List of tallest freestanding structures explained

This is a list of tallest freestanding structures in the world past and present. To be freestanding a structure must not be supported by guy wires, the sea or other types of auxiliary support. It therefore does not include guyed masts, partially guyed towers and drilling platforms but does include towers, skyscrapers (pinnacle height) and chimneys.^[1]

Freestanding structures (past or present) over 350m (1,150feet)

• indicates a structure that is no longer standing.
• For all structures the pinnacle height is given, so the height of skyscrapers may be different from the values at List of tallest buildings in the world.
• Structures under construction are included in the main list if their current height is over 350m (1,150feet).

	Name	Pinnacle height (m / ft)		Ye­ar	Type	Main use	Country	City	Remarks	Coordinates
1	Burj Khalifa	828	2,716	2010	Skyscraper	Office, residential apartments, restaurant, hotel		Dubai	Tallest freestanding structure in the world 2007–Present. Topped out in 2009.	25.1972°N 55.2741°W
2	Merdeka 118	678.9	2,227	2022	Skyscraper	Shopping complex, office, housing properties, hotel		Kuala Lumpur	Tallest freestanding structure in Southeast Asia. Topped out in 2022.	3.1417°N 101.7006°W
3	Tokyo Skytree	634	2,080	2012	Communi­cations tower	Observation, UHF/VHF transmission, restaurant, cafe		Tokyo	Tallest structure in the OECD, tallest tower in the world.	35.7101°N 139.8108°W
4	Shanghai Tower	632	2,073	2015	Skyscraper	Residential, observation, office		Shanghai	Topped out in August 2013. Tallest structure in China.	31.2355°N 121.501°W
5	Canton Tower	604	1,982	2010	Communi­cations tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission, cafe, restaurant		Guangzhou	Topped out in 2009.	23.1065°N 113.3246°W
6	Makkah Clock Royal Tower	601	1,972	2012	Skyscraper	Hotel, shopping mall		Mecca	Tallest clock tower in the world	21.4189°N 39.8264°W
7	Ping An International Finance Center	599.1	1,969	2017	Skyscraper	Office, retail		Shenzhen	Topped out in 2015.	22.5364°N 114.0504°W
8	Goldin Finance 117	596.5	1,957	–	Skyscraper	Hotel, residential, commercial offices		Tianjin	Topped out in 2015, still uncompleted in 2024. World's tallest unoccupied building.^[2]	39.0891°N 117.0802°W
9	Lotte World Tower	555.65	1,823	2017	Skyscraper	Retail, residential, hotel, offices, observation deck		Seoul	Topped out in 2016. Tallest building in the OECD.	37.5125°N 127.1028°W
10	CN Tower	553.3	1,815	1976	Communi­cations tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission, restaurant		Toronto	World's tallest freestanding structure 1975–2007, tallest freestanding in the Western Hemisphere.	43.6419°N -79.3873°W
11	One World Trade Center	546.2	1,776	2014	Skyscraper	Office, observation, communication, cafe, restaurant		New York City	Tallest freestanding structure in the USA, second in the Western Hemisphere.	40.713°N -74.0135°W
12	Ostankino Tower	540.1	1,772	1967	Communi­cations tower	Observation, restaurant, UHF/VHF-transmission		Moscow	World's tallest freestanding 1967–75, tallest in Europe. Renovated after a 2000 fire.	55.8197°N 37.6117°W
13	Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre	530	1,739	2016	Skyscraper	Office, residential, hotel		Guangzhou	Topped out in July 2014.	23.1203°N 113.3206°W
14	Tianjin CTF Finance Centre	530	1,739	2019	Skyscraper	Office, residential, hotel		Tianjin		39.0217°N 117.6981°W
15		527.7	1,731	2018	Skyscraper	Office, observation		Beijing	Tallest building in Beijing.
16	Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower)	527	1,729	1974	Skyscraper	Office, observation, UHF/VHF transmission, later United Airlines HQ^[3]		Chicago	Tallest building in the world 1974–1998 (by structural height).	41.8789°N -87.6362°W
17	One World Trade Center (1973–2001)	526.7 ^[4]	1,728	1973	Skyscraper	Office, observation		New York City	Destroyed 11 Sep 2001. Tallest freestanding structure that no longer exists; world's tallest building 1972–74.
18	Taipei 101	509.2	1,671	2004	Skyscraper	Multi-use		Taipei	World's tallest skyscraper 2004–10, first to exceed 500 m /1,640 ft structural height.	25.0336°N 121.5644°W
19	Shanghai World Financial Center	494	1,617	2008	Skyscraper	Multi-use		Shanghai	Tallest building in China 2007–2009.	31.2367°N 121.5028°W
20	International Commerce Centre	484	1,588	2010	Skyscraper	Office		Hong Kong	Tallest building in Hong Kong.	22.3033°N 114.1603°W
21	Central Park Tower	472	1,550	2020	Skyscraper	Residential, retail		New York City	World's tallest residential building	40.7663°N -73.981°W
22	Landmark 81	470	1,540	2018	Skyscraper	Hotel, residential, observation		Ho Chi Minh City
23	Oriental Pearl Tower	467.9	1,535	1994	Concrete tower	Communication tower		Shanghai	Tallest structure in China (including Hong Kong), 1994–2007.	31.2417°N 121.495°W
24	Lakhta Center	462.5	1,517	2019	Skyscraper	Office		Saint-Petersburg	Russia's tallest building since 2019.
25	John Hancock Center	457.2	1,500	1969	Skyscraper	Office, residential, UHF/VHF-transmission		Chicago	World's tallest mixed-use building 1969–2008.	41.8988°N -87.623°W
26	Petronas Tower 1	451.9	1,483	1998	Skyscraper	Office, observation		Kuala Lumpur	Tallest twin towers in the world. Tallest building in the world 1998–2004.	3.1579°N 101.7117°W
27	Petronas Tower 2	451.9	1,483	1998	Skyscraper	Office, observation		Kuala Lumpur		3.1579°N 101.7117°W
28	Greenland Square Zifeng Tower	450	1,476	2010	Skyscraper	Mixed-use		Nanjing	Topped-out in 2008.	32.0625°N 118.7781°W
29	Empire State Building	443.2	1,454	1931	Skyscraper	Office, observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		New York City	Tallest freestanding structure 1931–1967, tallest skyscraper –1973. First skyscraper with 100+ stories.	40.7483°N -73.9858°W
30	KK100	441.8	1,449	2011	Skyscraper	Mixed use		Shenzhen		22.5466°N 114.1018°W
31	Guangzhou West Tower	440	1,444	2009	Skyscraper	Mixed use		Guangzhou		23.1203°N 113.3181°W
32	111 West 57th Street	435	1,428	2020	Skyscraper	Residential		New York City	Thinnest skyscraper in the world	40.7646°N -73.9777°W
33	Milad Tower	435	1,427	2003	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Tehran	Tallest structure in Iran.	35.7444°N 51.375°W
34	One Vanderbilt	427	1,401	2020	Skyscraper	Office, observation		New York City		40.753°N -73.9785°W
35	Marina 101	426.5	1,399	2016	Skyscraper	Hotel and hotel apartments		Dubai		22.0895°N 55.1489°W
36	432 Park Avenue	426	1,396	2015	Skyscraper	Residential		New York City		40.7611°N -73.9714°W
37	Trump International Hotel and Tower	423.4	1,389	2009	Skyscraper	Hotel, condominium		Chicago	World's tallest concrete formwork structure upon completion. Originally planned to be the world's tallest building in 2001.	41.8889°N -87.6267°W
38	Jin Mao Tower	421.5	1,383	1998	Skyscraper	Hotel, office, observation		Shanghai	Tallest skyscraper in China, 1998–2007.	31.2372°N 121.5014°W
39	Kuala Lumpur Tower	421	1,381	1995	Concrete tower	Observation, restaurant, UHF/VHF-transmission		Kuala Lumpur		3.1528°N 101.7033°W
40	GRES-2 Power Station Chimney	419.7	1,377	1987	Chimney	Power station		Ekibastusz	Tallest chimney in the world.	52.0222°N 75.4783°W
41	Two International Finance Centre	415.4	1,363	2003	Skyscraper	Office		Hong Kong		22.285°N 114.1592°W
42	Two World Trade Center	415.3	1,362	1973	Skyscraper	Office, observation		New York City	Destroyed on 11 September 2001.
43	Tianjin Radio and Television Tower	415.2	1,362	1991	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Tianjin		39.0919°N 117.175°W
44	Al Hamra Tower	414	1,358	2012	Skyscraper	Mall, offices		Kuwait City	World's tallest curved concrete tower	29.379°N 47.9932°W
45	Haeundae LCT The Sharp Landmark Tower	411.6	1,350	2019	Skyscraper	Hotel, residential		Busan		35.1597°N 129.1564°W
46	Central Radio and TV Tower	405	1,329	1992	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Beijing		39.9181°N 116.3003°W
47	CITIC Plaza	391.1	1,283	1997	Skyscraper	Office		Guangzhou		23.1444°N 113.3194°W
48	Zhongyuan Tower	388	1,273	2010	Concrete/ steel tower	UHF/VHF-transmission		Zhengzhou		34.7247°N 113.7228°W
49	30 Hudson Yards	386	1,268	2019	Skyscraper	Office, observation, retail		New York City	Highest outdoor observation deck in the Western Hemisphere.	40.7547°N -74.0038°W
50	Kyiv TV Tower	385	1,263	1973	Lattice tower	UHF/VHF-transmission		Kyiv	Attacked on 1 March 2022.	50.4711°N 30.4533°W
51	Shun Hing Square	384	1,259	1996	Skyscraper	Office		Shenzhen		22.5453°N 114.1058°W
52	Inco Superstack	380	1,250	1971	Chimney	Nickel smelter		Sudbury	Tallest chimney in the western hemisphere.	46.4801°N -81.0565°W
53	85 Sky Tower	378	1,240	1997	Skyscraper	Hotel, office, observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Kaohsiung		22.6117°N 120.3°W
54	Emirates Park Towers	376	1,233	2012	Skyscraper	Hotel		Dubai		25.1856°N 55.2566°W
55	Tashkent Tower	374.9	1,230	1984	Concrete/ steel tower	UHF/VHF-transmission, observation		Tashkent		41.3456°N 69.2846°W
56	Central Plaza	374	1,227	1992	Skyscraper	Office		Hong Kong		22.28°N 114.1736°W
57	Liberation Tower	372	1,220	1993	Concrete tower	UHF/VHF-transmission, observation		Kuwait City		29.3683°N 47.975°W
58	Almaty Tower	371.5	1,219	1983	Steel tower	UHF/VHF-transmission		Almaty	Tallest free-standing tubular steel structure.	43.2289°N 76.9761°W
59	4th Chimney of Homer City Generating Station	371	1,217	1977	Chimney	Power station		Homer City, Pennsyl­vania		40.5108°N -79.1936°W
60	Kennecott Garfield Smelter Stack	370.4	1,215	1974	Chimney	Copper smelter		Magna, Utah	Tallest free-standing structure west of the Mississippi.	40.7217°N -112.1978°W
61	Zhoushan Island Overhead Powerline Tie North tower	370	1,214	2010	Lattice tower	Transmission tower		Zhoushan Island	Tallest set of electricity pylons in the world.	29.9341°N 122.0361°W
62	Zhoushan Island Overhead Powerline Tie South tower	370	1,214	2010	Lattice tower	Transmission tower		Zhoushan Island	Tallest set of electricity pylons in the world.	29.9115°N 122.024°W
63	Chimney of Beryozovskaya GRES	370	1,214	1985	Chimney	Power station		Sharypovo	Tallest chimney in Russia.	55.5794°N 89.0725°W
64	Riga Radio and TV Tower	368.5	1,209	1987	Steel tower	UHF/VHF-transmission, observation		Riga	Tallest structure in the European Union.	56.9239°N 24.1372°W
65	Berliner Fernsehturm	368	1,207	1969	Concrete tower	Restaurant, UHF/VHF-transmission, observation		Berlin	Tallest structure in Germany.	52.5208°N 13.4094°W
66	2nd Chimney of Mitchell Power Plant	367.6	1,206	1968	Chimney	Power station		Moundsville, West Virginia		39.9089°N -80.7615°W
67	Bank of China Tower	367.4	1,205	1990	Skyscraper	Office		Hong Kong	First skyscraper outside the USA to exceed 1,000 ft (305 metres).	22.2792°N 114.1614°W
68	Bank of America Tower (Manhattan)	366	1,200	2009	Skyscraper	Office		New York City		40.7553°N -73.9842°W
69	Aon Center	362.5	1,189	1973	Skyscraper			Chicago		41.8853°N -87.6214°W
70	Trbovlje Power Station	360	1,183	1976	Chimney	Power station		Trbovlje	Tallest chimney in Europe.	46.1259°N 15.062°W
71	Almas Tower	360	1,181	2008	Skyscraper	Office		Dubai		25.069°N 55.1412°W
72	The Pinnacle	360	1,181	2011	Skyscraper	Mixed use		Guangzhou		23.1278°N 113.318°W
73	Endesa Termic	356	1,168	1974	Chimney	Power station		As Pontes, Galicia		43.4414°N -7.8626°W
74	SEG Plaza	355.8	1,167	2000	Skyscraper	Office		Shenzhen		22.5443°N 114.0826°W
75	First Canadian Place	355	1,165	1975	Skyscraper	Office, UHF/VHF-transmission		Toronto	Tallest skyscraper in Canada.	43.6486°N -79.3817°W
76	Emirates Office Tower	354.6	1,163	2000	Skyscraper	Office		Dubai		25.1303°N 55.1658°W
77	Chimney of Phoenix Copper Smelter	351.5	1,153	1995	Chimney	Copper smelter		Baia Mare	Tallest structure in Romania.	47.6528°N 23.6053°W
78	Stratosphere Tower	350.2	1,149	1996	Concrete tower	Observation, ride		Las Vegas	Tallest observation tower in the USA.	36.1472°N -115.1553°W
79	Colombo Lotus Tower	350	1,150	2018	Concrete tower	Communication, Observation		Colombo	Tallest structure in Sri Lanka.	6.9269°N 79.8583°W
80	3rd Chimney of Syrdarya Power Plant	350	1,148	1980	Chimney	Power station		Shirin		40.2281°N 69.1006°W

Other freestanding structures (past or present): between 300m (1,000feet) and 350m (1,150feet)

Name	Pinnacle height (metres / feet)		Year	Structural type	Main use	Country	City	Remarks
Yangtze River Crossing North Tower	347	1,138	2003	Lattice tower	Electricity pylon		Jiangyin	Second tallest set of electricity pylons in the world
Yangtze River Crossing South Tower	347	1,138	2003	Lattice tower	Electricity pylon		Jiangyin	Second tallest set of electricity pylons in the world
The Center	346	1,135	1998	Skyscraper			Hong Kong
Neva tower 2	345	1,132	2019	Skyscraper			Moscow
Chimney of Teruel Power Plant	343	1,125	1981	Chimney	Power station		Teruel
Chimney of Teruel Power Plant	343	1,125	1981	Chimney	Power station		Teruel
4 Times Square	340.7	1,118	2000	Skyscraper			New York City
Chimney of Plomin Power Station	340	1,115	?	Chimney	Power station		Plomin
Mercury City Tower	338.8	1,112	2012	Skyscraper			Moscow
West Pearl Tower	338	1,109	2004	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Chengdu
Macau Tower	338	1,109	2001	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Macau
Europaturm	337.5	1,107	1979	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Frankfurt/Main
Chimney of Power Station Westerholt	337	1,106	1981	Chimney	Power station		Gelsenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia	Demolished on 3 December 2006. Tallest free-standing structure ever demolished in a controlled manner.
The Marina Torch	336.1	1,105	2011	Skyscraper	Residential		Dubai	Damaged by fire in 2015.
Wilshire Grand Center	336	1,102	2017	Skyscraper	Office / Hotel		Los Angeles	Tallest skyscraper in North America located west of the Mississippi River.
Chimney of Mountaineer Power Plant	336	1,102	1980	Chimney	Power station		New Haven, West Virginia
Dragon Tower	336	1,102	2000	Lattice tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Harbin
Chimney of the Cuciurgan power station	335	1,099	1980	Chimney	Power plant		Nezavertailovca^[5]
Rose Tower	333	1,093	2007	Skyscraper			Dubai
Shimao International Plaza	333	1,093	2006	Skyscraper			Shanghai
Parc1 Tower A	333	1,093	2020	Skyscraper	Office		Seoul
Tokyo Tower	332.6	1,091	1958	Lattice tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Tokyo	Second tallest structure in Japan.
Minsheng Bank Building	331	1,087	2007	Skyscraper			Wuhan
Emley Moor TV Tower	330.4	1,084	1970	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Huddersfield, Yorkshire	Tallest structure in the United Kingdom.
Eiffel Tower	330	1,083	1889	Lattice tower	Observation, restaurant, UHF/VHF-transmission		Paris	Tallest structure in the world from 1889 to 1930; first structure to exceed 300 metres in height.
Ryugyong Hotel	330	1,083	1992	Skyscraper			Pyongyang
Chimney of Ekibastuz GRES-1	330	1,083	1982	Chimney	Power station		Ekibastuz
2 Chimneys of Permskaya GRES	330	1,083	1987/1990	Chimney	Power station		Dobryanka
2 Chimneys of Reftinskaya GRES	330	1,083	1980	Chimney	Power station		Reftinskiy
Chimney of Kharkiv TEC-5	330	1,083	1981	Chimney	Power station		Podvirky, Kharkiv Oblast
Chimney of Zuevska thermal power station	330	1,083	1982	Chimney	Power station		Zuhres, Donetsk Oblast^[6]
WITI TV Tower	329.4	1,081	1962	Lattice tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Shorewood (Milwaukee), Wisconsin
Three World Trade Center	328.9	1,079	2018	Skyscraper	Office		New York City
Sky Tower	328	1,076	1997	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Auckland	Tallest freestanding structure in the Southern Hemisphere.
Vilnius TV Tower	327	1,073	1980	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Vilnius
St. Petersburg TV Tower	326	1,070	1962	Lattice tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		St. Petersburg
Salesforce Tower	326	1,070	2018	Skyscraper	Commercial offices, retail		San Francisco
Chimney of Pirdop copper smelter and refinery	325.4	1,068	1982	Chimney	Copper smelter		Pirdop
Azabudai Hills Mori JP Tower	325	1,066	2023	Skyscraper	Commercial offices, retail, residences		Tokyo	Tallest building in Japan.
Chimney of Maritza East Power Station	325	1,066	1977/1980	Chimney	Power station		Stara Zagora
WHDH-TV Tower	323.8	1,062	1994	Lattice tower	UHF/VHF-transmission		Newton, Massachusetts
Rameswaram TV Tower	323	1,059.7	1995	Concrete and lattice tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Tamil Nadu	Tallest structure in India.
Q1	323	1,058	2005	Skyscraper			Gold Coast	Tallest building (architectural top) in Australia.
Burj Al Arab	321	1,053	1999	Skyscraper			Dubai
2 Chimneys of Kirishskaya GRES	320	1,050	1984/1986	Chimney	Power station		Kirishi
Chimney of Ryazanskaya GRES	320	1,050	1973	Chimney	Power station		Novomichurinsk
2 Chimneys of Tobolsk TEC	320	1,050	1983	Chimney	Power station		Tobolsk
Chimney of Kostromskaya GRES	320	1,050	1980	Chimney	Power station		Volgorechensk
Chimney of Zaporozhskaya GRES	320	1,050	1972	Chimney	Power station		Enerhodar
Chimney of Vuhlehirska thermal power plant	320	1,050	197?	Chimney	Power station		Svitlodarsk
Chrysler Building	319	1,046	1930	Skyscraper			New York City	Tallest structure in the world 1930–1931.
Nina Tower I	319	1,046	2006	Skyscraper			Hong Kong
New York Times Building	319	1,046	2007	Skyscraper			New York City
Jiangsu Nanjing TV Tower	318.5	1,045	1996	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Nanjing
Grand Hyatt Manila	318	1,043	2017	Skyscraper	Residential		Taguig, Metro Manila	The tallest building in the Philippines.
KCTV-Tower	317.6	1,042	1956	Lattice tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Kansas City
Chimney of Rockport Power Plant	316.4	1,038	1984	Chimney	Power station		Rockport, Indiana
Magnolias Waterfront Residences at Iconsiam	316	1,038	2018	Skyscraper	Residential, Hotel		Bangkok
Atlanta Turner Broadcasting Tower	314.3	1,031	1967	Lattice tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Atlanta, Georgia	Disassembled in 2010.
MahaNakhon	314	1,031	2018	Skyscraper	Residential, Retail, Hotel, Observation		Bangkok
Tallinn TV Tower	312.3	1,025	1980	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Tallinn
Bank of America Plaza	312	1,023	1992	Skyscraper			Atlanta
TV Tower Yerevan	311.7	1,023	1977	Lattice tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Yerevan
Tortoise Mountain TV Tower	311.4	1,022	1986	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Wuhan
U.S. Bank Tower	311	1,018	1990	Skyscraper			Los Angeles
Menara Telekom	310	1,017	2001	Skyscraper			Kuala Lumpur
Azeri TV Tower	310	1,017	1996	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Baku
Chimney of Ugljevik Power Plant	310	1,017	1985	Chimney	Power station		Ugljevik
Varso	310	1,017	2022	Skyscraper	Office		Warsaw	Tallest skyscraper in the European Union.
The Shard	309.6	1,016	2012	Skyscraper			London	Tallest skyscraper in the United Kingdom
Kingdom Centre	309	1,015	2002	Skyscraper			Riyadh
Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel	309	1,014	2000	Skyscraper			Dubai
Sydney Tower	309	1,014	1981	Concrete tower	Observation, restaurant, UHF/VHF-transmission		Sydney
Eurasia	308.9	1,013	2013	Skyscraper			Moscow
AT&T Corporate Center	307	1,007	1989	Skyscraper			Chicago
Chimney of Harllee Branch Power Plant	307	1,007	1978	Chimney	Power station		Milledgeville, Georgia	Demolished on 15 October 2016
Chimney of Buschhaus Power Station	307	1,007	1984	Chimney	Power station		Helmstedt, Lower Saxony
Liaoning Broadcast and TV Tower	305.5	1,002	1989	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Shenyang
JPMorgan Chase Tower	305	1,002	1982	Skyscraper			Houston	Tallest five-sided skyscraper in the world.
Chimney of Harrison Power Station Scrubber	305	1,001	1994	Chimney	Power station		Haywood, West Virginia
Chimney of Robert W Scherer Power Plant	305	1,001	1983/1985	Chimney	Power station		Macon, Georgia
Chimney of Independence Power Plant	305	1,001	1983	Chimney	Power station		Newark, Arkansas
Chimney of Kyger Creek Power Plant	305	1,001	1980	Chimney	Power station		Gallipolis, Ohio
Chimney of White Bluff Power Plant	305	1,001	1980	Chimney	Power station		Pine Bluff, Arkansas
Chimney of Widows Creek Power Plant	305	1,001	1977	Chimney	Power station		Stevenson, Alabama	Demolished on 3 December 2020
Chimney of Hal B. Wansley Power Plant	305	1,001	1976	Chimney	Power station		Carrollton, Georgia
Chimney of Kingston Power Plant	305	1,001	1976	Chimney	Power station		Kingston, Tennessee
Chimney of Harrison Power Station	305	1,001	1972/1973	Chimney	Power station		Haywood, West Virginia
Chimney of Cumberland Fossil Plant	305	1,001	1970	Chimney	Power station		Cumberland City, Tennessee
Chimney of W. H. Sammis Power Plant, Unit 7	305	1,001	1970	Chimney	Power station		Stratton, Ohio
Chimney of Conemaugh Generating Station	305	1,001	1970	Chimney	Power station		Seward, Pennsylvania
Chimney of Hayden Smelter	305	1,001	?	Chimney	Power station		Hayden, Arizona
Chimney of Plant Bowen Coal	305	1,001	1975	Chimney	Power station		Taylorsville, Georgia
Chimney of Chvaletice Power Station	305	1,001	1977	Chimney	Power station		Chvaletice
Posco Tower-Songdo	305	1,001	2014	Skyscraper	Office, Hotel		Incheon
Chimney of Pleasants Power Plant	304.8	1,000	1980	Chimney	Power station		Belmont, West Virginia
Fazilka TV Tower	304.8	1,000	2007	Lattice tower	FM-/TV-broadcasting		Fazilka
Baiyoke Tower II	304	997	1997	Skyscraper	Hotel		Bangkok
Two Prudential Plaza	303	995	1990	Skyscraper			Chicago
Wells Fargo Plaza	302	992	1983	Skyscraper			Houston
Chimney of Power Plant Scholven	302	991	?	Chimney	Power station		Gelsenkirchen
Chimney of Power Plant Chemnitz	301.8	990	1984	Chimney	Power station		Chemnitz
Chimney of SASOL III Synthetic Fuel Production Plant	301	988	1979	Chimney	Synthetic fuel plant		Secunda	Tallest freestanding structure in Africa.
Four Season Private Residences	301	988	2018	Skyscraper	Residential		Bangkok
Haeundae Doosan We've the Zenith 101-dong	301	988	2011	Skyscraper	Residential		Busan
Commerzbank Tower	300.1	984	1997	Skyscraper			Frankfurt/Main	Tallest skyscraper in Europe, 1997–2005. Tallest skyscraper in European Union, 1997-2011, 2020-2021.
Gran Torre Santiago	300	984	2013	Skyscraper	Observation, Commercial offices, retail		Santiago de Chile	Tallest skyscraper in Chile, 2011–present. Tallest skyscraper in South America, 2013-present.
Eureka Tower	300	984	2006	Skyscraper	Residential		Melbourne
Mumbai Television Tower	300	984	?	Lattice tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Mumbai
Chimney of Volzhskaya TEC-2	300	984	1988	Chimney			Volzhsky
Thermal power station Kakanj	300	984	1987	Chimney			Čatići
Chimney of Prunéřov Power Station	300	984	1981	Chimney	Power station		Prunéřov
Chimney of Tušimice Power Station	300	984	1974	Chimney	Power station		Tušimice
Chimney of Lippendorf Power Station	300	984	1967	Chimney	Power station		Lippendorf, Saxony	Demolished in 2005.
3 Chimneys of Power Plant Jänschwalde	300	984	1981	Chimney	Power station		Jänschwalde	Demolished in 2002–2007.
Chimney of Walsum Power Station	300	984	1988	Chimney	Power station		Walsum, North Rhine-Westphalia
Chimney of Herne Power Station	300	984	1989	Chimney	Power station		Herne, North Rhine-Westphalia
Chimney of Thierbach Power Station	300	984	1968	Chimney	Power station		Espenhain, Saxony	Demolished.
4 Chimneys of Boxberg Power Station	300	984	1979	Chimney	Power station		Boxberg, Saxony	Demolished in 2000–2012.
Chimney of Marl-Chemiepark Power Station	300	984	?	Chimney	Power station		Marl, North Rhine-Westphalia	Demolished in 1995.
Chimney of Provence Power Station	300	984	1984	Chimney	Power station		Gardanne
Chimney of Orot Rabin	300	984	1981	Chimney	Power station		Hadera
Chimney of Bishkek TEC	300	984	1989	Chimney	Power station		Bishkek
Chimney of Rybnik Power Station	300	984	1974	Chimney	Power station		Rybnik
Chimney of Jaworzno Power Station	300	984	1977	Chimney	Power station		Jaworzno
Chimney of Bełchatów Power Station	300	984	?	Chimney	Power station		Bełchatów
Chimney of Kozienice Power Station	300	984	1978	Chimney	Power station		Kozienice
Chimney of Warszawa-Kawęczyn Power Station	300	984	1983	Chimney	Power station		Warsaw
Chimney of Novaky Power Plant	300	984	1976	Chimney	Power station		Nováky
Chimney of Duvha Power Station	300	984	1982	Chimney	Power station		Witbank
Chimney of Clifty Creek Power Plant	300	984	1978	Chimney	Power station		Madison, Indiana
BRTN Toren	300	984	1996	Concrete tower	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Sint-Pieters-Leeuw
Abeno Harukas	300	984	2014	Skyscraper	Observation		Osaka	Tallest skyscraper in Japan.^[7]
Aspire Tower	300	984	2007	Skyscraper	Observation, UHF/VHF-transmission		Doha

Timeline of world's tallest freestanding structures

Name	Height (metres / feet)		Held record	Structural type	Country	City	class=unsortable	Notes
Göbekli Tepe	5–6	16–20	10000 BC–8000 (2000 years)	Temple	Turkey	Anatolia	The earliest known temple built by humans
Tower of Jericho	8.5	28	8000 BC–4000 (4000 years)	Monument	Palestine	Jericho	One of the earliest ever stone monuments
Anu Ziggurat	13	40	4000 BC–2650 (1350 years)	Temple	Iraq	Uruk
Pyramid of Djoser	62.5	205	2650 BC–2610 (40 years)	Mausoleum	Egypt	Saqqara	First Egyptian pyramid, formed of six stacked mastabas
Meidum pyramid	92	300	2610 BC–2605 (5 years)	Mausoleum	Egypt	Meidum	Collapsed during construction, now 65m
Bent Pyramid	104.74	344	2605 BC–2600 (5 years)	Mausoleum	Egypt	Dashur	Slope angle changed during construction
Red Pyramid	105	344	2600 BC– 2570 (30 years)	Mausoleum	Egypt	Dashur	First true pyramid
Great Pyramid of Giza	146	480	data-sort-value="-2570"	2570 BC–1311 (3,881 years)	Mausoleum	Egypt	Giza	Due to erosion today it stands at the height of 138.8m (455.4feet).
Lincoln Cathedral	159.7	524	1311–1549 (238 years)	Church	England	Lincoln	Spire collapsed in 1549; today, stands at a height of 83m (272feet).
St. Mary's Church	151	500	1549–1569 (20 years)	Church	Germany	Stralsund
Beauvais Cathedral	153	502	1569–1573 (4 years)	Church	France	Beauvais	Spire collapsed in 1573; today, the church stands at a height of 67.2 metres (220.5 ft).
St. Mary's Church	151	500	1573–1647 (74 years)	Church	Germany	Stralsund	Spire destroyed by lightning in 1647; today stands at a height of 104m (341feet).
Strasbourg Cathedral	142	470	1647–1874 (227 years)	Church	Germany (1647, 1871–1874) and/or France (1648–1870, 1918-today)	Strasbourg
St Nikolai	147.3	483	1874–1876 (2 years)	Church	Germany	Hamburg	The nave was demolished by aerial bombing during World War II; only the spire remains.
Rouen Cathedral	151	500	1876–1880 (4 years)	Church	France	Rouen
Cologne Cathedral	157.4	516	1880–1884 (4 years)	Church	Germany	Cologne
Washington Monument	169.3	555	1884–1889 (5 years)	Monument	United States	Washington, D.C.
Eiffel Tower	300.6	986	1889–1930 (41 years)	Tower	France	Paris	Currently stands at a height of 330m (1,080feet).
Chrysler Building	319	1,046	1930–1931 (1 year)	Skyscraper	United States	New York City
Empire State Building	443.2	1,454	1931–1967 (36 years)	Skyscraper	United States	New York City
Ostankino Tower	540.1	1,772	1967–1975 (8 years)	Tower	Soviet Union	Moscow
CN Tower	553.3	1,815	1975–2007 (32 years)	Tower	Canada	Toronto
Burj Khalifa	829.8	2,722	2007–present (16 years)	Skyscraper	United Arab Emirates	Dubai	Topped-out on 17 January 2009

See also

• List of tallest structures by country
• List of tallest demolished freestanding structures
• List of tallest towers
• List of tallest chimneys
• List of tallest buildings and structures
• List of tallest freestanding steel structures
• List of cities with the most skyscrapers
• Lattice tower

Notes and References

1. See Tallest freestanding structures by skyscraperpage.com
2. News: Guinness world records tallest building unoccupied . 2022-05-13.
3. News: United completed HQ move to Willis Tower . Karp . Gregory . . 23 July 2013 . 2014-05-02.
4. News: See One World Trade Center by skyscrapercenter.com . 2020-07-03.
5. https://www.panoramio.com/photo/12695587 Photo of Молдавская ГРЭС 5-я очередь
6. Web site: List of chimneys built by "Energovisotspechstroy". ru.
7. News: Tallest high-rise nears completion . . 2013-10-23 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190107213645/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/10/23/business/tallest-high-rise-nears-completion . 2019-01-07 . 2019-08-28 .