Liver kidney microsomal type 1 antibody explained

Liver kidney microsomal type 1 antibody (anti-LKM1) is an autoantibody associated with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).[1] Specifically, its presence in AIH defines type 2 AIH,[2] [3] although it has been proposed that anti-liver cytosol type 1 autoantibody without detectable anti-LKM1 can be seen in type 2 AIH.[4] It is one of the several subtypes of anti–liver-kidney microsome antibodies that are known. The frequent association of anti-LKM-1 antibodies and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and the probable existence of an infection-associated autoimmune form of anti-LKM-1-associated hepatitis, requiring a different therapeutic strategy, necessitate the exact determination of anti-LKM-1 specificities.[3] [5] [6]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Kerkar N, Ma Y, Davies ET, Cheeseman P, Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D . Detection of liver kidney microsomal type 1 antibody using molecularly based immunoassays . J. Clin. Pathol. . 55 . 12 . 906–909 . December 2002 . 12461054 . 10.1136/jcp.55.12.906. 1769836.
  2. Major antigen of liver kidney microsomal autoantibodies in idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis is cytochrome P450db1. Manns MP, Johnson EF, Griffin KJ, Tan EM, Sullivan KF. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 83. 3. 1066-1072. 10.1172/JCI113949. free. 1989. 2466049. 303785.
  3. Molecular mimicry of human cytochrome P450 by hepatitis C virus at the level of cytotoxic T cell recognition. 1999. Kammer AR, van der Burg SH, Grabscheid B, Hunziker IP, Kwappenberg KM, Reichen J, Melief CJ, Cerny A. 190. 2. 169-176. 10.1084/jem.190.2.169. free. 10432280. 2195568. Journal of Experimental Medicine.
  4. Bridoux-Henno L, Maggiore G, Johanet C, Fabre M, Vajro P, Dommergues JP, Reinert P, Bernard O. Features and Outcome of Autoimmune Hepatitis Type 2 Presenting with Isolated Positivity for Anti-Liver Cytosol Antibody. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2. 9. 2004. 825-830. 10.1016/S1542-3565(04)00354-4. 15354284. free.
  5. Anti-LKM-1 antibodies determined by use of recombinant P450 2D6 in ELISA and western blot and their association with anti-HCV and HCV-RNA. Clinical & Experimental Immunology. 92. 3. 373-380. 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1993.tb03408.x. 8390333. 1554777. Seelig R, Renz M, Bünger G, Schröter H, Seelig HP. 1993.
  6. Cassani F, Cataleta M, Valentini P, Muratori P, Giostra F, Francesconi R, Muratori L, Lenzi M, Bianchi G, Zauli D, Bianchi FB. Serum autoantibodies in chronic hepatitis C: comparison with autoimmune hepatitis and impact on the disease profile. Hepatology. 26. 3. 561-566. 1997. 10.1002/hep.510260305. 9303483. free.

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