| Official Name: | Little Caney Township |
| Settlement Type: | Township |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Kansas |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Chautauqua |
| Area Total Km2: | 117.26 |
| Area Land Km2: | 116.9 |
| Area Water Km2: | 0.37 |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 45.28 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 45.13 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 0.14 |
| Area Water Percent: | 0.32 |
| Population As Of: | 2000 |
| Population Total: | 353 |
| Population Density Km2: | 3 |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | 7.8 |
| Elevation M: | 272 |
| Elevation Ft: | 892 |
| Coordinates: | 37.0514°N -96.04°W |
| Blank Name: | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank Info: | 0469137 |
Little Caney Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 353.
Little Caney Township covers an area of 45.28sqmi and contains one incorporated settlement, Niotaze. According to the USGS, it contains five cemeteries: Elcado, Fairview, Haynes, Ireland and Mooney.
Niotaze Lake is within this township. The streams of Birch Creek, Lake Creek and Little Caney River run through this township.