List of the orchids of Ireland explained

This is an annotated list of the orchids found in Ireland.

Genus Anacamptis Rich.

• Anacamptis morio (Linnaeus) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase.

Distribution. Southern half of Ireland but not Southwest Map Status. Endangered.^[1]

• EOL images of Anacamptis morio
• Anacamptis pyramidalis (Linnaeus) Richard.

Distribution. Most of Ireland.Map ^[2]

• EOL images of Anacamptis pyramidalis

Genus Cephalanthera L.C.M. Richard

• Cephalanthera longifolia (Linnaeus) Fritsch.

Distribution.Scattered over Ireland. Extinct Northern Ireland Map Status.Endangered.^[1]

• EOL images of Cephalanthera longifolia

Genus Coeloglossum Hartm.

valid combination Dactylorhiza viridis

Genus Dactylorhiza Necker ex Nevski

• Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó.

Distribution. All of Ireland Map

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza fuchsii
• Dactylorhiza fuchsii subspecies hebridensis (Wilmott) Soó
• Dactylorhiza fuchsii subspecies fuchsii (Druce) Soó
• Dactylorhiza fuchsii subspecies okellyi (Druce) Soó
• Dactylorhiza incarnata (Linnaeus) Soó.

Distribution.All of Ireland Map

• Dactylorhiza incarnata subspecies cruenta (O.F. Müller) Soó See Kew World Checklist

Distribution Map

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza incarnata
• Dactylorhiza incarnata subspecies coccinea (Pugsley) Soó
• Dactylorhiza incarnata subspecies incarnata (Linnaeus)

• Dactylorhiza incarnata subspecies pulchella (Druce) Soó
• Dactylorhiza maculata auctorum hibernicorum.

Distribution. All of Ireland Map

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza maculata
• Dactylorhiza majalis (Reichenb.) Hunt & Summerhayes.

Distribution. Widespread Map^[3]

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza majalis
• Dactylorhiza majalis subspecies occidentalis (Pugsley) P. Delforge Synonym of Dactylorhiza kerryensis (Wilmott) P.F. Hunt & Summerhayes. See Kew World Checklist and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=55382

Distribution. Western, Northern and Central Ireland Map

• Dactylorhiza purpurella (T. Stephenson & T.A. Stephenson) Soó

Distribution. All Ireland. Mainly North Map

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza purpurella
• Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Sauter) Soó. Distribution. All Ireland.Scattered.Map

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza traunsteineri
• Dactylorhiza viridis (Linnaeus) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase synonym Coeloglossum viride (Linnaeus) Hartman.

Distribution. All Ireland.Map

• EOL images of Dactylorhiza viridis

nothosubspecies of = Dactylorhiza (hybrid subspecies)

• x braunii (Halácsy) Borsos & Soó
• x claudiopolitana (Soó) Soó
• x formosa (T. & T.A. Stephenson) Soó
• x jenensis (Brand.) Soó
• x kellerana P.F. Hunt
• x kernerorum (Soó) Soó
• x townsendiana (Rouy) Soó
• x transiens (Druce) Soó
• x venusta (T. & T.A. Stephenson) Soó
• Dactylorhiza fuchsii x incarnata subsp. cruenta

Genus Epipactis Zinn

• Epipactis atrorubens (Hoffm.) Besser.

Distribution. Western Ireland. Map

• EOL images of Epipactis atrorubens
• Epipactis helleborine (Linnaeus) Crantz.

Distribution. All Ireland. Map

• EOL images of Epipactis helleborine
• Epipactis palustris (Linnaeus) Crantz.

Distribution. All Ireland. Map

• EOL images of Epipactis palustris
• Epipactis phyllanthes G.E. Smith.

Distribution.Confined to North and coastal East Map

• EOL images of Epipactis phyllanthes

Genus Gymnadenia R. Brown

• Gymnadenia borealis (Druce) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase.

Distribution. Restricted. Map

• Gymnadenia conopsea (Linnaeus) R. Brown.

Distribution.All Ireland Map

• EOL images of Gymnadenia conopsea
• Gymnadenia densiflora (Wahlenb.) A. Dietr. = Gymnadenia × densiflora (Wahlenb.) A.Dietr., Allg. Gartenzeitung 7: 170 (1839) only this hybrid name is accepted. Hybrid Formula: G. conopsea × G. odoratissima

Distribution. Restricted. North map

nothosubspecies of Gymnadenia (hybrid subspecies)

• x Dactylogymnadenia cookei (H. Harrison fil.) Soó
• x Dactylogymnadenia legrandiana (Camus) Soó
• x Dactylogymnadenia varia (T. & T.A. Stephenson) Soó

Genus Hammarbya O. Kuntze

• Hammarbya paludosa (Linnaeus) Kuntze.

Distribution.All Ireland.Coastal Map Status.Endangered.^[1]

• EOL images of Hammarbya paludosa

Genus Leucorchis E. Mey

valid combination Pseudorchis albida (Linnaeus) A. Löve & D. Löve. See below

Genus Listera R. Brown

Valid combination Neottia cordata (L.) Rich. Valid combination Neottia ovata (Linnaeus) Bluff & Fingerh.

Genus Neotinea Reichb. f.

• Neotinea maculata (Desfontaines) W.L. Stearn

Distribution. WesternIreland (24 Hectads) Map

• EOL images of Neotinea maculata

Genus Neottia Ludwig

• Neottia cordata (L.) Rich.

Distribution. All Ireland. Fewer records Midland Map

• EOL images of Neottia cordata
• Neottia ovata (Linnaeus) Bluff & Fingerh.

Distribution. All Ireland.Map

• EOL images of Neottia ovata
• Neottia nidus-avis (Linnaeus) L.C.M.Richard

Distribution.All Ireland. Map

• EOL images of Neottia nidus-avis

Genus Ophrys Linnaeus

• Ophrys apifera Hudson

Distribution.All Ireland. Map

• EOL images of Ophrys apifera
• Ophrys insectifera Linnaeus

Distribution.Central and West Ireland (karst). Map

• EOL images of Ophrys insectifera

Genus Orchis

• Orchis mascula Linnaeus

Distribution.All Ireland. Map

• EOL images of Orchis mascula

Genus Platanthera L.C.M. Richard

• Platanthera bifolia (Linnaeus) L.C.M. Richard

Distribution.All Ireland. Map

• EOL images of Platanthera bifolia
• Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Reichenb.

Distribution.All Ireland. Map

• EOL images of Platanthera chlorantha

Genus Pseudorchis Séguier

• Pseudorchis albida (Linnaeus) A. Löve & D. Löve

Distribution.All Ireland. Map Status.Endangered^[4]

• EOL images of Pseudorchis albida

Genus Spiranthes Rich.

• Spiranthes spiralis (Linnaeus) Chevall.

Distribution. South Ireland. Map

• EOL images of Spiranthes spiralis
• Spiranthes romanzoffiana Cham.

Distribution.North, Galway Mayo Buttress and Southwest Map Status. Endangered.^[4]

• EOL images of Spiranthes romanzoffiana

Synonyms

See WCSP 2012. World Checklist of selected plant families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2012-October-24.

See also

National Biodiversity Network Maps and data

References

• Bateman, R.M., Pridgeon, A.M. & Chase, M.W. (1997). Phylogenetics of subtribe Orchidinae (Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae) based on nuclear its sequences. 2. Infrageneric relationships and reclassification to achieve monophyly of Orchis sensu stricto. Lindleyana 12: 113-141.
• Bateman, Richard M, 2011 Glacial progress: do we finally understand thenarrow-leaved marsh-orchids? New Journal of Botany Volume 1, Number 1, June 2011, pp. 2–15(14) pdf
• O'Reilly, P. & Parker, S. (2007). The first nature guide to wild orchids in the Burren. pp. [1]-67. Lladdysul: First Nature.
• Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. (1987). Census catalogue of the flora of Ireland. A list of Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae and Angiospermae including all the native plants and established aliens known to occur in Ireland with the distribution of each species, and recommended Irish and English names. pp. [i]-xxvii, 1-171, Map. Dublin: Stationery Office.
• Sayers, B. & Sex, S. (2008). Ireland's wild orchids a field guide. pp. [i-iii], i-x, 1-109. Galway: Propeller.
• Kingston, N.. (2009). Checklist of protected & rare species in Ireland. pp. 1–15.
• Turner Ettlinger, D.M. (1976). British and Irish orchids a field guide. pp. [i]-vi, 1-141. London & Basignstoke: The Macmillan Press Ltd.
• Webb, D.A. & Scannell, M.J.P. (1983). Flora of Connemara and the Burren. pp. i-xlv, 1-322, 4 colour pls; 25 black and white illustrations. Dublin & Cambridge: Royal Dublin Society & Cambridge University Press.
• Harrap, Anne & Simon Harrap (2009) Orchids of Britain & Ireland: A Field and Site Guide, 2nd ed., A & C Black, London. .
• Lang, David (1980) Orchids of Britain: a field guide. Oxford University Press
• Pierre Delforge, 2006 Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East Portland, Or. : Timber Press 3rd Edition
• Karl-Peter Buttler, 1986 Orchideen, die wildwachsenden Arten Europas. Mosaik Verlag
• H. Baumann, S. Künkele, 1982 Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas. Frankh
• Robert L. Dressler,1996 Die Orchideen - Biologie und Systematik der Orchidaceae.
• Hans Sundermann, 1975 Europäische und mediterrane Orchideen. Brücke-Verlag, 2. Auflage
• J. G. Williams, Orchideen Europas mit Nordafrika und Kleinasien. BLV Verlag,
• Kreutz, C.A.J., 2004 Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen Landgraaf Kreutz Lists all subspecies, forma and other names.
• Preston C. D., Pearman D. A. and Dines T.D., 2002 New Atlas of the British & Irish Flora Oxford University Press Verified and standardised maps.

External links

• Biodiversity Ireland includes datasets and maps
• http://www.wildflowersofireland.net/groups.php
• Online Atlas of the British and Irish flora Biological Records Centre Information organised under :- Photos, Maps, Habitats, Life Form, Distribution, Conservation Status, Other Accounts, References.
• Orchids of France Pierre Delforge, 2000 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Endangered plants in Ireland. Glasnevin Botanic Gardens.
2. Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M.,1987. Census catalogue of the flora of Ireland. A list of Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae and Angiospermae including all the native plants and established aliens known to occur in Ireland with the distribution of each species, and recommended Irish and English names pp. [i]-xxvii, 1-171, Map. Dublin: Stationery Office
3. Webb, D.A. & Scannell, M.J.P., 1983. Flora of Connemara and the Burren. pp. i-xlv, 1-322, 4 colour pls; 25 black and white illustrations. Dublin & Cambridge: Royal Dublin Society & Cambridge University Press.
4. Web site: Endangered plants in Ireland. Glasnevin Botanic Gardens.