List of reptiles of Texas explained

This list of reptiles of Texas includes the snakes, lizards, crocodilians, and turtles native to the U.S. state of Texas.

Texas has a large range of habitats, from swamps, coastal marshes and pine forests in the east, rocky hills and limestone karst in the center, desert in the south and west, mountains in the far west, and grassland prairie in the north. This vast contrast in biomes makes Texas home to an extremely wide variety of herpetofauna. Its central position in the United States means that species found primarily in either the western or eastern parts of the country often have their ranges meeting in the state. Its proximity to Mexico is such that many species found there and into Central America range as far north as Texas. The abundance of reptiles makes the state a prime area for research, and most species found in Texas have been well studied.

Texas state law protects several reptile species; threatened species are denoted with a (T) and endangered species are denoted with an (E). The climate of Texas has also led to some species being introduced and establishing a permanent population, denoted with an (I).__TOC__

Least-concern species
Vulnerable species
Endangered species
Critically endangered
Invasive species

Lizards

Picture!Scientific name!Common name!Family!Conservation status
Gerrhonotus infernalisTexas alligator lizardAnguidaeIUCN (LC)
Ophisaurus attenuatusWestern slender glass lizardAnguidaeIUCN (LC)
Anolis carolinensisGreen anoleDactyloidaeIUCN (LC)
Anolis sagreiBrown anoleDactyloidaeIUCN (LC)
Texas (I)
Crotaphytus collarisEastern collared lizardCrotaphytidae
Crotaphytus reticulatusReticulated collared lizardCrotaphytidaeIUCN (VU)
Texas (T)
Gambelia wislizeniiLongnose leopard lizardCrotaphytidaeIUCN (LC)
Coleonyx brevisTexas banded geckoGekkonidaeIUCN (LC)
Coleonyx reticulatusReticulated geckoGekkonidaeIUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Cyrtopodion scabrumRough-tailed geckoGekkonidaeIUCN (LC)
Texas (I)
Hemidactylus frenatusAsian house geckoGekkonidaeIUCN (LC)
Texas (I)
Hemidactylus turcicusMediterranean geckoGekkonidaeIUCN (LC)
Texas (I)
Ctenosaura pectinataMexican spinytail iguanaIguanidaeTexas (I)
Cophosaurus texanusGreater earless lizardPhrynosomatidaeIUCN (LC)
Holbrookia lacerata Northern spot-tailed earless lizardPhrynosomatidaeIUCN (NT)
Holbrookia maculata maculataGreat Plains earless lizard Phrynosomatidae
Holbrookia maculata flavilentaChihuahuan earless lizard Phrynosomatidae
Holbrookia maculata perspicuaPrairie earless lizardPhrynosomatidae
Holbrookia propinquaKeeled earless lizardPhrynosomatidae
Holbrookia subcaudalisSouthern spot-tailed earless lizardPhrynosomatidae
Phrynosoma cornutumTexas horned lizardPhrynosomatidaeIUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Phrynosoma hernandesiGreater short-horned lizardPhrynosomatidaeIUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
]Phrynosoma modestumRoundtail horned lizardPhrynosomatidaeIUCN (LC)
Sceloporus arenicolusDunes sagebrush lizardPhrynosomatidaeIUCN (VU)
Texas (T)
Sceloporus bimaculosusTwin-spotted spiny lizardPhrynosomatidae
Sceloporus consobrinusPrairie lizardPhrynosomatidae
Sceloporus cowlesiSouthwestern fence lizardPhrynosomatidae
Sceloporus cyanogenysBlue spiny lizardPhrynosomatidaeIUCN (LC)
Sceloporus grammicusMesquite lizardPhrynosomatidaeIUCN (LC)
Sceloporus merriami annulatusBig Bend Canyon lizardPhrynosomatidae
Sceloporus merriami longipunctatusPresidio Canyon lizardPhrynosomatidae
Sceloporus merriamiCanyon lizardPhrynosomatidae
Sceloporus olivaceusTexas spiny lizardPhrynosomatidaeIUCN (LC)
Sceloporus poinsettiiCrevice spiny lizardPhrynosomatidae
Sceloporus marmoratusRosebelly lizardPhrynosomatidaeIUCN (LC)
Urosaurus ornatus ornatusTexas tree lizardPhrynosomatidaeIUCN (LC)
Urosaurus ornatus schmidtiBig Bend tree lizardPhrynosomatidae
Uta stejnegeriEastern side-blotched lizardPhrynosomatidae
Plestiodon anthracinus pluvialisSouthern coal skinkScincidae
Plestiodon fasciatusFive-lined skinkScincidae
Plestiodon laticepsBroadhead skinkScincidaeIUCN (LC)
Plestiodon multivirgatus epipleurotusVariable skinkScincidae
Plestiodon obsoletusGreat Plains SkinkScincidaeIUCN (LC)
Plestiodon septentrionalis obtusirostrisSouthern prairie skinkScincidae
Plestiodon tetragrammus brevilineatusShort-lined skinkScincidae
Plestiodon tetragrammus tetragrammusFour-lined skinkScincidae
Scincella lateralisLittle brown skinkScincidaeIUCN (LC)
Aspidoscelis exsanguisChihuahuan spotted whiptailTeiidaeIUCN (LC)
Aspidoscelis gularisTexas spotted whiptailTeiidaeIUCN (LC)
Aspidoscelis inornata heptagrammaLittle striped whiptailTeiidae
Aspidoscelis laredoensisLaredo striped whiptailTeiidaeIUCN (LC)
Aspidoscelis marmorata marmorataWestern marbled whiptailTeiidae
Aspidoscelis marmorata reticuloriensEastern marbled whiptailTeiidae
Aspidoscelis neomexicanaNew Mexico whiptailTeiidaeIUCN (LC)
Aspidoscelis sexlineata stephensaeTexas yellow-headed racerunner Teiidae
Aspidoscelis sexlineata viridisPrairie racerunnerTeiidae
Aspidoscelis scalarisPlateau spotted whiptailTeiidae
Aspidoscelis tesselataCheckered whiptailTeiidaeIUCN (LC)
Aspidoscelis uniparensDesert grassland whiptailTeiidaeIUCN (LC)

Snakes

Picture!Scientific name!Common name!Family!Conservation status
Indotyphlops braminusBrahminy blindsnakeTyphlopidaeIUCN (LC)
Rena dissectaNew Mexico threadsnakeLeptotyphlopidaeIUCN (LC)
Rena dulcis dulcisPlains threadsnakeLeptotyphlopidaeIUCN (LC)
Rena dulcis rubellumSouth Texas threadsnakeLeptotyphlopidae
Rena humilis segregusTrans-Pecos threadsnakeLeptotyphlopidae
Arizona elegans arenicolaTexas glossy snakeColubridae
Arizona elegans elegansKansas glossy snakeColubridae
Arizona elegans philipiPainted Desert glossy snakeColubridae
Bogertophis subocularisTrans-Pecos ratsnakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Carphophis vermisWestern wormsnakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Cemophora coccineaScarletsnakeColubridae
Cemophora lineriTexas scarletsnakeColubridaeTexas (T)
Coluber constrictor anthicusButtermilk racerColubridae
Coluber constrictor etheridgeiTan racerColubridae
Coluber constrictor flaviventrisEastern yellowbelly racerColubridae
Coluber constrictor oaxacaMexican racerColubridae
Coluber constrictor priapusSouthern black racerColubridae
Coniophanes imperialisBlack-striped snakeColubridaeTexas (T)
Diadophis punctatus arnyiPrairie ringneck snakeColubridae
Diadophis punctatus regalisRegal ringneck snakeColubridae
Diadophis punctatus stictogenysMississippi ringneck snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Drymarchon corais erebennusTexas indigo snakeColubridaeTexas (T)
Drymobius margaritiferusSpeckled racerColubridaeTexas (T)
Farancia abacuraRed-bellied mud snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Ficimia streckeriMexican hooknose snakeColubridae
Gyalopion canumChihuahuan hook-nosed snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Haldea striatulaRough earthsnakeColubridae
Heterodon kennerlyiMexican hognose snakeColubridae
Heterodon nasicus gloydiDusty hognose snakeColubridae
Heterodon nasicus nasicusWestern hognose snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Heterodon platirhinosEastern hognose snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Hypsiglena torquata janiTexas night snakeColubridae
Lampropeltis alternaGray-banded kingsnakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Lampropeltis calligasterPrairie kingsnakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Lampropeltis holbrookiSpeckled kingsnakeColubridae
Lampropeltis splendidaDesert kingsnakeColubridae
Lampropeltis annulataMexican milksnakeColubridae
Lampropeltis gentilisWestern milksnakeColubridae
Leptodeira septentrionalisNorthern cat-eyed snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Liodytes rigidaGulf swampsnakeColubridae
Masticophis flagellum flagellumEastern coachwhipColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Masticophis flagellum testaceusWestern coachwhipColubridae
Masticophis schotti schottiSchott's whipsnakeColubridae
Masticophis schotti ruthveniRuthven's whipsnakeColubridae
Masticophis taeniatus girardiCentral Texas whipsnakeColubridae
Masticophis taeniatus taeniatusDesert striped whipsnakeColubridae
Nerodia clarkiiSaltmarsh watersnake ColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Nerodia cyclopionMississippi green watersnakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Nerodia erythrogasterPlain-bellied watersnake ColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Nerodia fasciata confluensBroad-banded watersnakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Nerodia fasciata pictiventrisFlorida watersnakeColubridae
Texas (I)
Nerodia harteriBrazos watersnakeColubridaeIUCN (NT)
Texas (T)
Nerodia paucimaculataConcho watersnakeColubridaeIUCN (NT)
Texas (T)
Nerodia rhombiferDiamondback watersnakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Nerodia sipedon pleuralisMidland watersnakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Opheodrys aestivusRough green snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Opheodrys vernalisSmooth green snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Pantherophis bairdiBaird's ratsnakeColubridae
Pantherophis emoryiGreat Plains ratsnakeColubridae
Pantherophis obsoletusWestern ratsnakeColubridae
Pantherophis slowinskiiSlowinski's cornsnakeColubridae
Pituophis catenifer affinisSonoran gopher snakeColubridae
Pituophis catenifer sayiBull snakeColubridae
Pituophis ruthveniLouisiana pinesnakeColubridaeIUCN (EN)
Texas (T)
Regina grahamiiGraham's crayfish snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Rhinocheilus lecontei tessellatusTexas longnose snakeColubridae
Salvadora deserticolaBig Bend patch-nose snakeColubridaeTexas (T)
Salvadora grahamiae grahamiaeMountain patch-nose snakeColubridae
Salvadora grahamiae lineataTexas patch-nose snakeColubridae
Sonora semiannulataGround snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Storeria dekayi limnetesMarsh brown snakeColubridae
Storeria dekayi texanaTexas brown snakeColubridae
Storeria occipitomaculataRedbelly snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Tantilla atricepsMexican blackhead snakeColubridae
Tantilla cucullataBig Bend blackhead snakeColubridae
Tantilla gracilisFlathead snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Tantilla hobartsmithiSouthwestern blackhead snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Tantilla nigricepsPlains blackhead snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Thamnophis cyrtopsis cyrtopsisBlackneck garter snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Thamnophis marcianusCheckered garter snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Thamnophis proximus diabolicusArid land ribbon snakeColubridae
Thamnophis proximus orariusGulf Coast ribbon snakeColubridae
Thamnophis proximus proximusWestern ribbon snakeColubridae
Thamnophis proximus rubrilineatusRedstripe ribbon snakeColubridae
Thamnophis radixPlains garter snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Thamnophis sirtalis annectensTexas garter snakeColubridae
Thamnophis sirtalis dorsalisNew Mexico garter snakeColubridae
Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalisCommon garter snakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Trimorphodon vilkinsoniiTexas lyresnakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Tropidoclonion lineatum texanumTexas lined snakeColubridae
Virginia valeriaeSmooth earthsnakeColubridaeIUCN (LC)
Micrurus tenerTexas coral snakeElapidaeIUCN (LC)
Agkistrodon contortrixEastern copperheadViperidaeIUCN (LC)
Agkistrodon laticinctusBroad-banded copperheadViperidae
Agkistrodon piscivorusNorthern cottonmouthViperidae
Crotalus atroxWestern diamondback rattlesnakeViperidaeIUCN (LC)
Crotalus horridusTimber rattlesnakeViperidaeIUCN (LC)
Texas (T)
Crotalus lepidus klauberiBanded rock rattlesnakeViperidae
Crotalus lepidus lepidusMottled rock rattlesnakeViperidaeIUCN (LC)
Crotalus ornatusEastern black-tailed rattlesnake ViperidaeIUCN (LC)
Crotalus scutulatusMojave rattlesnakeViperidaeIUCN (LC)
Crotalus viridis viridisPrairie rattlesnakeViperidaeIUCN (LC)
Sistrurus tergeminus edwardsiiDesert massasaugaViperidae
Sistrurus tergeminus tergeminusWestern massasaugaViperidae
Sistrurus miliarius streckeriWestern pigmy rattlesnakeViperidae

Turtles

Picture!Scientific name!Common name!Family!Conservation status
Caretta carettaLoggerhead sea turtleCheloniidaeIUCN (VU)
Texas (T)
Chelonia mydasGreen turtleCheloniidaeIUCN (EN)
Texas (T)
Eretmochelys imbricataHawksbill sea turtleCheloniidaeIUCN (CR)
Texas (E)
Lepidochelys kempiiAtlantic ridleyCheloniidaeIUCN (CR)
Texas (E)
Dermochelys coriaceaLeatherback sea turtleDermochelidaeIUCN (VU)
Texas (E)
Kinosternon flavescensYellow mud turtleKinosternidaeIUCN (LC)
Kinosternon hirtipes murrayiRough-footed mud turtleKinosternidaeIUCN (LC)
Kinosternon subrubrum hippocrepisMississippi mud turtleKinosternidae
Sternotherus carinatusRazorback musk turtleKinosternidae
Sternotherus odoratusEastern musk turtleKinosternidaeIUCN (LC)
Chrysemys dorsalisSouthern painted turtleEmydidaeIUCN (LC)
Chrysemys picta belliiWestern painted turtleEmydidaeIUCN (LC)
Deirochelys reticulariaChicken turtleEmydidae
Graptemys cagleiCagle's map turtleEmydidaeIUCN (EN)
Graptemys ouachitensisOachita map turtleEmydidaeIUCN (LC)
Graptemys sabinensisSabine map turtleEmydidaeIUCN (LC)
Graptemys pseudogeographica kohniiMississippi map turtleEmydidaeIUCN (LC)
Graptemys versaTexas map turtleEmydidaeIUCN (LC)
Malaclemys terrapinDiamondback terrapinEmydidaeIUCN (VU)
Pseudemys concinna concinnaEastern river cooterEmydidae
Pseudemys gorzugiRio Grande cooterEmydidaeIUCN (NT)
Pseudemys nelsoniFlorida red-bellied turtleEmydidaeIUCN (LC)
Pseudemys texanaTexas river cooterEmydidaeIUCN (LC)
Terrapene triunguisThree-toed box turtleEmydidaeIUCN (VU)
Terrapene ornata luteolaDesert box turtleEmydidae
Terrapene ornata ornataOrnate box turtleEmydidaeIUCN (NT)
Trachemys gaigeaeBig Bend sliderEmydidaeIUCN (VU)
Trachemys scripta elegansRed-eared sliderEmydidae
Chelydra serpentinaCommon snapping turtleChelydridaeIUCN (LC)
Macrochelys temminckiiAlligator snapping turtleChelydridaeIUCN (VU)
Apalone muticaSmooth softshell turtleTrionychidaeIUCN (LC)
Apalone spinifera emoryiTexas spiny softshell turtleTrionychidae
Apalone spinifera guadalupensisGuadalupe spiny softshell turtleTrionychidae
Apalone spinifera pallidaPallid spiny softshell turtleTrionychidae
Gopherus berlandieriTexas tortoiseTestudinidaeIUCN (LC)
Texas (T)

See also

Further reading

References