List of wars involving Turkey explained

This is a list of wars involving the Republic of Turkey and includes conflicts such as coups, insurgencies, offensives, border and international disputes since the Turkish War of Independence in 1919. For wars before 1919, involving the Ottoman Empire, see List of wars involving the Ottoman Empire.

*e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive, inconclusive

Wars

Conflict	Turkey and allies	Opponent(s)	Results	Leaders
				width=65px	President(s)	width=65px	Prime Minister(s) / Vice President(s)
War of Independence (1919–1923) Franco-Turkish War (1918–1921) Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922) Turkish–Armenian War (1920)	Ankara Government		Victory^[1] Treaty of Lausanne Establishment of the Republic of Turkey	Mustafa Kemal Atatürk	Fevzi Çakmak Rauf Orbay Fethi Okyar
Sheikh Said rebellion (1927)	Turkey	Azadî	Victory Revolt suppressed	Mustafa Kemal Atatürk	İsmet İnönü
Ararat rebellion (1927 - 1930)	Turkey	Republic of Ararat	Victory Revolt suppressed	Mustafa Kemal Atatürk	İsmet İnönü
Dersim rebellion (1937 - 1938)	Turkey	Kurdish Alevi rebels	Victory Revolt suppressed	Mustafa Kemal Atatürk	İsmet İnönü Celâl Bayar
World War II (1939 - 1945) Turkish declaration of war on Germany and Japan	Poland Denmark Norway Luxembourg Brazil Mexico Chile Colombia Ecuador Paraguay Peru Uruguay Argentina		Victory Collapse of the German Reich Fall of Japanese and Italian Empires Creation of the United Nations Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as superpowers Beginning of the Cold War	İsmet İnönü	Şükrü Saracoğlu
Korean War (1950 - 1953)			Stalemate Korean Armistice Agreement	Celâl Bayar	Adnan Menderes
Turkish invasion of Cyprus (1974)	TMT	Cyprus Greece	Victory Turkish overall control of 36.2% of Cyprus	Fahri Korutürk	Bülent Ecevit
Kurdish-Turkish Conflict (1978 -) Turkish operations during the conflict		KCK YDG-H HBDH TAK	Ongoing Truce 2012–2014, renewed fight in 2015	Fahri Korutürk Kenan Evren Turgut Özal Süleyman Demirel Ahmet Necdet Sezer Abdullah Gül Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	Bülent Ecevit Süleyman Demirel Bülend Ulusu Turgut Özal Yıldırım Akbulut Mesut Yılmaz Tansu Çiller Necmettin Erbakan Abdullah Gül Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Ahmet Davutoğlu Binali Yıldırım Fuat Oktay Cevdet Yılmaz
Gulf War (1990–1991)	<	-- COUNTRIES THAT DID NOT DEPLOY ANY MILITARY UNITS SHOULD NOT BE INCLUDED. --> ----	Iraq Republic of Kuwait (Iraqi puppet state)	Victory Iraqi forces expelled from Kuwait Kuwaiti independence restored Destruction of Iraqi and Kuwaiti infrastructure Shia and Kurdish uprisings against the Iraqi government Saddam Hussein regime of the Iraqi Baathist government retains power in Iraq UN sanctions against Iraq Iraqi no-fly zones established United Nations Security Council Resolution 687 establishes cease-fire terms, beginning of the Iraq disarmament controversies State of Kuwait restored Iraqi Kurdistan obtains autonomy, establishment of the northern Iraq no fly zone by the US'	Turgut Özal	Yıldırım Akbulut
Bosnian War (1995) (Participant in NATO Operation Deliberate Force)			Victory^[2] Turkey committed 8 of 173 aircraft in the NATO force, flew 2.2 percent of sorties^[3] Dayton Agreement, deployment of NATO-led IFOR	Süleyman Demirel	Tansu Çiller
Iraqi Kurdish Civil War (1997)	KDP Turkey	PUK PKK	Ceasefire Peace treaty between the KDP and the PUK	Süleyman Demirel	Necmettin Erbakan Mesut Yılmaz
Kosovo War (1998–1999) (Participant in NATO Operation Allied Force)	UÇK		Victory Turkey committed 11 F-16 aircraft to the NATO force, and US use of air bases^[4] Kumanovo Treaty	Süleyman Demirel	Mesut Yılmaz Bülent Ecevit
War in Afghanistan (2001 - 2021)	Afghanistan	Taliban	Taliban victory / Turkish-allied defeat Fall of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in 2001 International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) concluded their mission in 2014^[5] Resolute Support Mission (RSM) was a non-combat mission and terminated in 2021 with the US-led withdrawal^[6] Taliban control over Afghanistan increases compared to pre-intervention territory Return of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in 2021	Ahmet Necdet Sezer Abdullah Gül Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	Bülent Ecevit Abdullah Gül Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Ahmet Davutoğlu Binali Yıldırım Fuat Oktay
Boko Haram insurgency (2009–present)	Multinational Joint Task Force Nigeria Cameroon Chad Niger Benin Local militias and vigilantes CJTF, BOYES (Nigeria) Comités de vigilance (Chad, Cameroon) Dan banga (Niger) Foreign mercenaries STTEP Turkey	Boko Haram (partially aligned with ISIL from 2015) Shekau faction Several minor factions ISWAP (originally Barnawi faction of Boko Haram; from 2016) Ansaru	Ongoing	Abdullah Gül Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Ahmet Davutoğlu Binali Yıldırım Fuat Oktay Cevdet Yılmaz
First Libyan Civil War (2011) (Assisted NATO military intervention)	NTC		Victory Turkey helped enforce the no-fly zone and naval blockade^[7] The NTC assumed interim control of Libya	Abdullah Gül	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war (2011–present) Operation Euphrates Shield (2016–2017) Operation Olive Branch (2018–2019) Operation Peace Spring (2019) Operation Spring Shield (2020)		Syrian Democratic Forces IFB Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant Syrian Arab Republic ^[8] ^[9] Libyan National Army	Ongoing Turkish occupation of Northern Syria Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate	Abdullah Gül Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Ahmet Davutoğlu Binali Yıldırım Fuat Oktay Cevdet Yılmaz
Mali War (2012–present)	Government of Mali Military of Mali (2013–2022) Turkey (2014–present) (2017–present)<	-- Chad, Burundi, Gabon, South Africa, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda are combatants since they deploy ground troops, but ARE NOT part of ECOWAS.-->---- MINUSMA (2013–2023) Chad Burundi Gabon South Africa Rwanda Uganda Sweden Estonia Egypt Portugal ----Non-state combatants: Ganda Iso MAA-Loyaliste MSA (from 2016) GATIA (from 2014) Wagner Group (from 2021)---- Coordination of Azawad Movements (CMA) National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) High Council for the Unity of Azawad (HCUA) MAA-CMA	Al-Qaeda Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (2017–present) Al-Mourabitoun (2013–17) Ansar al-Sharia (2012–present) Ansar Dine (2012–17) AQIM (2012–17) Macina Liberation Front (2015–17) MOJWA (2011–13) Nigerian jihadist volunteers (2012–13) Boko Haram (2012–13)^[10] Ansaru (2012–13) ---- Islamic State in the Greater Sahara	Ongoing Turkish intervention intensifies in 2022	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	Fuat Oktay Cevdet Yılmaz
American-led intervention in Iraq (2014 - 2017)	Iraq		Victory Turkish intervention in July 2015	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	Ahmet Davutoğlu Binali Yıldırım
Turkish military intervention in the Second Libyan Civil War (2020)	Turkey Government of National Accord Syrian Interim Government	House of Representatives	Victory Turkey and its proxies in Libya pushed the LNA out of Tripoli GNA repelled the LNA offensive and advanced towards Sirte and Western Libya	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	Fuat Oktay Cevdet Yılmaz

See also

• Military history of Turkey
• List of wars involving the Ottoman Empire
• List of battles involving the Ottoman Empire
• Military history of the Ottoman Empire

Notes and References

1. Chester Neal Tate, Governments of the world: a global guide to citizens' rights and responsibilities, Macmillan Reference USA/Thomson Gale, 2006, p. 205.
2. Book: Stephen J.. Cimbala. Peter. Forster. The US, NATO and Military Burden-Sharing. 135. Routledge. 21 October 2005. 9781134251971. Google Books.
3. Web site: 2019-03-15. Operation Deliberate Force. www.globalsecurity.org.
4. Book: John Andreas. Olsen. European Air Power: Challenges and Opportunities. Potomac Books, Inc.. 15 July 2014. 9781612346816. Google Books.
5. Web site: ISAF's mission in Afghanistan (2001-2014) . NATO . 17 June 2022.
6. Web site: Resolute Support Mission in Afghanistan (2015-2021) . NATO . 17 June 2022.
7. News: Parliament OKs Turkey's Involvement in Libya . https://web.archive.org/web/20120905115152/http://www.theoaklandpress.com/articles/2011/03/24/news/nation_and_world/doc4d8b80ea4437f164011195.txt. 5 September 2012. The Oakland Press . 24 March 2011 . Associated Press. 16 January 2012. Ankara.
8. News: Stratfor: Turkey and Russia wage "full-blown proxy war" in Syria. Ahval. 17 January 2018.
9. Web site: Assad, Iran support Kurdish forces against Turkey in Syria's Afrin with key weapon systems – reports . 9 February 2018 . Al Masdar News . 3 March 2020 . 11 August 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200811140124/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/assad-iran-support-kurdish-forces-turkey-syrias-afrin-key-weapon-systems-reports/ . dead .
10. Book: Comolli, Virginia . Boko Haram: Nigeria's Islamist Insurgency . 2015 . . London . 28, 103, 171.