This article is a list of diseases of rice (Oryza sativa). Diseases have historically been one of the major causes of rice shortages.[1]
| Bacterial diseases | |
|---|---|
| Bacterial blight | Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae = X. campestris pv. oryzae |
| Bacterial leaf streak | Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola |
| Foot rot | Dickeya dadantii/Erwinia chrysanthemi |
| Grain rot | Burkholderia glumae |
| Pecky rice (kernel spotting) | Damage by bacteria (see also under fungal and miscellaneous diseases) |
| Sheath brown rot | Pseudomonas fuscovaginae |
| Fungal diseases | |
|---|---|
| Aggregate sheath | Ceratobasidium oryzae-sativae Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae [anamorph] |
| Black horse riding | Curvularia lunata Cochliobolus lunatus [teleomorph] |
| Blast (leaf, neck [rotten neck], nodal and collar) | Pyricularia grisea Pyricularia oryzae Magnaporthe grisea[2] [teleomorph] |
| Brown spot | Cochliobolus miyabeanus Bipolaris oryzae [anamorph] |
| Crown sheath rot | Gaeumannomyces graminis |
| Downy mildew | Sclerophthora macrospora |
| Eyespot | Drechslera gigantea |
| False smut | Ustilaginoidea virens |
| Kernel smut | Tilletia barclayana Neovossia horrida |
| Leaf smut | Entyloma oryzae |
| Leaf scald | Microdochium oryzae Rhynchosporium oryzae |
| Narrow brown leaf spot | Cercospora janseana Cercospora oryzae Sphaerulina oryzina [teleomorph] |
| Pecky rice (kernel spotting) | Damage by many fungi including Cochliobolus miyabeanus Curvularia spp. Fusarium spp. Microdochium oryzae Sarocladium oryzae and other fungi. |
| Root rots | Fusarium spp. Pythium spp. P. dissotocum P. spinosum |
| Rice is immune to rusts.[3] | |
| Seedling blight | Cochliobolus miyabeanus Curvularia spp. Fusarium spp. Rhizoctonia solani Athelia rolfsii and other pathogenic fungi. |
| Sheath blight | Rhizoctonia solani |
| Sheath rot | Sarocladium oryzae Acrocylindrium oryzae |
| Sheath spot | Waitea oryzae |
| Stackburn (Alternaria leaf spot) | Alternaria padwickii |
| Stem rot | Magnaporthe salvinii Sclerotium oryzae [synanamorph] |
| Water-mold (seed-rot and seedling disease) | Achlya conspicua A. klebsiana Fusarium spp. Pythium spp. P. dissotocum P. spinosum |
| Miscellaneous diseases and disorders | ||
|---|---|---|
| Alkalinity or salt damage | Excessive salt concentration in soil or water | |
| Bronzing | Zinc deficiency | |
| Cold injury | Low temperatures | |
| Panicle blight | Cause undetermined | |
| golden apple snail | Pomacea canaliculata | |
| Pecky rice (kernel spotting) | Feeding injury by rice stink bug, Oebalus pugnax | |
| Complex virus (Rice tungro bacilliform virus and Rice tungro spherical virus) transmitted by green leafhopper Nephotettix spp.) | ||
| Straighthead[5] | Arsenic induced, unknown physiological disorder | |
| White tip (see nematodes) | Aphelenchoides besseyi | |