See also: List of state leaders in the 19th century.
This is a list of political entities in the 19th century (1801–1900) AD. It includes both sovereign states, self-declared unrecognized states, and any political predecessors of current sovereign states.
| Flag | Name | Capital(s) | Type | Existed | Region | Today part of | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | 1700–1904 | Africa: Central | Angola | ||||
| Colony, Portuguese | 1575–1975 | Africa: Central | Angola | ||||
| São Salvador | Kingdom/client | 1390–1914 | Africa: Central | Angola | |||
| Kingdom | 1720–present | Africa: Central | Angola | ||||
| Not specified | Kingdom | 1620–1910 | Africa: Central | Angola | |||
| Kingdom | 1631–1810 | Africa: Central | Angola | ||||
| Kingdom | 1500–1917 | Africa: Central | Angola | ||||
| Vassal state | 1550–1820 | Africa: Central | Angola | ||||
| Kingdom | 1515–1909 | Africa: Central | Angola | ||||
| Kingdom | 1600–present | Africa: Central | Angola | ||||
| Kingdom | 1700s–present | Africa: Central | Angola | ||||
| Kingdom | 1552–present | Africa: Central | Cameroon | ||||
| Kingdom | 16th century-present | Africa: Central | Cameroon | ||||
| Kingdom | 1394–1923 | Africa: Central | Cameroon | ||||
| Sultanate | 18th century–present | Africa: Central | Cameroon | ||||
| Kingdom | Africa: Central | Cameroon | |||||
| Kingdom | 1500–present | Africa: Central | Cameroon | ||||
| Kingdom | 1187–present | Africa: Central | Cameroon | ||||
| Kingdom | 15th century–1885 | Africa: Central | Cameroon | ||||
| Yaoundé | Colony, Germany | 1884–1916 | Africa: Central | Cameroon | |||
| Sultanate | 1830–1911 | Africa: Central | Central African Republic | ||||
| Rabih's Empire | Empire | 1894–1900 | Africa: Central | Chad | |||
| Chekna | Sultanate | 1522–1897 | Africa: Central | Chad | |||
| Fort Lamy | Colony, French | 1900–1960 | Africa: Central | Chad | |||
| Wadai Empire | Abéché | Empire | 1635–1908 | Africa: Central | Chad | ||
| Comancheria | Empire | c. 18th century – 1860s | Americas: North America | United States | |||
| Congo Free State | Boma | Kingdom | 1885–1908 | Africa: Central | Democratic Republic of the Congo | ||
| Kuba Kingdom | Not specified | Kingdom | c.1600–19th century | Africa: Central | Democratic Republic of the Congo | ||
| Kakongo | Kinguele | Kingdom | 15th century–1885 | Africa: Central | Democratic Republic of the Congo | ||
| Kingdom of Luba | Mwibele | Kingdom | 1585–1889 | Africa: Central | Democratic Republic of the Congo | ||
| Kingdom of Lunda | Not specified | Kingdom | c.1665–1887 | Africa: Central | Democratic Republic of the Congo | ||
| Kingdom | 1856–1891 | Africa: Central | Democratic Republic of the Congo | ||||
| Kingdom | c.1700–1927 | Africa: Central | Gabon | ||||
| Kingdom | 17th century–1875 | Africa: Central | Republic of the Congo | ||||
| Colony, French | 1882–1910 | Africa: Central | Republic of the Congo | ||||
| Kingdom | c.1550–c.1883 | Africa: Central | Republic of the Congo | ||||
| Colony, Portuguese | 1470–1975 | Africa: Central | São Tomé and Príncipe | ||||
| Chiefdom | 1740–1904 | Africa: Central | Zambia | ||||
| Sultanate | 15th century–c.1912 | Africa: East | Comoros | ||||
| Kingdom | 1540–1897 | Africa: East | Madagascar | ||||
| Boina bay | Kingdom | 1690–1840 | Africa: East | Madagascar | |||
| ? | Kingdom | 1600–1900 | Africa: East | Madagascar | |||
| Debarwa | Kingdom | 1137–1890 | Africa: East, Horn | Eritrea | |||
| Sultanate | 1734–1902 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | ||||
| Empire | 1137–1935; 1942–1974 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1567–1883 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1835–1887 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | ||||
| Kingdom | c.1780–1886 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | ||||
| Kingdom | c.1770–1902 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | ||||
| Ge | Governor | 14th century–1850 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | |||
| Ge | Emirate | 1647–1887 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | |||
| Kingdom | 15th century–1894 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1790–1932 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | ||||
| Kingdom | c.1390–1897 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1801–1891 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | ||||
| Kingdom | c.1250–1894 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | ||||
| Kingdom | 15th century–1894 | Africa: East, Horn | Ethiopia | ||||
| Hargeisa | Colony, British | 1884–1940; 1941–1960 | Africa: East, Horn | Somaliland | |||
| Sultanate | 1575/1607–1884 | Africa: East, Horn | Somalia | ||||
| Sultanate | Late 17th century–1911 | Africa: East, Horn | Somalia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1769–1907 | Africa: East, Horn | Somalia | ||||
| Kingdom | Early 17th century–1889 | Africa: East, Horn | Somalia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1878–1926 | Africa: East, Horn | Somalia | ||||
| Sultanate | c.1600–1924 | Africa: East, Horn | Somalia | ||||
| Sultanate | ~1750s–1884 | Africa: East, Horn | Somaliland | ||||
| Kingdom | 1680–1966 | Africa: East, Lakes | Burundi | ||||
| 16th century–1926 | Africa: East, Lakes | Kenya | |||||
| 1858–1885 | Africa: East, Lakes | Kenya | |||||
| Kingdom | 1730–1925 | Africa: East, Lakes | Tanzania | ||||
| Kingdom | 11th century–1962 | Africa: East, Lakes | Rwanda | ||||
| Fashoda | Kingdom | c.1490–1865 | Africa: East, Lakes | South Sudan | |||
| Kingdom | 1600–1963 | Africa: East, Lakes | Tanzania | ||||
| Kingdom | 1450–1963 | Africa: East, Lakes | Tanzania | ||||
| Kingdom | 1730–2000 | Africa: East, Lakes | Tanzania | ||||
| Kingdom | 14th–19th century | Africa: East, Lakes | Tanzania | ||||
| Sultanate | 1856–1964 | Africa: East, Lakes | Tanzania | ||||
| Kingdom | late 15th century–1967 | Africa: East, Lakes | Uganda | ||||
| Kingdom | early 14th century–1967 | Africa: East, Lakes | Uganda | ||||
| Kingdom | 16th century–1967 | Africa: East, Lakes | Uganda | ||||
| Empire of Kitara | Kingdom | 1300–1500 | Africa: East, Lakes | Uganda | |||
| Kingdom | late 1740–1896 | Africa: East, Lakes | Uganda | ||||
| Khedivate | 1867–1914 | Africa: Northeast | Egypt | ||||
| Sultanate | 1504–1821 | Africa: Northeast | Sudan | ||||
| Islamic state | 1885–1889 | Africa: Northeast | Sudan | ||||
| Colony, British/Egyptian | 1899–1956 | Africa: Northeast | Sudan | ||||
| Sultanate | 1603–1874; 1898–1916 | Africa: Northeast | Sudan | ||||
| Kingdom | 1750–1969 | Africa: Northeast | Sudan | ||||
| Emirate of Abdelkader | Emirate | 1832–1837 | Africa: Northwest | Algeria | |||
| Kingdom of Beni Abbas | Kingdom | 1510–1872 | Africa: Northwest | Algeria | |||
| Colony, French | 1830–1962 | Africa: Northwest | Algeria | ||||
| Regency of Algiers | De-facto independent Stratocracy | 1516–1830 | Africa: Northwest | Algeria | |||
| Sultanate of Tuggurt | Sultanate | 1516–1830 | Africa: Northwest | Algeria | |||
| Fezzan Sultanate | Sultanate | 1550–1812 | Africa: Northwest | Libya | |||
| Sultanate of Morocco | Fes | Sultanate | 1668–1912 | Africa: Northwest | Morocco | ||
| Territory, Spanish | 1884–1975 | Africa: Northwest | Western Sahara | ||||
| Protectorate | 1885–1966 | Africa: South | Botswana | ||||
| Protectorate | 1780–present | Africa: South | Botswana | ||||
| 1884–1966 | Africa: South | Lesotho | |||||
| Late 15th century–1870 | Africa: South | Malawi | |||||
| Empire | 1824–1895 | Africa: South | Mozambique | ||||
| Colony, Portuguese | 1498–1975 | Africa: South | Mozambique | ||||
| Angoche, Moma | Sultanate | 1485–1910 | Africa: South | Mozambique | |||
| Colony, German | 1884–1915 | Africa: South | Namibia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1650–present | Africa: South | Namibia | ||||
| Colony, Dutch | Africa: South | South Africa | |||||
| Kingdom | 1300–present | Africa: South | South Africa | ||||
| Empire | c.1780–1817 | Africa: South | South Africa | ||||
| Empire | c.1780–1825 | Africa: South | South Africa | ||||
| Colony, British | 1843–1910 | Africa: South | South Africa | ||||
| Republiek | 1884–1888 | Africa: South | South Africa | ||||
| → | Colony, British | 1795–1910 | Africa: South | South Africa | |||
| 1854–1902 | Africa: South | South Africa | |||||
| → → | Republic | 1856–1877; 1881–1902; 1914–1915 | Africa: South | South Africa | |||
| Colony, British | 1877–1881; 1902–1910 | Africa: South | South Africa | ||||
| Kingdom | 14th century–1890 | Africa: South | South Africa | ||||
| Kingdom | 1816–1897 | Africa: South | South Africa | ||||
| 1745–1906; 1968–present | Africa: South | Swaziland | |||||
| 17th century–1900 | Africa: South | Zambia | |||||
| 1635–1896 | Africa: South | Zimbabwe | |||||
| 1830s–1889 | Africa: South | Zimbabwe | |||||
| Empire | 1660–1866 | Africa: South | Zimbabwe | ||||
| Company rule | 1890–1924 | Africa: South | Zimbabwe | ||||
| Kingdom | c.1600–1904 | Africa: West | Benin | ||||
| Kingdom | 1557–1894 | Africa: West | Benin | ||||
| Kingdom | 1580–1817 | Africa: West | Benin | ||||
| Kingdoms | 11th century–1896 | Africa: West | Burkina Faso | ||||
| Kingdoms | 1714–1897 | Africa: West | Burkina Faso | ||||
| Colony, Portuguese | 1462–1975 | Africa: West | Cape Verde | ||||
| Ngazargamu | Empire | 1380–1893 | Africa: West | Chad | |||
| Colony, British | 1821–1965 | Africa: West | Gambia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1281–1875 | Africa: West | Gambia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1680–1897 | Africa: West | Gambia | ||||
| 1350–1838 | Africa: West | Ghana | |||||
| Kingdom | 1733–1880 | Africa: West | Ghana | ||||
| Kingdom | 1500–present | Africa: West | Ghana | ||||
| Kingdom | 1400–present | Africa: West | Ghana | ||||
| Kingdom | 1468–presenr | Africa: West | Ghana | ||||
| Kingdom | 1500–1840 | Africa: West | Ghana | ||||
| Kingdom | 1500–1820 | Africa: West | Ghana | ||||
| Empire | 1670–1902; 1935–1957 | Africa: West | Ghana | ||||
| Kingdom | 15th century–presenr | Africa: West | Ghana | ||||
| 1510–present | Africa: West | Ghana | |||||
| 1450–1895 | Africa: West | Ghana | |||||
| Confederation | 1868–1874 | Africa: West | Ghana | ||||
| Kingdom | 1252–1844 | Africa: West | Ghana | ||||
| Kingdom | 1317–1894 | Africa: West | Ghana | ||||
| Emirate | 1860–1897 | Africa: West | Ghana | ||||
| Colony, Portuguese | 1474–1974 | Africa: West | Guinea | ||||
| Imamate | 1725–1896 | Africa: West | Guinea | ||||
| Empire | 1878–1898 | Africa: West | Guinea | ||||
| Empire | until 1879 | Africa: West | Guinea | ||||
| Kingdom | 1600–1907 | Africa: West | Ivory Coast | ||||
| Kingdom | 1848–1980 | Africa: West | Ivory Coast | ||||
| Empire | 1710–1898 | Africa: West | Ivory Coast | ||||
| Kingdom | 1740–present | Africa: West | Ivory Coast | ||||
| Republic | 1854–1857 | Africa: West | Liberia | ||||
| Republic | 1847–present | Africa: West | Liberia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1076–1860 | Africa: West | Mali | ||||
| Kingdom | 950–1850 | Africa: West | Mali | ||||
| Kingdom | 1537–1867 | Africa: West | Mali | ||||
| Kingdom | c.1650–1898 | Africa: West | Mali | ||||
| Kingdom | 17th century–1880 | Africa: West | Mali | ||||
| Empire | 1712–1861 | Africa: West | Mali | ||||
| 1753–1890 | Africa: West | Mali | |||||
| 1591–1833 | Africa: West | Mali | |||||
| Empire | 1848–1893 | Africa: West | Mali | ||||
| Empire | c.1818–1862 | Africa: West | Mali | ||||
| Emirate | 1480–present | Africa: West | Mauritania | ||||
| Sultanate | 1731–1851 | Africa: West | Niger | ||||
| Dendi Kingdom | Kingdom | 1591–1901 | Africa: West | Niger | |||
| Kingdom | 1750–present | Africa: West | Niger | ||||
| Emirate | 1825–1894 | Africa: West | Niger | ||||
| Kingdom | 1600–1885 | Africa: West | Niger | ||||
| Kingdom | 1400–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1150–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1505–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1786–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Confederation | 1690–1902 | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1759-present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 11th–20th century | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1660–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1200–1893 | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 17th century–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1716–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1860–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1507–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1400–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1150–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1415–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1550–1900 | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1795–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Emirate | 1807–1903 | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1630–1914 | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Ibadan | Kingdom | 1829–1893 | Africa: West | Nigeria | |||
| Kingdom | 1786–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Igbo-Ukwu | Kingdom | 948–1911 | Africa: West | Nigeria | |||
| Kingdom | 1550–1840 | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1745–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1510–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1738–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Caliphate | 1804–1903 | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 17th century–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Oyo-Ile | Kingdom | c.1400–1896 | Africa: West | Nigeria | |||
| Benin City | Empire | 1180–1897 | Africa: West | Nigeria | |||
| Kingdom | 16th century–1922 | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1440–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1480–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1833–present | Africa: West | Nigeria | ||||
| Colony, French | 1895–1958 | Africa: West | Senegal | ||||
| Kingdom | 1549–1879 | Africa: West | Senegal | ||||
| Kingdom | 1867–1903 | Africa: West | Senegal | ||||
| Imamate | 1776–1861 | Africa: West | Senegal | ||||
| Kingdom | 1549–1875 | Africa: West | Senegal | ||||
| 15th century–1830 | Africa: West | Senegal | |||||
| 17th century–1858 | Africa: West | Senegal | |||||
| Kingdom | 1494–1969 | Africa: West | Senegal | ||||
| Kingdom | 1350–1969 | Africa: West | Senegal | ||||
| Kingdom | 1555–1874 | Africa: West | Senegal | ||||
| Kingdom | 1287–1855 | Africa: West | Senegal | ||||
| Kingdom | 1505–1896 | Africa: West | Sierra Leone | ||||
| Colony, British | 1800–1961 | Africa: West | Sierra Leone | ||||
| Kingdom | 1600–1884 | Africa: West | Togo | ||||
| 1884–1916 | Africa: West | Togo | |||||
| Colony, British | 1632–1981 | Americas: Caribbean | Antigua | ||||
| Colony, British | 1648–1973 | Americas: Caribbean | Bahamas | ||||
| 1627–1958; 1962–1966 | Americas: Caribbean | Barbados | |||||
| Territory, Spanish | 1607–1898 | Americas: Caribbean | Cuba | ||||
| Colony, British | 1715–1978 | Americas: Caribbean | Dominica | ||||
| Republic | 1844–1861; 1865–present | Americas: Caribbean | Dominican | ||||
| Colony, British | 1763–1979 | Americas: Caribbean | Grenadines | ||||
| Empire | 1804–1806 | Americas: Caribbean | Haiti | ||||
| 1859–present | Americas: Caribbean | Haiti | |||||
| Kingdom | 1811–1820 | Americas: Caribbean | Haiti | ||||
| 1806–1811 | Americas: Caribbean | Haiti | |||||
| Colony, French | 1625–1804 | Americas: Caribbean | Haiti | ||||
| Colony, British | 1762–1979 | Americas: Caribbean | Saint Lucia | ||||
| Colony, British | 1889–1962 | Americas: Caribbean | Trinidad and Tobago | ||||
| Colony, British | 1862–1981 | Americas: Central | Belize | ||||
| 1823–present | Americas: Central | Costa Rica | |||||
| 1841–present | Americas: Central | El Salvador | |||||
| Republic | 1823–1838 | Americas: Central | Guatemala | ||||
| Republic | 1823–1838 | Americas: Central | Guatemala | ||||
| Territory, Spanish | 1609–1821 | Americas: Central | Guatemala | ||||
| 1823–present | Americas: Central | Guatemala | |||||
| 1838-1840; 1848-1849 | Americas: Central | Guatemala | |||||
| Republic | 1896–1898 | Americas: Central | Honduras | ||||
| 1838–present | Americas: Central | Honduras | |||||
| 1838–1894 | Americas: Central | Nicaragua | |||||
| 1894–present | Americas: Central | Nicaragua | |||||
| Kingdom | 1867–present | Americas: North | Canada | ||||
| Republic | 1867–1870 | Americas: North | Canada | ||||
| Company rule | 1774–1908 | Americas: North | Greenland | ||||
| c.1850–1901 | Americas: North | Mexico | |||||
| Empire | 1821–1823 | Americas: North | Mexico | ||||
| Republic | 1867–present | Americas: North | Mexico | ||||
| Republic | 1840–1840 | Americas: North | Mexico | ||||
| Empire | 1864–1867 | Americas: North | Mexico | ||||
| Republic | 1854–1854 | Americas: North | Mexico | ||||
| Republic | 1823; 1841–1848 | Americas: North | Mexico | ||||
| Republic | 1846–1846 | Americas: North | United States | ||||
| 1794–1907 | Americas: North | United States | |||||
| → → → → → | Confederation | 1861–1865 | Americas: North | United States | |||
| Republic | 1832–1835 | Americas: North | United States | ||||
| 1799–1803 | Americas: North | United States | |||||
| Republic | 1836–1846 | Americas: North | United States | ||||
| → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → | Republic | 1776–present | Americas: North | United States | |||
| Republic | 1810–1810 | Americas: North | United States | ||||
| Kingdom | 1860–1862 | Americas: South | Argentina | ||||
| 1861–present | Americas: South | Argentina | |||||
| 1852–1861 | Americas: South | Argentina | |||||
| Confederation | 1831–1861 | Americas: South | Argentina | ||||
| 1810–1831 | Americas: South | Argentina | |||||
| Territory, Spanish | 1776–1810 | Americas: South | Argentina | ||||
| 1839–present | Americas: South | Bolivia | |||||
| Republic | 1899-1900; 1903 | Americas: South | Brazil | ||||
| Republic | 1889–1930 | Americas: South | Brazil | ||||
| Kingdom | 1815–1822/1825 | Americas: South | Brazil | ||||
| Territory, Spanish | 1541–1818 | Americas: South | Chile | ||||
| Republic | 1818–present | Americas: South | Chile | ||||
| 1886–present | Americas: South | Colombia | |||||
| 1863–1886 | Americas: South | Colombia | |||||
| 1821–1831 | Americas: South | Colombia | |||||
| Confederation | 1858–1863 | Americas: South | Colombia | ||||
| Republic | 1831–1858 | Americas: South | Colombia | ||||
| Republic | 1810–1816 | Americas: South | Colombia | ||||
| Territory, Spanish | 1717–1819 | Americas: South | Colombia | ||||
| 1830–present | Americas: South | Ecuador | |||||
| Colony, British | 1814–1966 | Americas: South | Guyana | ||||
| → | 1811–present | Americas: South | Paraguay | ||||
| 1839–present | Americas: South | Peru | |||||
| Territory, Spanish | 1542–1824 | Americas: South | Peru | ||||
| Confederation | 1836–1839 | Americas: South | Peru | ||||
| Colony, Dutch | 1667–1954 | Americas: South | Suriname | ||||
| Federation | 1815–1820 | Americas: South | Uruguay | ||||
| 1828–present | Americas: South | Uruguay | |||||
| 1864–1953 | Americas: South | Venezuela | |||||
| Khanate | 1456–1847 | Asia: Central | Kazakhstan | ||||
| Khanate | 1709–1876 | Asia: Central | Uzbekistan | ||||
| Emirate | 1747–1826 | Asia: Central | Uzbekistan | ||||
| Khanate | 1511–1920 | Asia: Central | Uzbekistan | ||||
| → | Monarchy | 1644–1912 | Asia: East | China | |||
| Republic | 1895 | Asia: East | Taiwan | ||||
| 1851–1864 | Asia: East | China | |||||
| Republic | 1869 | Asia: East | Japan | ||||
| Empire | 1868–1947 | Asia: East | Japan | ||||
| Kingdom | 1429–1879 | Asia: East | Japan | ||||
| Shogunate | 1600–1868 | Asia: East | Japan | ||||
| → → → | Kingdom | 1392–1897 | Asia: East | Korea | |||
| Empire | 1897–1910 | Asia: East | Korea | ||||
| Kingdom | 1407–1950 | Asia: East | Tibet | ||||
| Dêgê | Kingdom | 15th century–1956 | Asia: East | Tibet | |||
| Ezhi | Kingdom | 11th century–1959 | Asia: East | Tibet | |||
| Kanam | Empire | 1330–1928 | Asia: East | Tibet | |||
| Emirate of Afghanistan | Emirate | 1823–1926; 1929 | Asia: South | Afghanistan | |||
| Empire | 1747–1823; 1839-1842 | Asia: South | Afghanistan | ||||
| Kingdom | 1616–1907 | Asia: South | Bhutan | ||||
| Kingdom | 1650–1905 | Asia: South | Bhutan | ||||
| Kingdom | 1666–1736; 1758–1839; 1839–1947 | Asia: South | Pakistan,Iran | ||||
| Colony, British | 1858–1947 | Asia: South | India | ||||
| Company rule | 1757–1858 | Asia: South | India | ||||
| Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 1697–1948 | Asia: South | Pakistan | ||||
| Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 1742–1948 | Asia: South | Pakistan | ||||
| Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 18th century–1948 | Asia: South | Pakistan | ||||
| Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 1110–1949 | Asia: South | India | ||||
| Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 1437–1948 | Asia: South | India | ||||
| Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 1296–1949 | Asia: South | India | ||||
| Princely state (subsidiary alliance) | 1178–1949 | Asia: South | India | ||||
| 1541–1957 | Asia: South | India | |||||
| Various | Kingdom | 12th century–1947 | Asia: South | India | |||
| 1803–1948 | Asia: South | India | |||||
| Kingdom | 1846-1953 | Asia: South | India | ||||
| Kingdom | 1228–1826 | Asia: South | India | ||||
| 1765–1949 | Asia: South | India | |||||
| 1757–1950 | Asia: South | India | |||||
| Darbhanga | Kingdom | 1557–1947 | Asia: South | India | |||
| Various | Kingdom | 888–1949 | Asia: South | India | |||
| Jaisalmer | Principality | 1156–1947 | Asia: South | India | |||
| Empire | 1526–1540; 1555–1857 | Asia: South | India | ||||
| Sirmür | Principality | 1095–1948 | Asia: South | India | |||
| Empire | 1674–1820 | Asia: South | India | ||||
| Mysore, Srirangapatna | Kingdom | 1399–1947 | Asia: South | India | |||
| 1588–1779 | Asia: South | India | |||||
| Empire | 1799–1849 | Asia: South | India | ||||
| Kingdom | 1642–1975 | Asia: South | India | ||||
| 1729–1949 | Asia: South | India | |||||
| 14th century–1949 | Asia: South | India | |||||
| Monarchy | 1757–1952; 1954–1968 | Asia: South | Maldives | ||||
| Sultanate | 1117–1952; 1954–1968 | Asia: South | Maldives | ||||
| Kingdom | 1768–2008 | Asia: South | Nepal | ||||
| Colony, British | 1815–1948 | Asia: South | Sri Lanka | ||||
| Various | Empire | 7th century–1888 | Asia: Southeast | Brunei | |||
| Colony, British | 1824–1942; 1945–1948 | Asia: Southeast | Burma | ||||
| Monarchy | 1752–1885 | Asia: Southeast | Burma | ||||
| Kingdom | early 15th century–1863 | Asia: Southeast | Cambodia | ||||
| Colony, Dutch | 1800–1942; 1945–1949 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Republic | 1777–1884 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1496–1903 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1630–1946 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1526–1860 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1332–1965 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1527–1813 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1640–1958 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1731–1964 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1332–1960 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1670–c.1940 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1632–1946 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 14th century–1947 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1468–1947 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Kingdom | 10-14th century–19th century | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1740–1944 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1347–1833 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1659–1823 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1888–c.1890 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1722–1949 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1745–present | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Kingdom | 15th century–1856 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1257/1486–1918 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1081?/1450–1967 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1755–present | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Principality | 1642–1962 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Principality | 1613–1958 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Principality | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | |||||
| Principality | 17th century–1950s | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Principality | 1658–1906 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Principality | 1658–1917 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Principality | 1500–1949 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Principality | 1642–1962 | Asia: Southeast | Indonesia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1713–1946 | Asia: Southeast | Laos | ||||
| Kingdom | 1707–1947 | Asia: Southeast | Laos | ||||
| Kingdom | 13th century–1833 | Asia: Southeast | Laos | ||||
| Kingdom | 1707–1828 | Asia: Southeast | Laos | ||||
| 1895–1942; 1945–1946 | Asia: Southeast | Malaysia | |||||
| Sultanate | 1470–1896 | Asia: Southeast | Malaysia | ||||
| Perak Sultanate Siak dynasty | Sultanate | 1528–1896 | Asia: Southeast | Malaysia | |||
| Sambas | Sultanate | 1609–1956 | Asia: Southeast | Malaysia | |||
| Sultanate | 1745–1896 | Asia: Southeast | Malaysia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1500–1888 | Asia: Southeast | Philippines | ||||
| Colony, Spanish | 1565–1898 | Asia: Southeast | Philippines | ||||
| Kingdom | 1802–1899 | Asia: Southeast | Thailand | ||||
| Principality | 1707–1832 | Asia: Southeast | Thailand | ||||
| Kingdom | 1782–1932 | Asia: Southeast | Thailand | ||||
| Protectorate, French | 1884–1945; 1945–1949 | Asia: Southeast | Vietnam | ||||
| Indrapura, Vijaya, Panduranga | Kingdom | 192–1832 | Asia: Southeast | Vietnam | |||
| Chiefdoms | 17th century–1954 | Asia: Southeast | Vietnam | ||||
| Colony, French | 1862–1945; 1945–1949 | Asia: Southeast | Vietnam | ||||
| Empire (1802–1883), Protectorate (1884–1945) | 1802–1945 | Asia: Southeast | Vietnam | ||||
| Kingdom | 1778–1802 | Asia: Southeast | Vietnam | ||||
| 1884–1945; 1945–1949 | Asia: Southeast | Vietnam | |||||
| 1882–1941 | Asia: Southeast | Malaysia | |||||
| Kingdom | 1841–1941; 1945–1946 | Asia: Southeast | Malaysia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1528–c.1949 | Asia: Southeast | Malaysia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1516–1902 | Asia: Southeast | Malaysia | ||||
| Territory, British | 1826–1942; 1945–1946 | Asia: Southeast | Malaysia | ||||
| Various | Sultanate/client | 1405–1915 | Asia: Southeast | Philippines | |||
| Emirate | 1836–1921 | Asia: West | Arabia | ||||
| Emirate | 1530s–1835 | Asia: West | Iran | ||||
| Sheikhdom | 1752–1961 | Asia: West | Kuwait | ||||
| 1820–1970 | Asia: West | Oman | |||||
| Imamate | 751–1970 | Asia: West | Oman | ||||
| Empire | 1696–1856 | Asia: West | Oman | ||||
| Persia | Monarchy | 1789–1925 | Asia: West | Persia | |||
| Emirate | 1669–1800 | Asia: West | Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Emirate | 1812–1891 | Asia: West | Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Emirate | 1744–1818 | Asia: West | Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Empire | 1299–1923 | Asia: West | Turkey | ||||
| 1820–1971 | Asia: West | United Arab Emirates | |||||
| 1636–1930 | Asia: West | Yeman | |||||
| Emirate | 17th century–1967 | Asia: West | Yeman | ||||
| Emirate | 15th century–1967 | Asia: West | Yeman | ||||
| 1432–1967 | Asia: West | Yeman | |||||
| 1633–1934 | Asia: West | Yeman | |||||
| Sheikhdom | 18th century–1967 | Asia: West | Yeman | ||||
| Sultanate | 18th century–1967 | Asia: West | Yeman | ||||
| Sultanate | c.1800–1967 | Asia: West | Yeman | ||||
| c.1640–1967 | Asia: West | Yeman | |||||
| c.1640–1967 | Asia: West | Yeman | |||||
| 1597–1849 | Asia: West | Yeman | |||||
| Principality | 1460s–1829 | Eurasia: Caucasus | Georgia | ||||
| Sultanate | 1260–1810 | Eurasia: Caucasus | Azerbaijan | ||||
| Imamate | 1829–1859 | Eurasia: Caucasus | Dagestan | ||||
| Ilisu | Kingdom | 1604–1844 | Eurasia: Caucasus | Georgia | |||
| Kingdom | 1762–1801 | Eurasia: Caucasus | Georgia | ||||
| Principality | 1557–1867 | Eurasia: Caucasus | Georgia | ||||
| Principality | 1266–1625 | Eurasia: Caucasus | Georgia | ||||
| Principality | 1878–1908 | Europe: Balkans | Bulgaria | ||||
| Kingdom | 1527–1868 | Europe: Balkans | Croatia | ||||
| Kingdom | 1868–1918 | Europe: Balkans | Croatia | ||||
| Ragusa | Republic | 1358–1807 | Europe: Balkans | Croatia | |||
| Various | Kingdom | 1832–1924; 1935–1941; 1944–1974 | Europe: Balkans | Greece | |||
| 1815–1864 | Europe: Balkans | Greece | |||||
| Republic | 1800–1815 | Europe: Balkans | Greece | ||||
| Republic | 1828–1832 | Europe: Balkans | Greece | ||||
| 1877–1913 | Europe: Balkans | Kosovo | |||||
| Prince-Bishopric | 1696–1852 | Europe: Balkans | Montenegro | ||||
| Principality | 1852–1910 | Europe: Balkans | Montenegro | ||||
| ➝ | Kingdom | 1882–1918 | Europe: Balkans | Serbia | |||
| Principality of Serbia | Principality | 1815–1882 | Europe: Balkans | Serbia | |||
| Illyrian Provinces | Protectorate, French | 1809–1816 | Europe: Balkans | Slovenia | |||
| ➝ | Kingdom | 1801–1922 | Europe: British Isles | United Kingdom | |||
| Monarchy | 1867–1918 | Europe: Central | Austria | ||||
| Archduchy | 1453–1806/1918 | Europe: Central | Austria | ||||
| Composite monarchy | 1526–1804 | Europe: Central | Austria | ||||
| Empire | 1804–1867 | Europe: Central | Austrian | ||||
| Kingdom | 1198–1918 | Europe: Central | Czech Republic | ||||
| Confederation | 1815–1866 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Empire | 1871–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Empire | 962–1806 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Confederation | 1867–1871 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Confederation | 1806–1813 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Duchy | 1806–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Monarchy | 1252–1468; 1603–1863 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Monarchy | 1396–1561; 1603–1863 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Monarchy | 1396–1561; 1603–1853 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Principality | 1803–1810 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Grand Duchy | 1806–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Kingdom | 1805–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Grand Duchy | 1806–1813 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| City-state republic | 1806–1867 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Braunschweig | Duchy | 1815–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | |||
| City-state republic | 1372–1806; 1816–1866 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Client Grand Duchy | 1810–1813 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| City-state | 1806–1867 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Electorate | 1692–1807 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Kingdom | 1814–1866 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Monarchy | 1803–1807; 1813–1866 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Grand Duchy | 1806–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Landgraviate | 1567–1806 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Landgraviate | 1622–1866 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Monarchy | 1576–1850 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Monarchy | 1576–1850 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Duchy | 1474–1864 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Client Principality | 1806–1814 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Principality | 1123–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| City-state | 1226–1811; 1815–1937 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Monarchy | 780–1803 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Duchy | 1379–1815 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Grand Duchy | 1815–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Duchy | 1701–1815 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Grand Duchy | 1815–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Duchy | 1806–1866 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Grand Duchy | 1814–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Kingdom | 1701–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Kingdom | 1525–1947 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Principality | 1803–1810 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| c.1010–1778/1806 | Europe: Central | Germany | |||||
| Monarchy | 1678–1824 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Principality | 1806–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Principality | 1778–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Monarchy | 1425–1547; 1647–1824 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Duchy | 1602–1672; 1826–1920 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Duchy | 1826–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Duchy | 1699–1825 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Duchy | 1680–1826 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Duchy | 1680–1826 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Duchy | 1296–1803; 1814–1876 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Duchy | 1680–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Grand Duchy | 1809–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Kingdom | 1806–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Principality | 1643–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Principality | 1599–1919 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Principality | 1599–1920 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Principality | 1180–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Kingdom | 1807–1813 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Monarchy | 11th century–1918 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Grand Duchy | 1805–1814 | Europe: Central | Germany | ||||
| Various | Kingdom | 1000–1918 | Europe: Central | Hungary | |||
| Principality | 1806–present | Europe: Central | Liechtenstein | ||||
| Kingdom | 1772–1918 | Europe: Central | Poland | ||||
| City-state republic | 1815–1846 | Europe: Central | Poland | ||||
| Occupation | 1807–1815 | Europe: Central | Poland | ||||
| Republic | 1798–1803 | Europe: Central | Switzerland | ||||
| Confederation | 1803–1815 | Europe: Central | Switzerland | ||||
| 1815–1848 | Europe: Central | Switzerland | |||||
| 1848–present | Europe: Central | Switzerland | |||||
| Principality | 1346–1859 | Europe: East | Romania | ||||
| Principalities | 1859–1881 | Europe: East | Romania | ||||
| Kingdom | 1881–1947 | Europe: East | Romania | ||||
| Principality | 1330–1859 | Europe: East | Romania | ||||
| Province (Russia) | 1721–1917 | Europe: East, Baltic | Estonia | ||||
| Empire | 1721–1917 | Europe: East; Asia: Central | Russia | ||||
| Various | Kingdom | 1814–present | Europe: Nordic | Denmark | |||
| Kingdom | 1524–1814 | Europe: Nordic | Denmark | ||||
| Duchy | 1058–1866 | Europe: Nordic | Denmark | ||||
| Grand Duchy | 1809–1917 | Europe: Nordic | Finland | ||||
| Kingdom | 1814 | Europe: Nordic | Norway | ||||
| 1523–1814; 1905–present | Europe: Nordic | Sweden | |||||
| Various | Kingdom | 1814–1905 | Europe: Nordic | Sweden | |||
| Republic | 1797–1802 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Republic | 1440–1826 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Principality | 1814–1815 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Kingdom | 1801–1807 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Republic | 1005–1797; 1814–1815 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Republic/client | 1802–1805 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Kingdom | 1805–1814 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Kingdom | 1861–1946 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Republic | 1797–1805 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Kingdom | 1815–1866 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Duchy | 1815–1847 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Lucca | Republic | 1160–1805 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | |||
| Duchy | 15th–19th century | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Duchy | 1452–1796; 1814–1859 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Kingdom | 1285–1816 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Kingdom | 1043–1410; 1442–1500; 1735–1816 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Duchy | 1545–1859 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Cagliari, Turin | Kingdom | 1324–1861 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | |||
| Various | Kingdom | 1130–1816 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | |||
| Benevento | Duchy/Principality | 574–1802 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | |||
| Grand Duchy | 1569–1801; 1815–1859 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Kingdom | 1816–1861 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| 1798–1801 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | |||||
| Republic | 1849 | Europe: Southcentral | Italy | ||||
| Protectorate, British | 1800–1813 | Europe: Southcentral | Malta | ||||
| Colony, British | 1813–1964 | Europe: Southcentral | Malta | ||||
| Rome | Pontificate | 754–1870 | Europe: Southcentral | Papal | |||
| → | San Marino | Republic | AD 301–present | Europe: Southcentral | San Marino | ||
| Principality | 1278–present | Europe: Southwest | Andorra | ||||
| Various | Kingdom | 1139–1910 | Europe: Southwest | Portugal | |||
| Kingdom | 1700–1812 | Europe: Southwest | Spain | ||||
| Republic | 1873–1874 | Europe: Southwest | Spain | ||||
| Kingdom | 1813–1873 | Europe: Southwest | Spain | ||||
| Toledo, Madrid | Kingdom | 1874–1931 | Europe: Southwest | Spain | |||
| Santiago de Compostela | Kingdom | 409–1833 | Europe: Southwest | Spain | |||
| German Colony | 1871–1918 | Europe: West | France | ||||
| 1814–1815; 1815–1830 | Europe: West | France | |||||
| Empire | 1804–1814; 1815 | Europe: West | France | ||||
| Republic | 1792–1804 | Europe: West | France | ||||
| Republic | 1848–1852 | Europe: West | France | ||||
| Monarchy | 1830–1848 | Europe: West | France | ||||
| Republic | 1870–1940 | Europe: West | France | ||||
| Empire | 1852–1870 | Europe: West | France | ||||
| 1848–1860 | Europe: West | France | |||||
| 1419–1793; 1814–present | Europe: West | Monaco | |||||
| Kingdom | 1830–present | Europe: West, Low Countries | Belgium | ||||
| 1815–present | Europe: West, Low Countries | Luxembourg | |||||
| Republic | 1795–1806 | Europe: West, Low Countries | Netherlands | ||||
| Kingdom | 1806–1810 | Europe: West, Low Countries | Netherlands | ||||
| Principality | 1813–1815 | Europe: West, Low Countries | Netherlands | ||||
| Kingdom | 1815–1839 | Europe: West, Low Countries | Netherlands | ||||
| Kingdom | 1839–present | Europe: West, Low Countries | Netherlands | ||||
| Colony, British | 1788–1901 | Oceania | Australia | ||||
| Kingdom | Early 19th century–1895* | Oceania | Bora Bora | ||||
| Federation | 1893–1901 | Oceania | Cook Islands | ||||
| Colony, Portuguese | 1702–1975 | Oceania | East Timor | ||||
| Kingdom | 900–1878 | Oceania | Easter Island | ||||
| Colony, British | 1874–1970 | Oceania | Fiji | ||||
| Kingdom | 1871–1874 | Oceania | Fiji | ||||
| Kingdom | 1760–1895 | Oceania | French Polynesia | ||||
| Kingdom | 18th century–1881 | Oceania | French Polynesia | ||||
| Monarchy | 18th century–1888 | Oceania | French Polynesia | ||||
| British Colony | 1892–1976 | Oceania | Kiribati | ||||
| Colony, German | 1884–1919 | Oceania | New Guinea | ||||
| Kingdom | 1858–1893 | Oceania | New Zealand | ||||
| Colony, British | 1841–1907 | Oceania | New Zealand | ||||
| Monarchy | c. 1700–1900 | Oceania | Niue | ||||
| Protectorate, British | 1900–1974 | Oceania | Niue | ||||
| Territory, British | 1883–1949 | Oceania | Papua New Guinea | ||||
| Colony, German | 1900–1920 | Oceania | Samoa | ||||
| Monarchy | pre-1858–1900 | Oceania | Samoa | ||||
| Monarchy | up to 1900 | Oceania | Samoa | ||||
| Colony, British | 1893–1978 | Oceania | Solomon Islands | ||||
| Kingdom | 1788–1880 | Oceania | Tahiti | ||||
| Protectorate | 1900–1970 | Oceania | Tonga | ||||
| Kingdom | 1845–1900; 1970–present | Oceania | Tonga | ||||
| Empire | 450s–1865 | Oceania | Tonga | ||||
| → | Kingdom | 1795–1893 | Oceania | United States | |||
| Provisional Government | 1893–1894 | Oceania | United States | ||||
| Republic | 1894–1898 | Oceania | United States | ||||
| Colony, British/French | 1887–1906 | Oceania | Vanuatu |