- John Noble Barlow, painter
- Andrew Ketcham Barnett, mineral collector and dealer
- Geoffrey Bazeley, Modernist architect
- Peter Care, music video, television and film director
- William Colenso, missionary
- Richard Quiller Couch, physician and naturalist
- Leonard Courtney, 1st Baron Courtney of Penwith, politician, academic and man of letters
- William Prideaux Courtney (1845–1913), administrator and scholar[1]
- Ann Batten Cristall (1769–1848), poet
- Sir Humphry Davy, scientist
- John Davy, chemist
- John Divane VC, Irish soldier of the 60th Rifles
- Gilbert Hunter Doble, clergyman and scholar
- Martin Fido, university professor, true crime writer and broadcaster
- Sir John Forbes, physician
- Simon A. Forward, novelist and dramatist
- Alethea Garstin, artist
- Crosbie Garstin, poet and novelist[2] [3]
- Norman Garstin, Irish artist, art critic and journalist
- Davies Gilbert, (born Davies Giddy was a Cornish engineer, author, and politician
- Helen Glover, Olympic gold medallist rower
- Jan Harvey, actress
- William Jory Henwood, geologist, retired to live in Penzance
| - Thomas Holloway, patent medicine vendor and philanthropist
- Barbara Hosking, civil servant
- Caroline Jackson, MEP
- Stanley Johnson, politician, author and father of politician Boris Johnson
- Julie Kitchen, fourteen time Muay Thai world champion
- Sir John Luke, New Zealand politician, born near Penzance
- Ruth Manning-Sanders, poet and author
- Daniel Mannix, Australian Roman Catholic bishop
- Joshua Mellody, electronic music producer, better known as Zomboy
- Thandiwe Newton, actress
- Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe, entomologist
- Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, naval commander
- William Penhaligon (1837–1902), barber and perfumer
- John Ralfs (1807–1890), botanist
- Jack Richards, cricketer
- Edmund Sedding, architect
- Jean Shrimpton, model
- John Coulson Tregarthen, writer and naturalist
- Ethelwynn Trewavas, ichthyologist.[4]
- Alfred Wallis, painter
- George Waterhouse, politician
- Lilian Wyles, first female detective in the British police force, died in Penzance.
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