Liu Yong (Qing dynasty) explained

Liu Yong
劉墉
Order:Grand Secretary of the Tiren Hall
Term Start:1797
Term End:1805
Order1:Assistant Grand Secretary
Term Start1:1783
Term End1:1789
Order2:Minister of Personnel
Term Start2:1792
Term End2:1797
Alongside2:Jin Jian (until 1795), Baoning (since 1795)
Predecessor2:Sun Shiyi
Successor2:Shen Chu
Term Start3:1783
Term End3:1789
Alongside3:Umitai (until 1784), Heshen (1784–1786), Fuk'anggan (since 1786)
Predecessor3:Cai Xin
Successor3:Peng Yuanrui
Order4:Minister of Rites
Term Start4:1791
Term End4:1792
Alongside4:Changqing
Predecessor4:Ji Yun
Successor4:Ji Yun
Order5:Minister of Works
Term Start5:1782
Term End5:1783
Alongside5:Cokto
Predecessor5:Luo Yuanhan
Successor5:Jin Jian
Order6:Viceroy of Zhili
Term Start6:1783
Term End6:1783
Predecessor6:Yuan Shoutong
Successor6:Liu E
Birth Date:1719
Birth Place:Shandong, Qing China
Death Place:Beijing, Qing China
Occupation:Politician, calligrapher
Father:Liu Tongxun
Relation:Liu Xuanzhi (nephew)
Blank1:Courtesy name
Data1:Chongru (崇如)
Blank2:Art name
Data2:Shi'an (石庵)
Blank3:Posthumous name
Data3:Wenqing (文清)

Liu Yong (; 1719–1805) was a Chinese politician and calligrapher of the Qing dynasty.[1]

Biography

Liu Yong was born in Shandong 1719 with courtesy name Chongru (Chinese: 崇如), pen name Shi'an (Chinese: 石庵).[2] He served in a number of high-level positions with a reputation for being incorruptible, including as the Minister of Rites and Minister of War. Since 1782 he was made the chief tutor of the Palace School (上書房總師傅) for imperial princes, including the later Jiaqing Emperor.[3]

Liu was described as an upright man. Seo Yu-mun (서유문, 徐有聞), a Korean diplomat who had joined the Dongzhi Festival mission (동지사, 冬至使) to Qing China as a Seojanggwan (서장관, 書狀官, the third of the mission) in 1798,[4] reported that "Heshen has been in power for decades. From the local government to the imperial court, almost every minister fawned over him. Wang Jie, Liu Yong, Dong Gao, Zhu Gui (朱珪), Ji Yun, Tiebao (鐵保), Yubao (玉保) and others are exceptions."[5]

Liu Yong is also regarded by some as the "most influential calligrapher of his time".[6]

In fiction and popular culture

References

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Liu Yong — China culture. 2009-11-06. https://web.archive.org/web/20090812235449/http://history.cultural-china.com/en/47History2730.html. 2009-08-12. dead.
  2. Web site: 劉墉 .
  3. (Draft History of Qing Volume 302)
  4. Web site: 서유문 (徐有聞).
  5. Web site: 乾隆、劉墉、和珅、紀曉嵐的真實關係 . cctv.com.
  6. Book: Worshiping the ancestors: Chinese commemorative portraits. Jan. Stuart. Evelyn Sakakida. Rawski. 200. Stanford University Press. 2001. 0-8047-4263-4.