List of state-owned enterprises in Egypt explained
In 1952 Egypt’s private sector accounted for 76 percent of economic investment. Following the nationalization plans carried out by President Gamal Abdel Nasser in the effort to build a post-independence socialist state, this percentage drastically shifted within a few decades to government investment accounting for over 80 percent of economic investment.[1] This figure included all banking, insurance, foreign trade, medium and heavy industry air transport, and public utilities, as well as many retail stores, newspapers, maritime transport, construction companies, and large infrastructure assets.
By the late 1970s, president Sadat shifted Egypt to the Infitah, or an 'open door' liberal policy. However, despite a number of rounds of privatisation stipulated by the IMF and World Bank Economic Reform and Structural Adjustment Program (ERSAP) in the 1990s, that saw over 400 companies privatized, by 2015 there were 52 economic authorities, 102 service authorities, and 146 state-owned enterprises that were affiliated with nine holding companies. 30 Service authorities depend on recapitalization or operate on a subsidized business model. SOEs either are under specific ministries or are companies wholly or majority controlled by the state and operating under the authority of line ministries. These are mainly companies considered “strategic" in sectors such as electricity, aviation, banks, housing, petroleum, agriculture, textile, chemical industry, mining industry, transport, construction, tourism, pharmaceutical, and food processing holdings.
The following is a list of key state-owned enterprises in Egypt, and a number of their subsidiaries.
Transportation
- Egyptian Holding Company for Airports and Air Navigation (EHCAAN)[2]
- National Air Navigation Services Company (NANSC)
- Cairo Airport Company (CAC)
- Egyptian Airports Company (EAC)
- Aviation Information Technology (AVIT)
- Egyptair Holding Company[3]
- EgyptAir Airline
- Egyptair Duty Free
- Egyptair Maintenance & Engineering
- Egyptair Ground Services
- Egyptair In-flight Services
- Egyptair Medical Services
- Egyptair Supplementary Industries
- Egyptair Cargo
- Egyptian National Railways (ENR)
- Suez Canal Authority
- Marine Industries and Services Organization (MIASO)[4]
- Alexandria Shipyard
- Egyptian Ship Repair & Building Co.
- National Nile Company for River Transportation
- Superjet Lines
Media & communication
- Egypt Post
- National Media Authority (former ERTU)[5]
- Telecom Egypt (Listed, government controlled: 70%)[6]
- Telecom Egypt - France (100.00%)
- Telecom Egypt Data SAE (99.99%)
- TE Investment Holding (99.99%)
- Egyptian International Submarine Cables Co (99.00%)
- TE for Sports Investment (98.00%)
- Egyptian Telecommunication Co for Information Systems (97.66%)
- Centra Technologies (58.67%)
- Wataneya for Telecommunications (50.00%)
- Middle East Radio Communications (49.00%)
- Vodafone Egypt Telecommunications (44.95%)
- Egyptian Company for Digital Signature and Information Security SAE (35.71%)
- Matrix for Advanced Technology and Integrated Solutions (25.50%)
Petroleum, chemicals & mining
Contracting & real Estate
Affiliated to the Ministry of Housing
Affiliated to the Ministry of the Public Business Sector
- Holding Company for Construction and Development (HCCD)[14]
- El Nasr Housing and Development
- Maadi Co. for Development and Reconstruction
- Nasr General Contracting Co.(Hassan Allam)
- Misr Concrete Development Co.
- High Dam Electrical & Industrial Projects Co. (HIDELECO)
- Societe Egyptienne D’entreprises (Moukhtar Ibrahim)
- The Egyptian Contracting Co. (El Abd)
- Heliopolis Co. For Housing and Development (Listed: 73%)
- Al Shams Housing and Urbanization (Listed: 44.54%)[15]
- Zahraa Maadi Investment and Development - ZMID (Listed: 47.5% direct and indirect)[16]
Affiliated to other public agencies
- MIDAR - formerly Mostakbal City for Urban Development[17]
- Maspero for Urban Development[18]
Financial & insurance
Pharmaceuticals
Affiliated to the Ministry of the Public Business Sector
- Holding Company for Pharmaceuticals (Holdipharma)[20]
- Arab Drug Co.
- Chemical Industries Development Co. (CID)
- El Nasr pharmaceutical chemicals Co.
- Misr Co. for Pharmacutical Products
- The Nile Co . for Pharmaceuticals & Chemical Industries
- Medical Appliances & Packages Co
- Alexandria Co. for Pharmaceutical
- Holdipharma For Marketing & Export Co.
- Memphis Co. for Pharmaceuticals and Chemical Industries
- Kahira for Pharmaceuticals & Chemical Industries Co.
- Holding Company for Biological Products and Vaccines - VACSERA[21]
Manufacturing & retail
Ministry of Public Business Sector
- Holding Company for Cotton, Spinning, Weaving and Garments[22]
- Misr Spinning and Weaving Company
- Damietta Spinning and Weaving Company
- Daqahliya Spinning and Weaving Company
- Misr Helwan Spinning and Weaving Company
- Misr for Artificial Silk
- Upper Egypt Spinning and Weaving Company
- Metallurgical Industries Holding
- Omar Effendi[23]
The Presidency of the Republic
Utilities
Tourism
- Holding Company for Tourism and Hotels (HOTAC)[39]
- Egyptian General Company for Tourism & Hotels (EGOTH)
- ElMamoura Company for Construction & Tourist Development
- Misr Travel Company
- Misr Hotels Company (50%)
See also
Notes and References
- Web site: Raballand . Gael J. R. F. . Middle East and North Africa - Governance reforms of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) : lessons from four case studies (Egypt, Iraq, Morocco, and Tunisia) . 2024-01-19 . World Bank . en.
- Web site: Companies . 2024-01-18 . Ministry of Civil Aviation.
- Web site: Egyptair Group . 2024-02-08 . EgyptAir.
- Web site: Home . 2024-01-18 . miaso.org.eg . en-gb.
- Web site: عن الهيئة الهيئة الوطنية للإعلام . 2023-12-10 . www.maspero.eg.
- Web site: Telecom Egypt . 2024-02-08 . english.mubasher.info.
- Web site: South valley Egyptian petroleum Holding Company . 2024-02-08 . www.egypt-business.com.
- Web site: Shareholders . 2024-01-19 . Egypt Gas.
- Web site: Egypt Gas Company SAE . 2024-01-19 . english.mubasher.info.
- Web site: Mineral Resources Subsidiaries . 2024-02-08 . www.petroleum.gov.eg.
- Web site: ECHEM – Egyptian Petrochemicals Holding Company . 2024-02-08 . en-US.
- Web site: 2023-04-18 . Estimating the Size of Public Sector Real Estate in Egypt . 2024-01-18 . Built Environment Observatory . en-US.
- 2016-02-08 . Presidential Decree 57/2016 Assigning the land of the New Administrative Capital and the Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Urban Community as areas of new urban communities . The Official Gazette . 5 bis . 59 . 3–7.
- Web site: HCCD . 2024-01-18 . hccd-construction.com.
- Web site: Al Shams Housing and Urbanization . 2024-01-23 . english.mubasher.info.
- Web site: Zahraa Maadi Investment and Development . 2024-01-23 . english.mubasher.info.
- Web site: Shareholders MIDAR . 2024-01-23 . en-US.
- Web site: Masperoud . 2024-01-23 . masperoud.com.
- Web site: هيكل مجموعة شركات مصر القابضة للتأمين مصر القابضة للتأمين . 2024-01-18 . www.misrholding.com.
- Web site: Affiliates . 2024-01-18 . holdipharma.com.
- Web site: VACSERA CO. . 2024-01-19 . vacsera.com.
- Web site: الصفحة الرئيسية لمركز معلومات قطاع الأعمال العام - BSIC Home ! . 2024-01-26 . www.bsic.gov.eg.
- Web site: وزارة قطاع الأعمال العام - الشركات القابضة . mpbs.gov.eg.
- Web site: 2018-04-21 . بوابة الأهرام . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180421232340/http://gate.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentPrint/13/54/96856.aspx . 2018-04-21.
- Web site: 2022-11-03 . وزارة الإنتاج الحربي ::شركات الإنتاج الحربي . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221103124059/https://www.momp.gov.eg/Ar/Companies.aspx . 2022-11-03.
- Web site: 2016-04-25 . الاهرام الرقمى . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160425123206/http://digital.ahram.org.eg/Home.aspx?aspxerrorpath=/articles.aspx . 2016-04-25.
- Web site: 2016-06-03 . الوقائع المصرية تنشر قرار وزير الإنتاج الحربى بإنشاء شركة أبوزعبل اليوم السابع . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160603220012/http://www.youm7.com:80/story/2016/3/31/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%B1-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%89-%D8%A8%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D8%A8/2654929 . 2016-06-03.
- Web site: 2016-12-15 . جهاز مشروعات الخدمة الوطنية . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161215192035/http://www.nspo.com.eg:80/WatniaLands.aspx . 2016-12-15.
- Web site: 2016-04-24 . المعصرة للصناعات الهندسية . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160424213033/http://www.ahram.org.eg/Archive/2000/10/2/ECON7.HTM . 2016-04-24.
- Web site: 2016-04-25 . سامى شرف يكتب لـ «الأهرام العربى»: «كاريزما».. الزعيم! (2) - الأهرام العربى . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160425014435/http://arabi.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/3/46215/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A9/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%89-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%81-%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8-%D9%84%D9%80-%C2%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%89%C2%BB-%C2%AB%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%C2%BB-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%85--.aspx . 2016-04-25.
- Web site: 2016-04-27 . الاهرام الرقمى . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160427064547/http://digital.ahram.org.eg/Home.aspx?aspxerrorpath=/Community.aspx . 2016-04-27.
- Web site: 2018-04-21 . وزير الإنتاج الحربي: سنحقق الاكتفاء الذاتي من السلاح قريبا ونساهم في تلبية احتياجات المجتمع المدني - الأهرام اليومي . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180421235624/http://www.ahram.org.eg/NewsPrint/213854.aspx . 2018-04-21.
- Web site: 2016-04-24 . زيارة الوزير لشركة حلوان للمسبوكات . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160424234403/http://www.ahram.org.eg/Archive/2000/9/21/Inve2.htm . 2016-04-24.
- Web site: 2022-11-08 . حلوان للآلات و المعدات::نبذة تاريخية . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221108105655/https://fact999.momp.gov.eg/Ar/History.aspx . 2022-11-08.
- Web site: 2017-12-28 . حلوان لمحركات الديزل . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171228040417/http://fact909.momp.gov.eg/ . 2017-12-28.
- Web site: 2017-12-24 . شبرا للصناعات الهندسية . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171224040827/http://fact27.momp.gov.eg/ . 2017-12-24.
- Web site: 2018-06-15 . بوابة الفجر: العصار يتفقد شركة الإنتاج الحربي للمشروعات والاستشارات الهندسية . 2023-12-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180615083315/http://www.elfagr.com/2427337 . 2018-06-15.
- Web site: About . 2024-01-19 . Holding Company for Water and Wastewater . en-US.
- Web site: Company Information – hotac . 2024-01-18 . en-US.