Little Muddy Creek (New Zealand) Explained

Little Muddy Creek
Map:
Type:line
Plain:yes
Zoom:12
Frame-Align:center
Frame-Width:270
Frame-Height:270
Stroke-Color:
  1. 0000ff
Stroke-Width:2
Map Size:270px
Pushpin Map:Auckland#New Zealand
Pushpin Map Size:270px
Pushpin Map Caption:Mouth of the Little Muddy Creek
Subdivision Type1:Country
Subdivision Name1:New Zealand
Subdivision Type2:Region
Subdivision Name2:Auckland Region
Source1:Armstrong Gully
Source1 Coordinates:-36.9408°N 174.64°W
Mouth:Manukau Harbour
Mouth Coordinates:-36.965°N 174.6466°W
Progression:Little Muddy CreekManukau HarbourTasman Sea
Tributaries Left:Yorke Gully, Alice Glen
Tributaries Right:Waituna Stream, Waiohua Creek

The Little Muddy Creek is a river of the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows south from its source in Titirangi, meets the tributaries Waituna Stream and Waiohua Creek which run through the suburbs of Waima and Woodlands Park, before reaching the Manukau Harbour.

Geology

Between 3 and 5 million years ago, tectonic forces between the Pacific Plate and Australian Plate uplifted the Waitākere Ranges and subsided the Manukau Harbour. Little Muddy Creek is likely a part of a fault-line that formed during this event. After the Last Glacial Maximum when sea levels rose, the river mouths of West Auckland flooded. While beaches formed at the mouths of Tasman Sea rivers, the relative lack of sand in the Manukau Harbour meant that Huia, Big Muddy Creek and Little Muddy Creek became tidal mudflats.[1]

History

The creek was known by Te Kawerau ā Maki and other Tāmaki Māori as Waikūmete,[2] a name that was later applied to the greater Glen Eden area during the time of European settlement.[3] It was a traditionally strategic location, linking the southern Waitākere Ranges to the Manukau Harbour, and a place at the end of a major north-south walking track which was accessible for travel by canoe.[4] The area was known as a place for canoe construction, with many traditional place names referencing the construction of waka made from tōtara wood.[4] The area was protected with a fortified at modern-day Laingholm named Te Tokaroa.[4]

In 1825 during the Musket Wars, Te Taoū, Te Uri-o-Hau and other Tāmaki Māori allies re-organised their forces at Waikūmete after the battle of Te Ika a Ranganui on the Kaipara Harbour.[5] Most warriors among the group left for the Waikato after further battles with Ngāpuhi, however a small number of Te Taoū under chief Awarua stayed at Waikūmete temporarily, tending to pig farms.[5] Waka construction continued at Waikūmete after Te Kawerau ā Maki returned to the Tāmaki area after the wars, up until the 1860s.[4]

From the 1830s, kauri trees were felled by European settlers for the logging industry in the southern Waitākere Ranges.[4] A rural community developed in the area in the 1860s. A dock was constructed on Little Muddy Creek, which connected the community to the commercial centre of Onehunga, until road access became the main means of transportation.[6]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Hayward . Bruce . Bruce Hayward . Land, Sea and Sky . 13–14, 21 . Macdonald . Finlay . Finlay Macdonald (editor) . Kerr . Ruth . West: The History of Waitakere . Random House . 2009 . 9781869790080.
  2. Web site: 12 December 2013 . Deed of Settlement Schedule: Documents . . The Trustees of Te Kawerau Iwi Settlement Trust . . 26 April 2022.
  3. News: Untitled . . 2 . XXVIII . 105 . Papers Past . 7 May 1897 . 27 April 2022.
  4. Web site: 13 February 2014 . The Muddy Creeks Plan – a Local Area Plan for Parau, Laingholm, Woodlands Park and Waimā . Auckland Council. 28 June 2021.
  5. Book: Taua: 'musket wars', 'land wars' or tikanga?: warfare in Maori society in the early nineteenth century . Ballara . Angela . Angela Ballara . 2003 . Penguin . Auckland . 9780143018896 . Tāmaki-makau-rau (Auckland isthmus) . 225–226.
  6. Book: Harvey . Bruce . Harvey . Trixie . That Noble Sheet of Water . 87–104 . Macdonald . Finlay . Finlay Macdonald (editor) . Kerr . Ruth . West: The History of Waitakere . Random House . 2009 . 9781869790080.