Ariane 44L||Active|-|NSS-7|Netherlands|SES|Satellite internet|36 C-band, 36 Ku-band||Ariane 44L||Retired|-|Rainbow-1|United States|EchoStar|Television broadcasting|36 Ku-band||Atlas V 521|Known as EchoStar 12|Retired|-|Sirius 4 (Astra 4A)|Sweden|SES Sirius|Communications|52 Ku-band, 2 Ka-band||Proton-M Phase 1||Active|-|Garuda 1|Indonesia|Asoa Cellular Satellite|Mobile communications|88 L-band||Proton-K Blok-DM3||Active|-|}

A2100M (Military)

|-! Satellite! Country! Operator! Type! Coverage ! Launch date (UTC) ! Rocket!width="200pt"| Changes! Status |-|AEHF 1|United States|Air Force Space Command|Military communications|||Atlas V 531|Known as USA 214|Active|-|AEHF 2|United States|Air Force Space Command|Military communications|||Atlas V 531|Known as USA 235|Active|-|AEHF 3|United States|Air Force Space Command|Military communications|||Atlas V 531|Known as USA 246|Active|-|AEHF 4|United States|Air Force Space Command|Military communications|||Atlas V 551|Known as USA 288|Active|-|AEHF 5|United States|Air Force Space Command|Military communications|||Atlas V 551|Known as USA 292|Active|-|AEHF 6|United States|Air Force Space Command|Military communications|||Atlas V 551|Known as USA 298|Active|-|MUOS 1|United States|United States Navy|Military communications|||Atlas V 551||Active|-|MUOS 2|United States|United States Navy|Military communications|||Atlas V 551||Active|-|MUOS 3|United States|United States Navy|Military communications|||Atlas V 551||Active|-|MUOS 4|United States|United States Navy|Military communications|||Atlas V 551||Active|-|MUOS 5|United States|United States Navy|Military communications|||Atlas V 551||Active|-|GPS-3 1|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||Falcon 9|Known as Navstar 77, USA 289, Vespucci|Active|-|GPS-3 2|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||Delta IV M+ (4,2)|Known as Navstar 78, USA 293, Magellan|Active|-|GPS-3 3|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||Falcon 9|Known as Navstar 79, USA 304, Columbus|Active|-|GPS-3 4|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||Falcon 9|Known as Navstar 80, USA 309, Sacagawea|Active|-|GPS-3 5|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||Falcon 9|Known as Navstar 81, USA 320, Neil Armstrong|Active|-|GPS-3 6|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||Falcon 9|Known as Navstar 82, USA 343, Amelia Earhart|Active|-|GPS-3 7|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||Vulcan Centaur||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3 8|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||Vulcan Centaur||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3 9|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||Vulcan Centaur||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3 10|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||Falcon 9||Awaiting launch|-|SBIRS GEO 1|United States|Air Force Space Command|Early warning|2 SBIRS sensors||Atlas V 401|Known as USA 230|Active|-|SBIRS GEO 2|United States|Air Force Space Command|Early warning|2 SBIRS sensors||Atlas V 401|Known as USA 241|Active|-|SBIRS GEO 3|United States|Air Force Space Command|Early warning|2 SBIRS sensors||Atlas V 401|Known as USA 273|Active|-|SBIRS GEO 4|United States|Air Force Space Command|Early warning|2 SBIRS sensors||Atlas V 411|Known as USA 282|Active|-|}

LM2100 (Modernized)

|-! Satellite! Country! Operator! Type! Coverage ! Launch date (UTC) ! Rocket!width="200pt"| Changes! Status |-|Arabsat-6A|Saudi Arabia|Arabsat|Communications|||Falcon Heavy||Active|-|SaudiGeoSat-1/HellasSat-4|Saudi Arabia, Greece|Arabsat, Hellas Sat|Communications|Ku-band, Ka-band||Ariane 5 ECA||Active|-|JCSAT-17|Japan|SKY Perfect JSAT|Mobile communications|S-band||Ariane 5 ECA||Active|-|}

LM2100M (Modernized Military)

|-! Satellite! Country! Operator! Type! Coverage ! Launch date (UTC) ! Rocket!width="200pt"| Changes! Status |-|NG-OPIR-GEO 1|United States|Air Force Space Command|Early warning|2 NG-OPIR sensors||Vulcan Centaur||Awaiting launch|-|NG-OPIR-GEO 2|United States|Air Force Space Command|Early warning|2 NG-OPIR sensors||||Awaiting launch|-|NG-OPIR-GEO 3|United States|Air Force Space Command|Early warning|2 NG-OPIR sensors||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 1|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||Falcon Heavy||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 2|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 3|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 4|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 5|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 6|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 7|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 8|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 9|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 10|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 11|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 12|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 13|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 14|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 15|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 16|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 17|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 18|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 19|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 20|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 21|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|GPS-3F 22|United States|Air Force Space Command|Navigation|||||Awaiting launch|-|SBIRS GEO 5|United States|Air Force Space Command|Early warning|2 SBIRS sensors||Atlas V 421|Known as USA 315|Active|-|SBIRS GEO 6|United States|Air Force Space Command|Early warning|2 SBIRS sensors||Atlas V 421||Active|-|}

Cancelled orders

|-! Satellite! Country! Operator! Type! Coverage |-|GE-9|United States|SES Americom|Television broadcasting|24 C-band|-|Jabiru 1|Australia |NewSat Corporation|Communications|50 Ka-band, 18 Ku-band, 1 S-band|-|Rainbow KA-1|United States|Cablevision|Television broadcasting|Ka-band|-|Rainbow KA-2|United States|Cablevision|Television broadcasting|Ka-band|-|Rainbow KA-3|United States|Cablevision|Television broadcasting|Ka-band|-|Rainbow KA-4|United States|Cablevision|Television broadcasting|Ka-band|-|Rainbow KA-5|United States|Cablevision|Television broadcasting|Ka-band|-|Agrani 1|India|Agrani|Mobile communications||-|Garuda 2|Indonesia|Asia Cellular Satellite|Mobile communications|88 L-band|-|Astrolink 1|United States|Astrolink|Mobile communications|Ka-band|-|Astrolink 2|United States|Astrolink|Mobile communications|Ka-band|-|Astrolink 3|United States|Astrolink|Mobile communications|Ka-band|-|Astrolink 4|United States|Astrolink|Mobile communications|Ka-band|-||SBIRS GEO 7|United States|Air Force Space Command|Early warning|2 SBIRS sensors|-||SBIRS GEO 8|United States|Air Force Space Command|Early warning|2 SBIRS sensors|-|}

Notes and References

  1. http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/100years/stories/a2100.html "Lockheed Martin: A2100"
  2. Web site: 2017-08-11. Lockheed Martin's A2100 bus modernized and poised for new missions. 2021-06-14. SpaceFlight Insider. en-US.
  3. Web site: First Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Communications Satellite Marks 15 Years of On-Orbit Operations. 2021-06-14. Media - Lockheed Martin. en-us.
  4. Web site: September 21, 2011. First Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Communications Satellite Marks 15 Years of On-Orbit Operations. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20140610052229/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-268147969.html. June 10, 2014. Defense & Aerospace Week . HighBeam. November 12, 2013.
  5. http://www.satellitetoday.com/publications/press-releases/2013/09/03/lockheed-martin-built-a2100-satellites-over-400-cumulative-years-in-orbit-and-counting/ "Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Satellites: Over 400 Cumulative Years In Orbit And Counting"
  6. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2012/05/ariane-5-eca-jcsat-13-and-vinasat-2-into-orbit/ "Ariane 5 ECA launches JCSAT-13 and VINASAT-2 into orbit"
  7. https://news.lockheedmartin.com/2018-02-20-Lockheed-Martin-Completes-Assembly-on-Arabsats-Newest-Communications-Satellite Lockheed Martin Completes Assembly on Arabsat's Newest Communications Satellite
  8. http://www.frost.com/prod/servlet/press-release.pag?Src=RSS&docid=3434349 "Frost & Sullivan Award
  9. http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/products/a2100.html "Lockheed Martin: A2100"
  10. http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/100years/stories/a2100.html "A2100 History"
  11. Web site: Hitchens. Theresa. 2021-05-17. New SBIRS Sat Creates Bridge To Next-Gen Missile Warning. 2021-06-14. Breaking Defense. en-US.
  12. http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/gps-iii-military-satellite/ "Global Positioning System III overview and contractors"
  13. http://psi-pci.com/Data_Sheets_Library/DS395.pdf "ATK SSI P/N 80395-1 Datasheet"
  14. http://psi-pci.com/Data_Sheets_Library/DS443.pdf "ATK SSI P/N 80443-1
  15. http://psi-pci.com/Data_Sheets_Library/DS405.pdf "ATK SSI P/N 80405-1 Datasheet"
  16. http://www.satellitetoday.com/publications/press-releases/2013/09/03/lockheed-martin-built-a2100-satellites-over-400-cumulative-years-in-orbit-and-counting/ "Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Satellites: Over 400 Cumulative Years In Orbit And Counting"

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