List of sovereign states in 1500 explained

Sovereign states

A

Abazinia – Abazinia
Aceh – Aceh Sultanate
Adal – Adal Sultanate
Ahmadnagar – Ahmadnagar Sultanate
Ahom – Ahom Kingdom
Airgíalla
Ailech
Aïr – Terene Sultanate of Aïr (to 1500)
Ajuran – Ajuran Sultanate
Ağ Qoyunlu – Ağ Qoyunlu Confederation
Alodia – Alodia
Andorra – Principality of Andorra
Aragon – Kingdom of Aragon
Astrakhan – Khanate of Astrakhan
Ava – Kingdom of Ava
Avar – Avar Khanate
Ayutthaya – Ayutthaya Kingdom
Aztec – Aztec Empire
- Tenochtitlan
- Texcoco
- Tlacopan

B

Bamum – Kingdom of Bamum
Banu Sulaym
Bahmani – Bahmani Sultanate
Bastar – Bastar State
Benin – Benin Empire
Bengal – Sultanate of Bengal
Berar – Berar Sultanate
Bidar – Bidar Sultanate
Bijapur – Adil Shahi dynasty of the Bijapur Sultanate
Bikaner
Bonoman
Borgu – Kingdom of Borgu
Bornu – Bornu Empire
Brunei – Bruneian Sultanate
Buganda – Kingdom of Buganda
Bundi – Bundi State
Butua – Kingdom of Butua
Butuan – Rajahnate of Butuan
Bunyoro – Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara

C

Caboloan
Cambodia
Chamba – Chamba State
Champa – Chăm Pa
China – Empire of the Great Ming
Chutiya – Chutiya Kingdom
Circassia
Clandeboye
Cospaia - Republic of Cospaia
Cutch – Cutch State

D

Damot – Kingdom of Damot
Đại Việt
Dawro – Kingdom of Dawro
Delhi – Delhi Sultanate
Demak – Sultanate of Demak
Denkyira
Desmond – Kingdom of Desmond
Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark
Dizak – Principality of Dizak
Dulkadirids – Beylik of Dulkadir

E

– Kingdom of England
Ethiopia – Ethiopian Empire

F

Fermanagh
– Kingdom of France

G

Gajapati – Gajapati dynasty, Odisha
Garhwal – Kingdom of Garhwal
– Republic of Genoa
Gowa – Sultanate of Gowa
Great Fulo – Empire of Great Fulo
Golden Horde – Golden Horde
Gujarat – Gujarat Sultanate

H

Hanthawaddy – Hanthawaddy Kingdom
Hausa Kingdoms
Hawwara
Hungary – Kingdom of Hungary

I

Igala – Kingdom of Igala
Imereti – Kingdom of Imereti
Inca – Inca Empire
Iroquois – Iroquois Confederacy

J

Jaffna – Kingdom of Jaffna
Jailolo – Sultanate of Jailolo
Jaintia – Kingdom of Jaintia
Jaisalmer – Kingdom of Jaisalmer
Janjero – Kingdom of Janjero
Japan – Ashikaga Shogunate
Jolof – Jolof Empire
Joseon – Kingdom of Great Joseon
Jumla – Kingdom of Jumla

K

Kabardia – Princedom of Kabardia
Kachari – Kingdom of Kachari
Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa
Kakheti – Kingdom of Kakheti
Kakongo – Kingdom of Kakongo
Kalahandi – Kalahandi State
Kamata – Kingdom of Kamata
Kandy – Kingdom of Kandy
Kangleipak – Kangleipak State
Kangra – Kingdom of Kangra
Kanker – Kanker State
Kartli – Kingdom of Kartli
Kashmir – Shah Mir Dynasty of Kashmir
Kazakh – Kazakh Khanate
Kazan – Khanate of Kazan
Khachen – Principality of Khachen
Kilwa – Kilwa Sultanate
Knights Hospitaller – Order of Saint John
Kongo – Kingdom of Kongo
– Kingdom of Kotte
Kumaon – Kingdom of Kumaon
Kutai – Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate
Kwararafa – Kwararafa Confederacy

L

Ladakh – Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh
Lan Na – Lanna Kingdom
Lan Xang
Lithuania – Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Luwu – Kingdom of Luwu

M

Madja-as – Confederation of Madja-as
Magh Luirg
Majapahit – Majapahit Empire
Malacca – The Malay Sultanate of Malacca
Maldives – Sultanate of the Maldives
Mali – Mali Empire
Malwa – Malwa Sultanate
Mamluk – Mamluk Sultanate of Cairo
Mandara – Kingdom of Mandara
Mankessim – Kingdom of Mankessim
Maravi – Kingdom of Maravi
Marwar – Kingdom of Marwar
Mayas – Maya civilization
Maynila – Kingdom of Maynila
Medri Bahri – Land of the Sea
Mewar – Mewar Kingdom
Mewat – Mewat State
Moghulistan
Morocco – Wattasid dynasty of Morocco
Mossi Kingdoms
Mrauk U – Kingdom of Mrauk U
Muisca Confederation
Muscovy – Grand Duchy of Muscovy
Mustang – Kingdom of Mustang
Mutapa – Kingdom of Mutapa

N

Namayan - Kingdom of Namayan
– Kingdom of Naples
Navarre – Kingdom of Navarre
Nepal – Malla dynasty of Nepal
Nogai – Nogai Horde
Noli – Republic of Noli
Nri – Kingdom of Nri
Nupe – Kingdom of Nupe

O

Oirat – Four Oirat
Oman – Imamate of Oman
Osraige
Ottoman Empire
Oyo – Oyo Empire

P

Pagaruyung – Kingdom of Pagaruyung
Patna – Patna State
Poland – Kingdom of Poland
– Kingdom of Portugal
Prome – Kingdom of Prome
Pskov – Republic of Pskov

R

– Republic of Ragusa
Ramazanids – Emirate of Ramadan
Rapa Nui – Kingdom of Rapa Nui
Rwanda – Kingdom of Rwanda
Ryazan – Principality of Ryazan
Ryukyu – Ryukyu Kingdom

S

Saloum – Kingdom of Saloum
Samtskhe – Samtskhe Atabegate
Samudera Pasai – Samudera Pasai Sultanate
San Marino – Republic of San Marino
Saudeleur – Saudeleur dynasty
Scotland – Kingdom of Scotland
Senarica – Senarica Republic
Shan States
Shewa – Sultanate of Shewa
Shaybanid Uzbek State (Khanate of Bukhara)
Shilluk – Shilluk Kingdom
Sibir – Khanate of Sibir
Sindh – Samma dynasty of Sindh
Songhai – Songhai Empire
Suket – Suket State
Sunda – Kingdom of Sunda
Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden

T

Tarascan state
Ternate – Sultanate of Ternate
Teutonic Knights – State of the Teutonic Order
Thomond – Kingdom of Thomond
Tibet, Phagmodrupa – Phagmodrupa dynasty of Tibet
Tibet, Rinpungpa – Rinpungpa dynasty of Tibet
Tidore – Sultanate of Tidore
Timurid Empire
Tlaxcala – Confederacy of Tlaxcala
Tlemcen – Zayyanid Kingdom of Tlemcen
Tondo – Tundun
Tonga – Tu'i Tonga Empire
Tunjurs – Tunjur Kingdom
Tunis – Sultanate of Tunis
Tyrconnell
Tyrone
Twipra – Kingdom of Twipra

U

Uí Maine
Usfurids – Usfurid dynasty

V

Venice – Most Serene Republic of Venice
Vijayanagara – Vijayanagara Empire

W

Warsangali – Warsangali Sultanate
Wehali – Sultanate of Wehali
Welayta – Kingdom of Welayta

Y

Yemen – Tahirid dynasty of Yemen
Yuan – Northern Yuan

Z

Zapotec – Zapotec Empire

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a highly decentralized collection of polities.^[1] A comprehensive list of all of its anachronistic components has been made at List of states in the Holy Roman Empire, and would be much too large to fit here.

Austria – Archduchy of Austria
Bavaria – Duchy of Bavaria
Bohemia – Kingdom of Bohemia
Brandenburg – Margraviate of Brandenburg
Electoral Palatinate – County Palatine of the Rhine
– Republic of Florence
Lorraine – Duchy of Lorraine
– Duchy of Savoy
Saxony – Electorate of Saxony
Switzerland – Swiss Confederacy

Crowns and Unions

Crowns were composite monarchies composed of multiple countries under one ruler.

Polish–Lithuanian union

Spain
- Aragon – Crown of Aragon

– Crown of Castile

Non-Sovereign Territories

England

Wales – Principality of Wales

Gujarat

Khandesh – Faruqi dynasty of the Khandesh Sultanate ^[2]

Imereti

Guria – Principality of Guria
Svaneti – Principality of Svaneti

Ottoman Empire

Crimean Khanate – Crimean Khanate
– Principality of Wallachia

Poland

– Principality of Moldavia

Portugal

Spain (Crown of Castile and Crown of Aragon)

Canary Islands – Kingdom of the Canary Islands
Mellila – Mellila

Sunda

Cirebon – Sultanate of Cirebon

Vijayanagara

Calicut – Kingdom of Kozhikode ^[3]
Mysore – Kingdom of Mysore

Notes and References

Lonnie R. Johnson, Central Europe: Enemies, Neighbors, Friends (1996), Oxford University Press, p. 23.
Book: Hunter. Sir William Wilson. Imperial gazetteer of India. 1908–1931. Clarendon Press. Oxford. 405. 14 December 2016.
Book: Sewell. Robert. A Forgotten Empire (Vijayanagar): A Contribution to the History of India. 1900. Asian Educational Services. 122. 9788120601253. 14 December 2016.