Listeria innocua explained

Listeria innocua is a species of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria. It is motile, facultatively anaerobic, and non-spore-forming. L. innocua was named innocua (innocuous) because, in contrast to Listeria monocytogenes, it does not readily cause disease in mammals.[1] Another Listeria species, L. seeligeri, was named after one of the discoverers of L. innocua.[2]

Biochemically, L. innocua is very similar to L. monocytogenes, except that L. innocua is usually non-hemolytic,[3] arylamidase-positive, and phosphoinositide phospholipase C-negative.[4] Although it is not generally considered a human pathogen, L. innocua was identified in 2003 as the cause of death of a 62-year-old, otherwise healthy, woman.[5]

As with other species in the genus, L. innocua occurs commonly in the environment (such as soil) and in food.[6] Strains of L. innocua have been shown to be able to form biofilms.[7] L. innocua has been tested and used as a laboratory surrogate for pathogenic L. monocytogenes in studies involving thermal, irradiation, and high-pressure processing of food.[8] [9] [10]

Knowledge of the structure of L. innocua was refined during the 2000s to help distinguish it from L. monocytogenes.[11] L. innocua may inhibit detection of L. monocytogenes if both species are present.[12] One study found that L. monocytogenes was detected in 5.4% of inoculated beef broth samples when L. innocua was also present.[13]

Notes and References

  1. Seeliger . H.P.R. . Apathogene listerien: L. innocua sp.n. (Seeliger et Schoofs, 1977) . Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale. A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie . July 1981 . 249 . 4 . 487–493 . 10.1016/S0174-3031(81)80108-4.
  2. Jocelyne Rocourt and Patrick A. D. Grimont. Listeria welshimeri sp. nov. and Listeria seeligeri sp. nov. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, Oct. 1983, p. 866-869,Vol. 33. No. 4. "Listeria seeligeri (see.li.ger'i. M. L. gen. n. seeligeri of Seeliger, honoring Heinz P. R. Seeliger, German bacteriologist)"
  3. Orsi . Renato H. . Wiedmann . Martin . Characteristics and distribution of Listeria spp., including Listeria species newly described since 2009 . Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology . 29 April 2016 . 100 . 12 . 5273–5287 . 10.1007/s00253-016-7552-2. 27129530 . 4875933 .
  4. Weller . D. . Andrus . A. . Wiedmann . M. . den Bakker . H. C. . Listeria booriae sp. nov. and Listeria newyorkensis sp. nov., from food processing environments in the USA . International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology . 23 October 2014 . 65 . Pt 1 . 286–292 . 10.1099/ijs.0.070839-0. 25342111 . free .
  5. Fatal Case of Listeria innocua Bacteremia] . Monique . Perrin . Michel . Bemer . Catherine . Delamare . 10.1128/JCM.41.11.5308-5309.2003 . 14605191 . 262531 . 20 August 2003 . Journal of Clinical Microbiology . 41 . 11 . 5308–5309 .
  6. Web site: A Microbial Biorealm page on the genus Listeria innocua. microbewiki.kenyon.edu. 23 July 2019.
  7. Perni . Stefano . Jordan . Suzanne J. . Andrew . Peter W. . Shama . Gilbert . Biofilm development by Listeria innocua in turbulent flow regimes . Food Control . November 2006 . 17 . 11 . 875–883 . 10.1016/j.foodcont.2005.06.002.
  8. Char . Cielo D. . Guerrero . Sandra N. . Alzamora . Stella M. . Mild Thermal Process Combined with Vanillin Plus Citral to Help Shorten the Inactivation Time for Listeria innocua in Orange Juice . Food and Bioprocess Technology . 5 November 2008 . 3 . 5 . 752–761 . 10.1007/s11947-008-0155-x. 11336/68077 . 84796275 . free .
  9. RODRIGUEZ . O . CASTELLPEREZ . M . EKPANYASKUN . N . MOREIRA . R . CASTILLO . A . Surrogates for validation of electron beam irradiation of foods . International Journal of Food Microbiology . 15 July 2006 . 110 . 2 . 117–122 . 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.01.041. 16690150 .
  10. Pathanibul . Panchalee . Taylor . T. Matthew . Davidson . P. Michael . Harte . Federico . Inactivation of Escherichia coli and Listeria innocua in apple and carrot juices using high pressure homogenization and nisin . International Journal of Food Microbiology . February 2009 . 129 . 3 . 316–320 . 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.12.020. 19167772 .
  11. Johnson . J. . Jinneman . K. . Stelma . G. . Smith . B. G. . Lye . D. . Messer . J. . Ulaszek . J. . Evsen . L. . Gendel . S. . Bennett . R. W. . Swaminathan . B. . Pruckler . J. . Steigerwalt . A. . Kathariou . S. . Yildirim . S. . Volokhov . D. . Rasooly . A. . Chizhikov . V. . Wiedmann . M. . Fortes . E. . Duvall . R. E. . Hitchins . A. D. . Natural Atypical Listeria innocua Strains with Listeria monocytogenes Pathogenicity Island 1 Genes . Applied and Environmental Microbiology . 7 July 2004 . 70 . 7 . 4256–4266 . 10.1128/AEM.70.7.4256-4266.2004. 15240309 . 444784 . 2004ApEnM..70.4256J .
  12. PETRAN . RUTH L. . SWANSON . KATHERINE M. J. . Simultaneous Growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua . Journal of Food Protection . July 1993 . 56 . 7 . 616–618 . 10.4315/0362-028X-56.7.616. 31113037 . free .
  13. CURIALE . MICHAEL S. . LEWUS . CATHERINE . Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Samples Containing Listeria innocua . Journal of Food Protection . December 1994 . 57 . 12 . 1048–1051 . 10.4315/0362-028X-57.12.1048. 31121641 . free .

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