List of women's clubs explained

Woman's clubs or women's clubs are examples of the woman's club movement. Many local clubs and national or regional federations were influential in history. The importance of some local clubs is demonstrated by their women's club buildings being listed on historic registries.

In the United States, the General Federation of Women's Clubs (GFWC) became the primary umbrella organization of women's clubs in the United States. "For the later part of the nineteenth century andmuch of the twentieth century, the women's clubs were an essential vehicle for women's activity outside of the home."[1] In New Mexico alone, a state federation grew to include 59 clubs.

In Australia, the Country Women's Association had numerous clubs.

Most historical women's clubs served social and charitable purposes, most of which may seem relatively uncontroversial today. These purposes have included voluntary civic service purposes such as:

Some women's groups with a more activist political orientation which used "club" in their name, such as perhaps the Alpha Suffrage Club which fought for black female suffrage in Chicago, are included here, too.

International

Australia

Azerbaijan

Cuba

England

Greece

United States

In the United States a number of clubs were established, and corresponding buildings were built, in the early 1900s as part of a scheme by publisher Edward Gardner Lewis to promote sales of Woman's Magazine,[2] but many more were independent organizations.

Numerous women's club buildings have been evaluated for listing on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) individually or as part of wider collections. Historic preservation studies have been conducted for women's clubhouses in Florida,[3] in Illinois,[2] in New Jersey,[4] in New Mexico,[5] and in Olympia, Washington[6]

Women's clubs in the United States were indexed by the GFWC, and also by Helen M. Winslow who published an annual "register and directory" of the GFWC ones and some more, which was in its 24th annual edition in 1922.[7] The GWFC did not admit clubs for African-American women, and Winslow's directory seems to omit them too.

Various clubs for black women / African American women are included by state below, but see also which includes a number of them.

Multiple locations nationwide, primarily in United States

Alabama

In 1922, the Alabama Federation of Women’s Clubs had 219 clubs with about 6,000 members,[7] not counting "Colored" / African-American women's clubs.

Clubs in the state have included:

Alaska

In 1922 the Alaska Federation of Women's Clubs had 9 clubs with about 427 members.[7]

Arizona

In 1922 the Arizona State Federation of Women's Clubs had 53 clubs with about 3,515 members.[7] In 1932, the Arizona Republic listed 66 federated clubs throughout the state.[9]

Arkansas

In 1922 the Arkansas Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1897, had 250 clubs with about 8,000 members.[7]

California

In 1922 the California State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1900, had 531 clubs with about 55,624 members.[7]

Clubs in the state have included:

Colorado

In 1922 the Colorado Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1895, total membership was not reported, but 28 clubs were listed in Winslow's directory.[7]

Connecticut

In 1922 the Connecticut Federation of Women's Clubs had 80 clubs with about 7,000 members.[7]

Delaware

In 1922 the Delaware Federation of Women's Clubs had 38 clubs with more than 3,000 members.[7]

Florida

See also List of Woman's Clubhouses in Florida on the National Register of Historic PlacesIn 1922 the Florida Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1895, had 180 clubs with about 10,500 members.[7]

Georgia

In 1922 the Georgia State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1896, had 350 clubs with about 33,000 members.[7]

Hawaii

Idaho

In 1922 the Idaho Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1905, had 109 clubs with about 5,000 members.[7]

Illinois

In 1922 the Illinois Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1892, had 584 clubs with about 66,963 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Clubs in the state have included:

Indiana

In 1922 the Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1890-1900, had 517 clubs with about 23,269 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Iowa

In 1922 the Iowa Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1893, had 806 clubs with about 40,485 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Kansas

In 1922 the Kansas Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1895-1904, had 397 clubs with about 10,034 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Clubs in the state have included:

Kentucky

In 1922 the Kentucky State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1894, had 154 clubs with about 10,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Clubs in the state have included:

Louisiana

The Louisiana Federation of Women's Clubs was organized in 1899. The 1922 directory listed 25 clubs,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Clubs in the state have included:

Maine

In 1922 the Maine Federation of Women's Clubs had 147 clubs with about 6,500 members.[7]

Maryland

In 1922 the Maryland Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1900, had 84 clubs with about 12,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Clubs in the state have included:

Massachusetts

In 1922 the Massachusetts Federation of Women's Clubs had 324 clubs with about 126,128 members.[7]

Michigan

In 1922 the Michigan State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1895, had 423 clubs with about 50,567 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Minnesota

In 1922 the Minnesota State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1895, had 601 clubs with about 48,153 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Mississippi

In 1922 the Mississippi State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1898, had 147 clubs with about 5,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Missouri

In 1922 the Missouri Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1896, had 306 clubs with about 20,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Montana

In 1922 the Montana Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1904, had 103 clubs with about 5,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Clubs in Montana have included:

Nebraska

In 1922 the Nebraska Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1895, had 275 clubs with about 14,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Nevada

In 1922 the Nevada State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1908, had 32 clubs with about 10,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Clubs in Nevada have included:

New Hampshire

In 1922 the New Hampshire Federation of Women's Clubs had 126 clubs with about 11,730 members.[7]

New Jersey

In 1922 the New Jersey State Federation of Women's Clubs had 232 clubs with about 35,000 members.[7]

See also NJ clubhouses MRA/MPS doc.[4]

New Mexico

In 1922 the New Mexico Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1911, had 50 clubs with about 2,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Clubs in New Mexico have included:

New York

In 1922 the New York State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1894, had about 500 clubs with about 300,000 members.[7]

North Carolina

In 1922 the North Carolina State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1902, had 196 clubs with about 10,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Clubs in North Carolina have included"

North Dakota

In 1922 the North Dakota Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1897, had 188 clubs with about 4,500 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Ohio

In 1922 the Ohio State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1894, had 603 clubs with about 85,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Ohio clubs have included:

Oklahoma

In 1922 the Oklahoma State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1898, had 225 clubs with about 10,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Oregon

In 1922 the Oregon State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1889, had 119 clubs with about 8,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Oregon clubs have included:

Pennsylvania

In 1922 the Pennsylvania State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1895, had 233 clubs with about 57,180 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Pennsylvania clubs have included:

Rhode Island

In 1922 the Rhode Island Federation of Women's Clubs had 42 clubs with about 2,220 members.[7]

South Carolina

In 1922 the South Carolina State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1898, had 182 clubs with about 6,509 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

South Carolina clubs have included:

South Dakota

In 1922 the South Dakota State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1900, had 132 clubs with about 4,181 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Tennessee

In 1922 the Tennessee Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1899, had 120 clubs with about 8,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Tennessee clubs included:

Texas

In 1922 the Texas Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1897, had 450 clubs with about 25,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Texas clubs have included:

See also: Pulpwood Queens, founded in Texas, with multiple locations elsewhere in U.S. and internationally.

Utah

In 1922 the Utah Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1893, had 72 clubs with about 3,500 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Utah clubs have included:

Vermont

In 1922 the Vermont Federation of Women's Clubs had 67 clubs with about 6,383 members.[7]

Virginia

In 1922 the Virginia State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1907, had 80 clubs with about 1,600 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Washington

In 1922 the Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1896, had 241 clubs with about 27,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Washington, D.C.

In 1922 the District of Columbia Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1894, had 30 clubs with about 8,000 members.[7]

West Virginia

In 1922 the West Virginia State Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1904, had 78 clubs with about 5,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

West Virginia clubs have included:

Wisconsin

In 1922 the Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1896, had 312 clubs with about 20,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

Wisconsin clubs have included:

Wyoming

In 1922 the Wyoming Federation of Women's Clubs, organized in 1904, had 62 clubs with about 2,000 members,[7] not including any African-American women's clubs.

U.S. Territories

Guam

Puerto Rico

See National Conference of Puerto Rican Women (founded in 1972 in Washington, D.C.)[26]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. [{{NHLS url|id=91002057}} National Register of Historic Places Registration: General Federation of Women's Clubs Headquarters]. pdf. June 6, 1991 . Page Putnam Miller and Jill S. Topolski . National Park Service. and  
  2. Web site: [{{NRHP url|id=64000172}} American Woman's League Chapter Houses Thematic Resources]. Meyer. Pauline. July 18, 1980. National Park Service.
  3. Web site: [{{NRHP url|id=64500099}} National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation: Clubhouses of Florida's Woman's Clubs ]. Sidney Johnston . June 1998. National Park Service.
  4. National Register of Historic Places: Clubhouses of New Jersey Women's Clubs, NJ, 2010-09-29
  5. Web site: [{{NRHP url|id=64500854}} National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation: New Mexico Federation of Women's Club Buildings in New Mexico ]. David Kammer . May 2003 .
  6. Web site: [{{NRHP url|id=64500715}} National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form. Women's History In Olympla: First Settlement (1846) to 1948 ]. National Park Service.
  7. Book: Official Register and Directory of Women's Clubs in America . 1922 . XXIV . . August 22, 2019.
  8. Web site: Collection: American News Women's Club records Archival Collections. archives.lib.umd.edu. 2020-05-27.
  9. News: Federated Clubs In Arizona Lead In State's Social Life . . November 20, 1932 . December 2, 2020 . 2-2 . 43 . 186 . Arizona Resource . Newspapers.com.
  10. Web site: Taylor . Paula Kyzer . 8 July 2022 . Aesthetic Club . 2023-01-08 . Encyclopedia of Arkansas . en-US.
  11. Evins . Janie Synatzske . 1985 . Arkansas Women: Their Contribution to Society, Politics, and Business, 1865-1900 . The Arkansas Historical Quarterly . en . 44 . 2 . 118–133 . 10.2307/40023269. 40023269 .
  12. Web site: Three Iconic Women's Organizations: Hilo Woman's Club, Zonta International, Soroptimist International of Kona . Paula Thomas . 2018. Keola (magazine) . August 23, 2019.
  13. Web site: Women's Campus Club, University of Hawaii.
  14. News: 1967-11-03. WIA 'Country Store' Makes Hit. 7. Las Cruces Sun-News. 2021-02-13. Newspapers.com. and News: 1967-11-03. WIA. 8. Las Cruces Sun-News. 2021-02-13. Newspapers.com.
  15. Book: Silverman . Willa Z. . The New Bibliopolis: French Book Collectors and the Culture of Print, 1880-1914 . 2008 . University of Toronto Press . 9780802092113 . 261.
  16. News: What is so Rare . George J. C. . Grasberger . . 210 . May 8, 1949 . March 19, 2019 . newspapers.com.
  17. Book: Ardizzone . Heidi . An Illuminated Life: Belle Da Costa Greene's Journey from Prejudice to Privilege . 2007 . W.W. Norton & Company . 9780393051049.
  18. Web site: Guide to the Frances Hooper Papers 1928-1976 . University of Chicago Library . 19 March 2019.
  19. Web site: Charlotte Woman's Club Records. September 1992. J. Murrey Atkins Library. UNC Charlotte. 2017-07-20.
  20. Web site: Charlotte Woman's Club. www.charlottewomansclub.org. 2016-11-29.
  21. http://www.thetownclub.org/ Town Club (Portland, Oregon) (official site)
  22. http://heritagedata.prd.state.or.us/historic/index.cfm?do=main.loadFile&load=NR_Noms/87000328.pdf "National Register of Historic Places Listing: The Town Club," U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service (Feb. 5, 1987)
  23. Web site: Guam Women's Club: Guam's first civic women's organization . Jillette Leon-Guerrero . October 2009 . . August 23, 2019.
  24. Web site: About Int'l Women's Club of Guam. 15 June 2014.
  25. Web site: International Women's Club of Guam Takes the Hafa Adai Pledge . 2018.
  26. https://www.nacoprw.org/about.html

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