Subdivisions of Egypt explained

Egypt is divided, for the purpose of public administration, according to a three-layer hierarchy and some districts are further subdivided, creating an occasional fourth layer. It has a centralized system of local government officially called local administration as it is a branch of the Executive.^[1]

The top-level of the hierarchy are 27 governorates (singular: محافظة , plural: Arabic: محافظات ).^[2] A governorate is administered by a governor, who is appointed by the President of Egypt and serves at the president's discretion. Governors have the civilian rank of minister and report directly to the prime minister, who chairs the Board of Governors (maglis al-muhafzin) and meets with them on a regular basis.^{[3] [4]} The Minister of Local Development coordinates the governors and their governorate's budgets.^[5]

The second-level, beneath and within governorates, are marakiz (singular: Arabic: مركز , plural: Arabic: مراكز ) or aqsam (singular: قسم qism, plural: أقسام ). The third-level is composed of districts (singular: حي , plural: أحياء) and villages (singular: قرية , plural: Arabic: قرى ). There is a governing structure at each of these levels.^{[6] [7]} Districts may be further divided into sub-districts as a fourth level.

There are also seven economic regions used for planning purposes, defined by the General Organization for Physical Planning (GOPP).

Overview

Egypt generally has three tiers of local administration units as per Article 1 of the Local Administration Law where each unit has an appointed head, and one economic level that does not have any administrative duties:^[8]

0. Economic regions (non administrative, comprising governorates)

1. Governorates, in some cases city-governorates where the governor is also the head of the city.
2. Markaz (county, pl. marakiz) and city (as capital) where head of markaz is head of the city, or independent city (madina, usually large cities e.g. Giza, Shubra al-Kheima).
3. Districts (ahyaa, singl. hayy, subdivisions of cities) and main villages (subdivisions of marakiz).

• For policing and census purposes districts are covered by a qism (police ward), or more.
• Shiakha (census block, urban), are non-administrative subdivisions of districts/qisms. While main villages may have smaller affiliated villages/hamlets (qarya tabi'a, izba, nag'a).

In addition to these tiers are New Urban Communities, which are satellite cities that are built and operated by the national level New Urban Communities Authority (NUCA). Its chairman, the Minister of Housing, Utilities and Urban Communities issues planning permits and oversees the communities, while the appointed city agency heads issue building permits and run the day-to-day affairs of functioning towns.^[9] These 'cities' are represented in the local administration hierarchy as qisms affiliated to the nearest city proper (See for example Badr, Shorouk and New Cairo). While NUCA is legally obliged to transfer these communities to mainstream local administration once they are developed, none have been since its inception in 1979. The other exception are new villages built by the Ministry of Agriculture's General Authority for Rehabilitation Projects and Agricultural Development (GARPAD) in its desert land reclamation schemes, which are initially under its jurisdiction and should eventually be transferred to local authorities.^[10]

At the highest tier, there are three city-state governorates, Cairo, Port Said, and Suez, where the governor is also head of the city and lower units are 100% urban. Alexandria is a quasi -city-state also with a merged city-governorate unit, though with one rural county (markaz). The other 23 governorates are formed of counties (marakiz, sing. markaz) composed of one city acting as the local administrative capital, overseeing other smaller cities (actually towns) as well as rural units (al-wihdat al-rifiyah) that are villages.^[11] The county-city heads (raies markaz wa madina) are appointed by the governor, where one county-city serves as the governorate capital and seat of the governor.

Two new governorates were created in April 2008: Helwan and 6th of October.^[12] In April 2011, however, the 6th of October and Helwan governorates were again incorporated into the Giza and Cairo Governorates, respectively.^[13] Luxor was created in December 2009, to be the 29th governorate of Egypt, but with the abolition of the 6th of October and Helwan governorates, the number of governorates has decreased to 27.^[14]

History

Before the 1952 Egyptian revolution, state penetration of the rural areas was limited by the power of local notables. Under Nasser, land reform reduced those notables' socioeconomic dominance, and the peasants were incorporated into cooperatives which transferred mass dependence from landlords to the government. The extension of officials into the countryside permitted the regime to bring development and services to the village. The local branches of the ruling party, the Arab Socialist Union (ASU), fostered a certain peasant political activism and coopted the local notables — in particular the village headmen — and checked their independence from the regime.^[15]

State penetration did not retreat under Sadat and Mubarak. The earlier effort to mobilize peasants and deliver services disappeared as the local party and cooperative withered, but administrative controls over the peasants remained intact. The local power of the old families and the headmen revived but more at the expense of peasants than of the state. The district police station balanced the notables, and the system of local government (the mayor and council) integrated them into the regime.

Until 1979, local government enjoyed limited power in Egypt's highly centralized state. Under the central government, there were twenty-six governorates (27 today), which were subdivided into counties (In Arabic: مركز "center", plural: Arabic: مراكز

), each of which was further subdivided into towns or villages. At each level, there was a governing structure that combined representative councils and government-appointed executive organs headed by governors, district officers, and mayors, respectively. Governors were appointed by the president, and they, in turn, appointed subordinate executive officers. The coercive backbone of the state apparatus ran downward from the Ministry of Interior through the governors' executive organs to the district police station and the village headman.

Sadat took several measures to administratively decentralize power to the provinces and towns, with limited fiscal and almost no political decentralisation. Governors acquired more authority under Law 43/1979, which reduced the administrative and budgetary controls of the central government over the provinces. The elected councils acquired, at least formally, the right to approve or disapprove the local budget. In an effort to reduce local demands on the central treasury, local government was given wider powers to raise local taxes. Local representative councils became vehicles of pressure for government spending, and the soaring deficits of local government bodies had to be covered by the central government. Local government was encouraged to enter into joint ventures with private investors, and these ventures stimulated an alliance between government officials and the local rich that paralleled the infitah alliance at the national level.

Under president Hosni Mubarak's rule (1981-2011), some scholars believed decentralization and local autonomy was achieved, and local policies often reflected special local conditions. Thus, officials in Upper Egypt often bowed to the powerful Islamic movement there, while those in the port cities struck alliances with importers." However, others found local governance proved impotent, with parliamentarians reduced to the roles of local councillors, lobbying at the parliamentary level for basic local services, while the elected Local Popular Councils (LPC) had a parallel ceremonial role to the appointed Local Executive Councils (LEC) that managed the local departments.^[16] Elections of the LPCs have also been observed to be fraudulent where the ruling National Democratic Party NDP won 95 percent of local council seats during the last election in 2008, and 84 percent of the seats were walkovers.^[17]

After Mubarak was deposed by the popular uprising of January 2011, parliament and local councils were dissolved pending the writing of a new constitution. The short-lived 2012 constitution and the current 2014 version gave wider local power through more decentralization.^[4] However, till the end of 2022, it has not been implemented as the government has drawn out the process of drafting a new local administration law leaving LPC seats vacant for over a decade.^[18]

Governorates

Egypt is divided into 27 governorates (muhāfazāt) and each has a capital and at least one city.^[19] Each governorate is administered by a governor, who is appointed by the President of Egypt and serves at the president's discretion. Most governorates have a population density of more than one thousand per km², while the three largest have a population density of less than two per km².^[20] The governorates of Egypt are:

Name!colspan=2

Area	Population (November 2023 estimate)	Density (November 2023)		Capital
km^2		sq mi	per km^2		per sq mi
Alexandria	2300disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	5,703,824	23042disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Alexandria
Aswan	62726disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	1,698,201	244disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Aswan
Asyut	25926disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	5,071,485	1769disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Asyut
Beheira	9826disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	6,940,234	6518disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Damanhur
Beni Suef	10954disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	3,618,395	3002disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Beni Suef
Cairo	3085disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	10,456,284	317731disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Cairo
Dakahlia	3538disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	7,058,212	18879disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Mansoura
Damietta	910disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	2,023,380	16913disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Damietta
Faiyum	6068disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	4,141,222	6177disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Faiyum
Gharbia	1942disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	5,483,000	26501disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Tanta
Giza	13184disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	9,534,283	6762disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Giza
Ismailia	5067disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	1,482,999	2669disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Ismailia
Kafr El Sheikh	3467disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	3,731,540	10032disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Kafr El Sheikh
Luxor	460disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	1,429,385	5380disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Luxor
Matrouh	166563disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	580,304	28disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Marsa Matruh
Minya	32279disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	6,332,918	1780disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Minya
Monufia	2499disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	4,743,341	17774disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Shibin El Kom
New Valley	440098disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	324,600	0.6disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Kharga
North Sinai	28992disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	544,494	160disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Arish
Port Said^[21]	1345disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	835,193	5684disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Port Said
Qalyubia	1124disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	6,137,896	51531disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Banha
Qena	10798disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	3,651,215	3059disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Qena
Red Sea	119099disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	409,394	31disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Hurghada
Sharqia	4911disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	8,032,683	15072disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Zagazig
Sohag	11022disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	5,714,903	4712disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Sohag
South Sinai	31272disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	145,934	34disp=tableNaNdisp=table	El Tor
Suez	9002disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	843,385	833disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Suez
Total	1010407disp=tableNaNdisp=table	align = right	106,668,704	971disp=tableNaNdisp=table	Cairo

Municipal divisions

At the municipal-level are markaz, kism, police-administered areas, and new cities. Generally, rural areas are divided into markaz whereas urban areas are divided into kism. As of 2013, there were 351 subdivisions, of which 177 were kism, 162 markaz, 9 new cities, and 3 police-administered areas. There are also unorganized areas in the Alexandria, Aswan, Asyut, Beheira, Beni Suef, Cairo, Dakahlia, Damietta, Faiyum, Giza, Ismailia, Kafr El Sheikh, Luxor, Minya, Port Said, Qalyubia, Qena, Sharqia, Sohag, and Suez governorates.^{[22] [23]}

• k - kism
• m - markaz
• n - new city
• p - police-administered

• 6 October 1 (k)
• 6 October 2 (k)
• 10th of Ramadan 1 (k)
• 10th of Ramadan 2 (k)
• 15 May (k)
• Abdeen (k)
• Abnub (m)
• Abu El Matamir (m)
• Abu Hammad (m)
• Abu Hummus (m)
• Abu Kebir (m)
• Abu Qirqas (m)
• Abu Radis (k)
• Abu Simbel (m)
• Abu Tig (m)
• Abu Tisht (m)
• Abu Zenima (k)
• Aga (m)
• Agouza (k)
• Ain Shams (k)
• Akhmim (m)
• Alexandria Port Police Dept. (p)
• Amreya (k)
• Arish 1 (k)
• Arish 2 (k)
• Arish 3 (k)
• Arish 4 (k)
• Armant (m)
• Ashmoun (m)
• Aswan (k)
• Aswan (m)
• Asyut (m)
• Asyut 1 (k)
• Asyut 2 (k)
• Ataka (k)
• Atfih (m)
• Awlad Saqr (m)
• Awsim (m)
• Azbakeya (k)
• Bab El Sharia (k)
• Bab Sharq (k)
• Badr (k)
• Badr (m)
• Banha (k)
• Banha (m)
• Baris Shurta (m)
• Basyoun (m)
• Beni Ebeid (m)
• Beni Mazar (m)
• Beni Suef (k)
• Beni Suef (m)
• Biba (m)
• Bilbeis (m)
• Bilqas (m)
• Bir El Abd (k)
• Birket El Sab (m)
• Biyala (m)
• Borg El Arab (k)
• Bulaq (k)
• Bulaq El Dakrur (k)
• Burullus (m)
• Dahab (k)
• Dairut (m)
• Damanhur (k)
• Damanhur (m)
• Damietta (m)
• Damietta 1 (k)
• Damietta 2 (k)
• Dar El Salam (m)
• Daraw (m)
• Deir Mawas (m)
• Dekernes (m)
• Dekhela (k)
• Desouk (k)
• Desouk (m)
• Dishna (m)
• Diyarb Negm (m)
• Dokki (k)
• Edfu (m)
• Edku (m)
• El Ahram (k)
• El Arab (k)
• El Arbein (k)
• El Atareen (k)
• El Ayyat (m)
• El Badari (m)
• El Badrashein (m)
• El Bagour (m)
• El Balyana (m)
• El Basal Port (k)
• El Basatin (k)
• El Dabaa (k)
• El Darb El Ahmar (k)
• El Dawahy (k)
• El Delengat (m)
• El Fashn (m)
• El Fath (m)
• El Gamaliya (k)
• El Gamaliya (m)
• El Ganayin (k)
• El Ghanayem (m)
• El Gomrok (k)
• El Hamam (k)
• El Hamool (m)
• El Hassana (k)
• El Hawamdiya (k)
• El Husseiniya (m)
• El Ibrahimiya (m)
• El Idwa (m)
• El Kawsar (k)
• El Khalifa (k)
• El Labban (k)
• El Mahalla El Kubra (m)
• El Mahalla El Kubra 1 (k)
• El Mahalla El Kubra 2 (k)
• El Mahmoudia (m)
• El Manakh (k)
• El Manasra (k)
• El Mansha (m)
• El Mansheya (k)
• El Manzala (m)
• El Maragha (m)
• El Marg (k)
• El Matareya (k)
• El Matareya (m)
• El Muski (k)
• El Nozha (k)
• El Omraniya (k)
• El Qanater El Khayreya (m)
• El Qanayat (k)
• El Qantara (m)
• El Qantara El Sharqiya (k)
• El Qoseir (k)
• El Qurein (k)
• El Qusiya (m)
• El Rahmaniya (m)
• El Raml 1 (k)
• El Raml 2 (k)
• El Reyad (m)
• El Saff (m)
• El Salam (k)
• El Santa (m)
• El Sayeda Zeinab (k)
• El Segil (k)
• El Senbellawein (m)
• El Sharabiya (k)
• El Sharq (k)
• El Shohada (m)
• El Shorouk (k)
• El Tebbin (k)
• El Tor (k)
• El Usayrat (m)
• El Wahat El Bahariya (k)
• El Wahat El Khariga (k)
• El Waqf (m)
• El Warraq (k)
• El Wasta (m)
• El Weili (k)
• El Zaher (k)
• El Zarqa (m)
• El Zawya El Hamra (k)
• El Zohur (k)
• Esna (m)
• Faisal (k)
• Faiyum (k)
• Faiyum (m)
• Faqous (k)
• Faqous (m)
• Faraskur (m)
• Farshut (m)
• Fayed (m)
• Fuwa (m)
• Gamasa (k)
• Ganoubi 1 (k)
• Ganoubi 2 (k)
• Gharb Nubariya (k)
• Girga (k)
• Girga (m)
• Giza (k)
• Giza (m)
• Hada'iq El Qobbah (k)
• Hala'ib (k)
• Heliopolis (k)
• Helwan (k)
• Hihya (m)
• Hosh Essa (m)
• Hurghada (k)
• Hurghada 2 (k)
• Ibsheway (m)
• Ihnasiya (m)
• Imbaba (k)
• Imbaba (m)
• Ismailia (m)
• Ismailia 1 (k)
• Ismailia 2 (k)
• Ismailia 3 (k)
• Itay El Barud (m)
• Itsa (m)
• Juhayna El Gharbiyah (m)
• Kafr El Dawwar (k)
• Kafr El Dawwar (m)
• Kafr El Sheikh (k)
• Kafr El Sheikh (m)
• Kafr El Zayat (m)
• Kafr Saad (m)
• Kafr Saqr (m)
• Kafr Shukr (m)
• Karmoz (k)
• Kerdasa (m)
• Khanka (m)
• Khusus (k)
• Kom Hamada (m)
• Kom Ombo (m)
• Kotoor (m)
• Luxor (k)
• Luxor (m)
• Maadi (k)
• Maghaghah (m)
• Mahallat Dimna (m)
• Mallawi (k)
• Mallawi (m)
• Manfalut (m)
• Mansoura (m)
• Mansoura 1 (k)
• Mansoura 2 (k)
• Marina El Alamein (k)
• Marsa Alam (k)
• Mashtool El Souk (m)
• Matay (m)
• Menouf (k)
• Menouf (m)
• Mersa Matruh (k)
• Metoubes (m)
• Minya (k)
• Minya (m)
• Minya El Qamh (m)
• Minyet El Nasr (m)
• Mit Ghamr (k)
• Mit Ghamr (m)
• Mit Salsil (m)
• Moharam Bek (k)
• Monshat El Nasr (k)
• Montaza (k)
• Mubarak Sharq El Tafrea (k)
• Nabaroh (m)
• Nag Hammadi (m)
• Nakhl (k)
• Naqada (m)
• Nasir Bush (m)
• Nasr (m)
• Nasr City 1 (k)
• Nasr City 2 (k)
• New Akhmim (n)
• New Aswan (n)
• New Asyut (n)
• New Beni Suef (k)
• New Borg El Arab (n)
• New Cairo 1 (k)
• New Cairo 2 (k)
• New Cairo 3 (k)
• New Damietta (k)
• New Faiyum (n)
• New Minya (n)
• New Qena (n)
• New Salhia (k)
• New Sohag (n)
• New Toshka (n)
• North Coast (k)*
• North Coast (k)
• Nuweiba (k)
• Obour (k)
• Old Cairo (k)
• Port Fuad (k)
• Port Fuad 2 (k)
• Port Said Police Dept. (p)
• Qaha (k)
• Qallin (m)
• Qalyub (k)
• Qalyub (m)
• Qasr El Nil (k)
• Qena (k)
• Qena (m)
• Qift (m)
• Quesna (m)
• Qus (m)
• Rafah (k)
• Ras El Bar (k)
• Ras Gharib (k)
• Ras Sidr (k)
• Rod El Farag (k)
• Rosetta (m)
• Sadat City (m)
• Safaga (k)
• Sahil Salim (m)
• Saint Catherine (k)
• Sallum (k)
• Samalut (m)
• Samanoud (m)
• Saqultah (m)
• Sers El Lyan (k)
• Shalateen (k)
• Sharm El Sheikh (k)
• Sheikh Zayed (k)
• Sheikh Zuweid (k)
• Shibin El Kom (k)
• Shibin El Kom (m)
• Shibin El Qanatir (m)
• Shirbin (m)
• Shubra (k)
• Shubra El Kheima 1 (k)
• Shubra El Kheima 2 (k)
• Shubrakhit (m)
• Shurtet El Dakhla (m)
• Shurtet El Farafra (m)
• Shurtet El Qasima (k)
• Shurtet Rumana (k)
• Sidfa (m)
• Sidi Barrani (k)
• Sidi Gaber (k)
• Sidi Salem (m)
• Sinnuris (m)
• Siwa (k)
• Sohag (m)
• Sohag 1 (k)
• Sohag 2 (k)
• Suez (k)
• Suez Port Police Dept. (p)
• Sumusta El Waqf (m)
• Taba (k)
• Tahta (k)
• Tahta (m)
• Tala (m)
• Talkha (m)
• Tamiya (m)
• Tanta (m)
• Tanta 1 (k)
• Tanta 2 (k)
• Tell El Kebir (m)
• Tibah Police Dept. (m)
• Tima (m)
• Timay El Imdid (m)
• Tukh (m)
• Tura (k)
• Wadi El Natrun (m)
• Yousef El Seddik (m)
• Zagazig (m)
• Zagazig 1 (k)
• Zagazig 2 (k)
• Zamalek (k)
• Zefta (m)
• Zeitoun (k)

Submunicipal divisions

The village is the smallest local unit in rural communities, and is the equivalent of a district in urban areas. However, villages differ from each other in terms of legal status. The heads of villages or districts are appointed by the respective governors.^[24] In addition to this, districts are occasionally further divided into sub-district neighborhoods called sheyakha in rural areas, or residential districts (singular: حي سكني , plural: أحياء سكنية ) in urban areas.^[25]

Demographics

See main article: Demographics of Egypt.

Urban and rural populations

Data taken from CAPMAS:

Governorate	% Urban	Population (2016)	Rural	Urban
Alexandria	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Aswan	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Asyut	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Beheira	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Beni Suef	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Cairo	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Dakahlia	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Damietta	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Faiyum	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Gharbia	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Giza	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Ismailia	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Kafr El Sheikh	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Luxor	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Matruh	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Minya	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Monufia	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
New Valley	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
North Sinai	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Port Said	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Qalyubia	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Qena	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Red Sea	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Sharqia	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Sohag	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
South Sinai	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Suez	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Total	42.7	87,963,276	50,384,188	37,579,088

Population density

Data taken from CAPMAS:. Information for population is in thousands, pop density - persons/km² and area is in km².

Governorate	Population in thousands (2014-07-01)	Pop. Density (Inhabited Area)	Pop. Density (Total Area)	% Inhabited to Total	Inhabited Area	Total Area
Alexandria	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Aswan	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Asyut	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Beheira	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Beni Suef	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Cairo	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Dakahlia	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Damietta	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Faiyum	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Gharbia	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Giza	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Ismailia	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Kafr El Sheikh	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Luxor	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Matruh	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Minya	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Monufia	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
New Valley	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
North Sinai	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Port Said	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Qalyubia	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Qena	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Red Sea	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Sharqia	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Sohag	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
South Sinai	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Suez	align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right		align = right
Total	86,814	1109.1	85.9	7.8	78272.98	1010407.87

See also

• List of cities and towns in Egypt
• Economic Regions of Egypt
• List of governorates of Egypt by GDP
• List of governorates of Egypt by Human Development Index
• Regional units of Egypt
• List of Egyptian cities
• List of political and geographic subdivisions by total area

External links

• Ministry of Local Development
• Ministry of Local Development (Archived defunct website 2006-2017)
• "Know Your Government", Tadamun Initiative
• Census Data and Maps (1996, 2006, 2017)
• Egypt Administrative Divisions Map, The University of Texas at Austin Library
• History of administrative divisions in Egypt since the French Invasion (in Arabic)

Notes and References

1. 1979 . Law 43/1979 . The Official Gazette.
2. Web site: Governorates of Egypt . 2022-12-24 . ARE Presidency.
3. Web site: 2020-02-28 . The Cabinet - Governors' Meetings . 2022-12-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200228045816/http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/English/MediaCenter/GovernorsMeetings/Pages/default.aspx . 2020-02-28 .
4. Web site: Local Administration . State Information Service (SIS).
5. Web site: About the Ministry . 2022-12-23 . Ministry of Local Development.
6. Web site: Egypt: The Basic Village Services Program. USAID. 19 October 2016. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161019144503/https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PDAAR029.pdf. 19 October 2016.
7. Book: Metz . Helen Chapin . Helen Chapin Metz . Egypt: A Country Study. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1990. 1990. 20 October 2016. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161103013525/http://countrystudies.us/egypt/113.htm. 3 November 2016.
8. 1977 . Presidential Decree 495/1977 . The Official Gazette.
9. Web site: The New Urban Communities Authority - Tadamun . 2022-12-24.
10. Web site: 2020-01-02 . محافظة الإسكندرية توافق على نقل ولاية 37 قرية إلى التنمية المحلية . 2022-12-24 . المصري اليوم . ar.
11. Web site: المجالس المحلية المعينة للمدن "المجلس التنفيذي للمدينة" - Tadamun . 2022-12-24.
12. Web site: Redrawing the map . 2008-05-19 . Reem Leila . Al Ahram Weekly (On-line) . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090810065313/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2008/894/eg6.htm . 2009-08-10 .
13. Web site: Egypt's PM centralises Helwan and 6 October governorates - Egypt . Ahram Online .
14. Web site: Luxor announced Egypt's 29th governorate . 2009-12-08 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100213171023/http://thedailynewsegypt.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=26302 . February 13, 2010 . December 7, 2009.
15. Book: Metz . Helen Chapin . Helen Chapin Metz . Egypt: A Country Study . 1990 . Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress . 21 October 2016.
16. Book: Ben Nefissa, Sara . Cairo Contested: Governance, Urban Space, and Global Modernity Cairo Contested: Governance, Urban Space, and Global Modernity . 2009 . 6 Cairo's City Government the Crisis of Local Administration and the Refusal of Urban Citizenship . https://academic.oup.com/cairo-scholarship-online/book/15449/chapter-abstract/170058487?redirectedFrom=fulltext.
17. Web site: Khazbak . Rana . 2016-04-28 . In Egypt, there is no local government . 2022-12-23 . Mada Masr . en-US.
18. Web site: 2022-10-30 . "المحليات.. 11 سنة غياب" . 2022-12-23 . برلمانى.
19. Web site: Governorates of Egypt. Statoids. 16 October 2016. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161014002115/http://statoids.com/ueg.html. 14 October 2016.
20. Web site: Inhabited Population Density By Governorate 1/7/2014. CAPMAS Egyptian Figures 2015. 19 October 2016. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20151019093240/http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/EgyptinFigures2015/EgyptinFigures/Tables/PDF/1-%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86/pop.pdf. 19 October 2015.
21. Web site: Seat of a first-order administrative division. Geonames. 20 October 2016. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170120203512/http://www.geonames.org/358619/port-said.html. 20 January 2017.
22. Web site: Egypt Markazes. Statoids. 19 October 2016. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160408190631/http://statoids.com/yeg.html. 8 April 2016.
23. Book: Law. Gwillim. Administrative Subdivisions of Countries: A Comprehensive World Reference, 1900 Through 1998. November 23, 1999. McFarland. 978-0-7864-6097-7. 19 October 2016. registration.
24. News: Governor appoints first woman to head municipality in Egypt's Alexandria. 19 October 2016. Ahram Online. June 20, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161019153751/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/133238/Egypt/Politics-/Governor-appoints-first-woman-to-head-municipality.aspx. 19 October 2016.
25. Book: Broadband Networks in the Middle East and North Africa: Accelerating High-Speed Internet Access. February 11, 2014. World Bank Publication. 33. 9781464801136. 19 October 2016. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20171126024732/https://books.google.com/books?id=sF3bAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA33&dq=Sheyakha&hl=es&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiq2Lb-g-bPAhWLGB4KHYIlB7IQ6AEIHjAA#v=onepage&q=Sheyakha&f=false. 26 November 2017.