List of violent typhoons explained

Violent typhoon is the highest category used by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) to classify tropical cyclones in the Northwest Pacific basin. The basin is limited to the north of the equator between the 100th meridian east and the 180th meridian. A violent typhoon is defined as a tropical cyclone that has 10-minute sustained wind speeds of at least 105kn.

Background

The Northwest Pacific basin covers a vast area in the Pacific Ocean, located north of the equator, between 100°E and 180°E.^[1] Several weather agencies monitor this basin, however it is officially monitored by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA, RSMC Tokyo), who is responsible for forecasting, naming and issuing warnings for tropical cyclones.^[1] Unofficially, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center also monitors the basin, however these warnings measures 1-minute sustained wind speeds, comparing their scale to the Saffir–Simpson scale.^[2] The JMA uses a simpler scale on classifying tropical cyclones adapted by the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee measuring 10-minute sustained wind speeds, ranging from a tropical depression, tropical storm, severe tropical storm and typhoon.^[3] Furthermore, the JMA divides the typhoon category into three sub-categories for domestic purposes – a strong typhoon, very strong typhoon and violent typhoon.^[3]

This article covers a list of systems developing in the Northwest Pacific basin that were classified by the JMA's category of a violent typhoon. The category of a violent typhoon ranges with 10-minute sustained winds of 105 kn (54 m/s; 121 mph; 194 km/h) or greater.^[3]

Systems

Key:

• Discontinuous duration (weakened below a "Violent" typhoon then restrengthened to that classification at least once.
• Italicised rows indicate information that is operational. The storm's duration, wind speeds, or pressure could change after its post-analysis.

20th century

Name	System dates	Duration (hours)	Sustained wind speeds	Pressure	Areas affected	Deaths	Damage (USD)
		18†				Unknown
		24
		12				None	None
		96					>
		6				None	None
		24				Unknown
		24				Unknown
		72				Unknown
		24				Unknown	Unknown
		54					Unknown
		72			None	None	None
		30†
		42
		12					Unknown
		18				None
		18					Unknown
		96†					Unknown
		18
		48†					Unknown
		36				None	None
		12					Unknown
		72
		6
		42
		42				None	None
		12
		36				None	None
		18
		48				None	None
		18				None	None
		6
		42
		18				None	None
		60					Unknown
		54				None
		36					None
		24
		18					None
		24
		24					None
		36
		30
		72
		36				None
		18

21st century

Name	System dates	Duration (hours)	Sustained wind speeds	Pressure	Areas affected	Deaths	Damage (USD)
		24
		12
		18
		78
		24
		12
		36				None	None
		24
		12				None	None
		24
		36
		27
		12
		18
		36				None	Unknown	^[4]
		36						^[5]
		36				None	None	^[6]
		36						^[7]
		24						^[8]
		24						^[9]
		60						^[10]
		6						^[11]
		36						^[12]
		36				None		^[13]
		54				None	None	^[14]
		42						^[15]
		24						^[16]
		18			None	None	None	^[17]
		48						^[18]
		36				None	Unknown	^[19]
		42						^[20]
		42						^[21]
		18						^[22]
		30						^[23]
		36						^[24]
		36						^[25]
		42						^[26]
		18						^[27]
		30						^[28]
		24						^[29]
		12			Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands	2	Unknown	^[30]
		18						^[31]
		36						^[32]
		90						^[33]
		18						^[34]
		30						^[35]
		48†						^[36]
		18				None		^[37]
		6						^[38]
		72						^[39]
		30			None	None	None	^[40]
		12
		36						^[41]
		42
		42				None
		18				None	None
		12†
		18†
		18
		72
		51				3
		45				None	Unknown

See also

• List of super typhoons
• Typhoon
• Pacific typhoon season
• Pacific typhoon season

External links

• Japan Meteorological Agency

Notes and References

1. WMO/ESCP Typhoon Committee . World Meteorological Organization . 2019. April 29, 2020. 1–7, 33–34 . Typhoon Committee Operational Manual Meteorological Component 2019 .
2. Web site: What are the description labels used with tropical cyclones by JTWC?. . Joint Typhoon Warning Center – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ). 2008-03-31. 2008-12-22.
3. Typhoon Committee. Typhoon Committee Operational Manual 2015. November 13, 2015. 2015. World Meteorological Organization.
4. Web site: RSMC Best Track 0914 CHOI-WAN (0914). https://archive.today/20240522102003/https://www.webcitation.org/5lGHopmQ6?url=http://rattleman.fortunecity.com/ChoiwanBT.txt. dead. 2024-05-22. November 13, 2009. Japan Meteorological Agency.
5. Web site: RSMC Best Track 0918 MELOR (0918). https://archive.today/20240522102321/https://www.webcitation.org/6bnhl47SV?url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt. dead. 2024-05-22. November 27, 2009. Japan Meteorological Agency.
6. Web site: RSMC Best Track 0924 NIDA (0924). https://archive.today/20240522102321/https://www.webcitation.org/6bnhl47SV?url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt. dead. 2024-05-22. January 12, 2010. Japan Meteorological Agency.
7. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1013 MEGI (1013). https://archive.today/20240522102321/https://www.webcitation.org/6bnhl47SV?url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt. dead. 2024-05-22. December 10, 2010. Japan Meteorological Agency.
8. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1102 SONGDA (1102). https://archive.today/20240522102321/https://www.webcitation.org/6bnhl47SV?url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt. dead. 2024-05-22. June 24, 2011. Japan Meteorological Agency.
9. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1216 SANBA (1216). https://archive.today/20240522102402/https://www.webcitation.org/6BS3YWDkS?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201210160400.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. October 16, 2012. Japan Meteorological Agency.
10. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1217 JELAWAT (1217). https://archive.today/20240522102244/https://www.webcitation.org/6BimLeMwx?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201210260300.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. October 26, 2012. Japan Meteorological Agency.
11. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1311 UTOR (1311). https://archive.today/20240522102522/https://www.webcitation.org/6JkCBhwIy?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201309100600.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. September 10, 2013. Japan Meteorological Agency.
12. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1319 USAGI (1319). https://archive.today/20240522102642/https://www.webcitation.org/6KZZ5MVT1?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201310230000.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. October 23, 2013. Japan Meteorological Agency.
13. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1327 FRANCISCO (1327). https://archive.today/20240522102804/https://www.webcitation.org/6LGWBpwgT?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201311200000.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. November 20, 2013. Japan Meteorological Agency.
14. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1328 LEKIMA (1328). https://archive.today/20240522102723/https://www.webcitation.org/6LGWBbN9i?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201311200200.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. November 20, 2013. Japan Meteorological Agency.
15. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1330 HAIYAN (1330). https://archive.today/20240522102929/https://www.webcitation.org/6Lx74uqrc?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201312180000.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. December 18, 2013. Japan Meteorological Agency.
16. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1411 HALONG (1411). https://archive.today/20240522102321/https://www.webcitation.org/6bnhl47SV?url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt. dead. 2024-05-22. September 3, 2014. Japan Meteorological Agency.
17. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1412 GENEVIEVE (1412). https://archive.today/20240522102321/https://www.webcitation.org/6bnhl47SV?url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt. dead. 2024-05-22. September 25, 2014. Japan Meteorological Agency.
18. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1419 VONGFONG (1419). https://archive.today/20240522102321/https://www.webcitation.org/6bnhl47SV?url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt. dead. 2024-05-22. November 21, 2014. Japan Meteorological Agency.
19. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1420 NURI (1420). https://archive.today/20240522102321/https://www.webcitation.org/6bnhl47SV?url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt. dead. 2024-05-22. November 26, 2014. Japan Meteorological Agency.
20. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1422 HAGUPIT (1422). https://archive.today/20240522102321/https://www.webcitation.org/6bnhl47SV?url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt. dead. 2024-05-22. January 9, 2015. Japan Meteorological Agency.
21. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1504 MAYSAK (1504). https://archive.today/20240522103450/https://www.webcitation.org/6YdjnSkbx?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201505190100.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. May 19, 2015. Japan Meteorological Agency.
22. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1506 NOUL (1506). https://archive.today/20240522103610/https://www.webcitation.org/6ZWUVm4eV?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201506240600.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. June 24, 2015. Japan Meteorological Agency.
23. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1513 SOUDELOR (1513). https://archive.today/20240522102321/https://www.webcitation.org/6bnhl47SV?url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt. dead. 2024-05-22. September 25, 2015. Japan Meteorological Agency.
24. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1521 DUJUAN (1521). https://archive.today/20240522102442/https://www.webcitation.org/6cyvncBYB?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201511120600.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. November 12, 2015. Japan Meteorological Agency.
25. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1601 NEPARTAK (1601). https://archive.today/20240522102603/https://www.webcitation.org/6jwl1ldEF?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201608220500.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. August 22, 2016. Japan Meteorological Agency.
26. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1614 MERANTI (1614). https://archive.today/20240522102847/https://www.webcitation.org/6lQKOI5FZ?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201610210800.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. October 21, 2016. Japan Meteorological Agency.
27. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1618 CHABA (1618). https://archive.today/20240528001730/https://www.webcitation.org/6lgiYcoA7?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201611010100.htm. dead. 2024-05-28. November 1, 2016. Japan Meteorological Agency.
28. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1622 HAIMA (1622). https://archive.today/20240522103010/https://www.webcitation.org/6mCx8jqX3?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201611220800.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. November 22, 2016. Japan Meteorological Agency.
29. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1630 NOCK-TEN (1630). https://archive.today/20240522103048/https://www.webcitation.org/6nkMJQJgA?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201701240100.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. January 24, 2017. Japan Meteorological Agency.
30. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1803 JELAWAT (1803). https://archive.today/20240522103528/https://www.webcitation.org/6ywRT89gr?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201804250500.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. April 25, 2018. Japan Meteorological Agency.
31. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1808 MARIA (1808). https://archive.today/20240522103652/https://www.webcitation.org/721wiIy5X?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201808290500.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. August 29, 2018. Japan Meteorological Agency.
32. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1821 JEBI (1821). https://archive.today/20240522103809/https://www.webcitation.org/73J9fQNvS?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201810190500.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. October 19, 2018. Japan Meteorological Agency.
33. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1822 MANGKHUT (1822). https://archive.today/20240522103729/https://www.webcitation.org/73g5CXZCN?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201810260800.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. October 26, 2018. Japan Meteorological Agency.
34. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1824 TRAMI (1824). https://archive.today/20240522103851/https://www.webcitation.org/74NzKTrmh?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201812030400.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. December 3, 2018. Japan Meteorological Agency.
35. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1825 KONG-REY (1825). https://archive.today/20240522103931/https://www.webcitation.org/74P3XGzWH?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201812040000.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. December 4, 2018. Japan Meteorological Agency.
36. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1826 YUTU (1826). https://archive.today/20240522104012/https://www.webcitation.org/74P4wK0tm?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/AXPQ20-RJTD_201812040200.htm. dead. 2024-05-22. December 4, 2018. Japan Meteorological Agency.
37. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1902 WUTIP (1903). April 3, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190403030337/https://tgftp.nws.noaa.gov/data/raw/ax/axpq20.rjtd..txt. 2019-04-03. Japan Meteorological Agency.
38. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1909 LEKIMA (1909). October 3, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191004033401/https://www.wis-jma.go.jp/d/o/RJTD/Alphanumeric/Analysis/Miscellaneous/20191003/040000/A_AXPQ20RJTD030400_C_RJTD_20191003042517_35.txt. 2019-10-04. Japan Meteorological Agency.
39. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1919 HAGIBIS (1919). November 29, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191204051357/https://www.wis-jma.go.jp/d/o/RJTD/Alphanumeric/Analysis/Miscellaneous/20191129/000000/A_AXPQ20RJTD290000_C_RJTD_20191129005917_57.txt. 2019-12-04. Japan Meteorological Agency.
40. Web site: RSMC Best Track 1923 HALONG (1923). December 24, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191230140743/https://www.wis-jma.go.jp/d/o/RJTD/Alphanumeric/Analysis/Miscellaneous/20191224/070000/A_AXPQ20RJTD240700_C_RJTD_20191224075018_84.txt. 2019-12-30. Japan Meteorological Agency.
41. Web site: RSMC Best Track 2019 GONI (2019). February 4, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210205153722/https://www.wis-jma.go.jp/d/o/RJTD/Alphanumeric/Analysis/Miscellaneous/20210204/040000/A_AXPQ20RJTD040400_C_RJTD_20210204044417_66.txt. 2021-02-05. Japan Meteorological Agency.