List of plants of Doi Suthep–Pui National Park explained
This article contains a list of the more than 2,200 vascular plant species of Doi Suthep–Pui National Park in Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand from Maxwell & Elliott (2011:63-154).[1]
Representative species by floral zone
Doi Suthep–Pui National Park displays altitudinal zonation. This section lists some of the characteristic species of each floral zone.[1]
Bamboo/deciduous seasonal forest
Of the 173 tree species which occur in bamboo/deciduous forest, 125 (72%) are deciduous and 31 are common or abundant.
Trees that are commercially valuable include:
Other characteristic trees are:
Common understory trees include:
Characteristic deciduous understory treelets include:
- Desmodium laxiflorum
- Desmodium pulchellum
Woody climbers (lianas) are often quite large. There are 55 species, of which 65% are deciduous. They include:
There are 30 shrub species, of which 63% are deciduous. Shrubs are represented by many species in bamboo/deciduous forest. Some typical examples are:
- Helicteres elongata
- Helicteres hirsuta
- Desmodium gangeticum
- Desmodium velutinum
- Sericocalyx quadrifarius
- Phyllanthus sootepensis
- Sauropus hirsutus
Bamboos include:
Bamboo/deciduous forest supports 38 species of epiphytes, most of which are perennial and 58% of which are evergreen. They mostly belong to 3 groups:
Species particularly characteristic of bamboo/deciduous forest include:
Epiliths include 12 species, usually restricted to rocks in streams. They include ferns such as:
- Selaginella kurzii
- Pteris decrescens
There are also several species of the family Gesneriaceae, include:
- Chirita hamosa
- Streptocarpus orientalis
The following herbs flower in April before their leaves appear:
Species appearing in May and June, at the start of the rainy season:
Plants that mature by July and August include ferns, etc. such as:
- Selaginella ostenfeldii
- Anisocampium cumingianum
- Kuniwatsukia cuspidata
- Dryopteris cochleata (has bimorphic fronds; a characteristic fern)
The grass most characteristic of the ground flora in bamboo/deciduous forest is:
- Oryza meyeriana var. granulata
Other common grasses, which also occur in other habitats and are highly combustible during the hot dry season, are:
- Microstegium vagans
- Panicum notatum
A total of 316 herb species has been recorded in bamboo/deciduous forest, of which 294 are ground herbs. Of those, 65% are perennial.
Deciduous dipterocarp-oak seasonal forest
In seasonally dry or degraded areas, from the lowlands up to about 800-900 m elevation, deciduous dipterocarp-oak forest replaces bamboo/deciduous forest. It is a secondary, fire climax forest which merges with bamboo/deciduous forest, but is never replaced with mixed evergreen/deciduous forest.
It contains less biodiversity with only 99 tree species, of which 24 are common or abundant.
Dominant tree species of the Dipterocarpaceae include:
Common Fagaceae species include:
Other characteristic trees are:
Additional common species:
2 tree species have rapid leaf turnover, flushing new leaves at the same time as the old leaves are shed. They include:
The following tree is very common at higher elevations (650-800 m), along with the two trees listed above:
Deciduous dipterocarp-oak forest supports only 14 species of woody climbers, but the deciduous species that are easily found are:
Shrubs (29 species) and treelets (48 species) are abundant. Some common examples are:
- Helicteres isora
- Grewia abutilifolia
- Grewia lacei
- Desmodium motorium
- Desmodium triangulare
- Indigofera cassioides
- Gardenia obtusifolia
- Pavetta fruticosa
- Strobilanthes apricus var. pedunculatus
- Premna herbacea
- Premna nana
- Breynia fruticosa
- Breynia glauca
- Sauropus bicolor
- Sauropus quadrangularis
- Pueraria wallichii (a deciduous shrub; often scandent)
- Mussaenda parva (a deciduous vine, woody climber, or scandent shrub)
Vines, often found in open, often burned, areas, are also common:
47 of the recorded vascular plant species live as epiphytes. Some of the most characteristic are evergreen, succulent, vines and creepers in the Asclepiadaceae, such as:
There are numerous succulent, evergreen and deciduous Orchidaceae (orchids), such as:
2 deciduous Polypodiaceae (fern) species, both with characteristically distinct growth forms, are also frequently seen:
- Drynaria rigidula
- Platycerium wallichii
Of the 274 ground herbs which have been recorded, 111 (40%) are annuals. Some of the more common examples are:
Robust, deciduous Poaceae (grasses) dominate and are all very combustible during the hot dry season from March to May. Some of the more common species are:
Cyperaceae (sedges) are also common in this fire-prone habitat. Typical species include:
Zingiberaceae (gingers) species, all of which are deciduous, are quite common. Typical species include:
Other common ground herbs include:
Common ferns:
- Adiantum philippense
- Adiantum zollingeri
- Cheilanthes tenuifolia
- Selaginella ostenfeldii (a common, deciduous, ground fern ally)
Mixed evergreen/deciduous seasonal forest
From about 800 m elevation (600 m near permanent streams) to about 1000 m, there is a mixture of deciduous and evergreen trees.
217 tree species have been recorded, with only about 43% of them being deciduous trees. The tree flora is similar to that of the bamboo/deciduous forest.
The characteristic tall, emergent, evergreen, dipterocarps, which have large gray trunks, small leaves, and open, broad crowns, are:
In contrast, the deciduous dipterocarp-oak forest has large-leaved dipterocarps.
Other common tree species:
Other tall evergreen trees:
Some common deciduous canopy trees are:
Common evergreen understory trees include:
A common deciduous understory tree:
71 treelet and 19 shrub species have been recorded. Common treelets and shrubs include:
- Millettia caerulea (deciduous)
- Ixora cibdela var. puberula (evergreen)
- Psychotria ophioxyloides (evergreen)
Woody climbers are common. 62 species have been recorded, including the following deciduous species:
Evergreen species that are common in this biozone, especially along streams, include:
- Combretum sundaicum
- Rhamnus nepalensis
- Tetrastigma laoticum
57 of the vascular plant species grow as epiphytes. The most specious groups are the figs (Moraceae, many of which are epiphytes only when young), orchids, and pteridophytes, but the Gesneriaceae and Loranthaceae are also represented.
Characteristic epiphytes are:
Typical hemiparasites include:
- Helixanthera pulchra
- Dendrophthoe pentandra
The ground flora is diverse and includes both annual, perennial, deciduous and evergreen species. Of the 278 ground herbs recorded, 25% are annual. Common deciduous herbs include:
- Strobilanthes anfractuosus
- Ruellia siamensis
- Begonia integrifolia
- Zingiber kerrii
- Globba villosula
Evergreen herb species are more common (comprising 60% of ground perennials) and include:
Typical ferns include:
Primary evergreen seasonal forest (without pine)
The upper part of the mixed evergreen/deciduous forest usually merges with the lower part of the evergreen forest at 900-950 m elevation.
Evergreen forest supports more tree species than any of the other forest types. 250 species have been recorded, of which only 67 (27%) are deciduous.
The evergreen forest has a wide variety of trees, with no dominant species or genera. Trees belong to diverse families, such as Lauraceae, Fagaceae, Theaceae, Moraceae, Magnoliaceae, and other families.
Characteristic evergreen canopy trees include:
- Alseodaphne andersonii
- Beilschmiedia aff. intermedia
- Cryptocarya amygdalina
- Artocarpus lanceolata
Several gigantic "strangling" figs:
Characteristic Fagaceae species are:
Castanopsis spp. tend to be shared with other forest types, including:
Other characteristic evergreen trees include:
A few of the larger deciduous canopy species include:
Most also occur in the deciduous forest types.
Some of the deciduous trees which are restricted to evergreen forest are relatively rare, including:
Other deciduous trees more typical of deciduous forest types sometimes spread up into evergreen forest due to fires or human disturbance. Common tree species shared with other forest types include:
The understory is denser than that of forests at lower elevations and is especially diverse in stream valleys. Understory trees include:
The following are also common, but grow in disturbed places.
- Styrax benzoides
- Maesa ramentacea
Some understory evergreen tree species, rarely exceeding 15 m tall, include:
Understory deciduous tree species include:
Treelets and shrubs (91 and 22 recorded species, respectively) are numerous. Characteristic treelets include:
Characteristic evergreen shrubs in moist areas include:
- Psychotria ophioxyloides
- Phlogacanthus curviflorus
Shaded, undisturbed stream valleys often have:
The following species are also common:
A high species richness of woody climbers (78 species) is a notable feature of evergreen forest. Some characteristic evergreen examples include:
- Toddalia asiatica
- Ficus parietalis
- Bauhinia glauca ssp. tenuiflora
- Combretum punctatum ssp. squamosum
- Uncaria macrophylla
The following are also common:
- Tetrastigma laoticum
- Tetrastigma obovatum
- Mucuna macrocarpa (also in mixed evergreen/deciduous forest)
Rattans (the following of which are also evergreen woody climbers) include:
- Calamus kerrianus (range from 700-1525 m, primarily in mixed and evergreen forests; an evergreen woody climber)
- Plectocomia kerriana (known only from the upper Chang Khian valley at 1350-1400 m; an evergreen woody climber)
- Calamus arborescens (known only from the middle Chang Khian Valley at 1050 m; a treelet or shrub)
There are numerous epiphytes in the evergreen forest. The "strangling" figs begin life as epiphytes:
Characteristic epiphytic shrubs include:
There are several evergreen hemiparasitic species belonging to the family Loranthaceae:
- Macrosolen cochinchinensis
- Viscum ovalifolium
- Viscum orientale
- Fagraea ceilanica (very rare)
Characteristic epiphytic vines include:
Epiphytic herbs are almost all perennials. Characteristic species include:
- Hedychium ellipticum
- orchids
- ferns
- Lepisorus nudus
- Davallodes membranulosum
- Gesneriaceae
- Didymocarpus wattianus
- Aeschynanthus hosseusii
The herbaceous ground flora (321 recorded species) is very diverse and includes numerous species of dicots, monocots, and ferns. Some of the most characteristic ferns in open, fire-damaged place are:
Some characteristic ferns in shaded, mostly pristine areas are:
Some common dicots are:
- Impatiens violaeflora
- Hydrocotyle siamica
- Ophiorrhiza hispidula
- Geophila repens
- Wedelia montana var. wallichii
- Pilea trinervia
Common herbaceous monocots are:
Parasitic or saprophytic members of the ground flora include several Balanophora species and others:
Rare orchids include:
Primary evergreen seasonal forest (with pine)
On fire-prone, exposed ridges at elevations of about 950–1,800 m, Pinus kesiya grows together with other evergreen forest tree species. In some areas, it is the dominant tree.
Some species more commonly found with Pinus kesiya than elsewhere, mostly due to the acidic lower pH of the soil, include:
Where fires are particularly frequent, plants of deciduous dipterocarp-oak forest spread up into the pine forests at much higher elevations than is typical, including:
In such areas, trees of the Fagaceae family are also common, including:
Altogether 99 tree species have been recorded, of which only 27 (27%) are deciduous.
The ground flora includes 263 recorded herb species, both annuals (32%) and perennials (68%). Annual herbs include:
Some deciduous, perennial counterparts are:
- Inula cappa
- Pratia begonifolia, a creeper
- Anthogonium gracile
- Oleandra undulata
- Kuniwatsukia cuspidata
Epiphytes (86 recorded species) are especially conspicuous and include both evergreen species (68%) and annual or deciduous ones (32%). Epiphytic, hemi-parasitic Loranthaceae, all evergreen shrubs, are common:
- Dendrophthoe pentandra
- Helixanthera parasitica
- Macrosolen avenis
- Scurrula ferruginea
- Viscum ovalifolium
Autotrophic evergreen, epiphytic and epilithic shrubs are frequently encountered:
- Agapetes hosseana
- Aeschynanthus hildebrandii
- Aeschynanthus hosseusii
Some common evergreen epiphytic and epilithic herbs are:
Some common deciduous epiphytic and epilithic herbs are:
- Didymocarpus aureoglandulosus
- Didymocarpus kerrii
- Araiostegia pulchra
- Crypsinus cruciformis
- Crypsinus oxylobus
- Drynaria propinqua
- Microsorum membranaceum
Evergreen epiphytic Orchidaceae species include:
Deciduous epiphytic Orchidaceae species include:
Rare or extinct orchid species include:
- Phaius tankervilleae (a particularly showy, evergreen ground orchid, perhaps extirpated from the park)
- Tainia viridifusca (deciduous, with highly conspicuous inflorescences; extremely rare)
35 vine species have been recorded, including:
- Codonopsis javanica (evergreen)
- Clitoria mariana (deciduous)
- Shuteria involucrata (deciduous)
Summit flora
The summit flora has been significantly altered, especially after the original primary evergreen forest was cleared and replaced with cultivated trees on the summit of Doi Pui in 1955. The soil has also become much more acidic.
Some of the original epiphytic flora has returned to the summit of Doi Pui, such as:
- Agapetes hosseana
- Aeschynanthus lineatus
- Cheirostylis griffithii
- Trichotosia dasyphylla
- Crypsinus cruciformis
- Crypsinus oxylobus
- Lepisorus heterolepis
- Microsorum membranaceum
- Polypodium amoenum
Some evergreen herbs which have returned, albeit in diminished populations, include:
- Hydrocotyle siamica
- Strobilanthes anfractuosus
- Strobilanthes consors
- Aspidistra sutepensis
Deciduous herbs are more common, including:
9 plant species, all of which are rare or down to a few individuals, are entirely restricted to summit areas between 1620 and 1685 m above sea level. They are:
- Poa annua
- Hedychium villosum
- Thalictrum foliolosum
- Aeschynanthus lineatus
- Strobilanthes consors
- Alpinia blepharocalyx
- Cleisostoma rolfeanum
- Cymbidium tracyanum
- Dendrobium sutepense
However, several species have disappeared from the summit:
Mountains in Thailand that more or less preserve the original vegetation at above 1650 m are Doi Inthanon (2565 m), Doi Chang (1975 m), and Doi Lang Ka (2031 m).
Disturbed areas and secondary growth
A total of 288 species of ground herbs survives in disturbed areas or secondary growth. 144 species are annuals, and 144 species are perennials. There are numerous annual tertiary growth herbaceous weeds, all of which require exposure to sunlight for germination and growth. Some of the more common species found at all elevations include:
Monocot weeds are also diverse and abundant. Some common examples are:
Robust perennial grasses are especially common in upland areas. They are robust, evergreen, and very persistent weeds in open, fire-damaged, upland areas, and include:
Naturalized woody weeds that often dominate open, disturbed areas are:
Secondary growth treelets (36 species) and trees (81 species) are common seen. If left undisturbed, they are replaced by primary forest trees. Some typical examples are:
In human settlements
Common shade trees include:
Some flowers and shrubs are:
Medicinal plants:
Exotic ornamental plants:
Plants species with large, colourful inflorescences, which have now escaped cultivation and are extirpating native species:
Plants used by local people
In the Hmong village of Doi Pui, located within the park boundaries, plant species utilized by the local people include the following.[2]
- wild fruits: Phyllanthus emblica, Protium serratum
- local vegetation: Diplazium, Lasia spinosa
- orchards: Dendrocalamus hamiltonii, Diplazium esculentum
- general healing: Betula alnoides, Cryptolepis dubia, Globba nisbetiana, Neuropeltis racemosa
- fever relief: Thunbergia laurifolia, Tithonia diversfolia
- healing and body anti-infective: Adiantum erylliae, Chromolaena odorata, Ricinus communis
- buffer zone between forest and agricultural areas: Sterculia macrophylla, Sterculia urens, Sterculia villosa
- dyes: Tephrosia purpurea, Artocarpus chama, Artocarpus lacucha
- burial ceremonies: Ixora sp., Rothmannia sootepensis
- communication with ancestral spirits: Pavetta indica
- placed on ears of sick people: Bombax anceps
- coffin wood: Magnolia baillonii, Magnolia garrettii
- hunting dart poison: resin of Antiaris toxicaria
- fish poison: Mucuna macrocarpa
- irritants for humans: Mallotus barbatus, Dendrocnide sp.
- construction, low strength: Castanopsis diversifolia, Castanopsis acuminatissima, Schima wallichii
- construction, preferred: Protium serratum, Canarium euphyllum, Canarium subulatum
- agricultural tools: Memecylon plebejum, Tristaniopsis burmanica
- charcoal production: Gluta glabra, Semecarpus cochinchinensis
- bamboos: Dendrocalamus hamiltonii, Thyrsostachys siamensis, Bambusa sp.
- animal feed: Cyperus iria, Brachiaria distachya
List of species by family
- Clematis buchananiana
- Clematis eichleri
- Clematis sikkimensis
- Clematis smilacifolia
- Clematis subumbellata
- Delphinium siamense
- Naravelia siamensis
- Thalictrum foliolosum
- Scyphellandra pierrei
- Viola pilosa
- Polygala chinensis
- Polygala longifolia
- Polygala persicariaefolia
- Polygala tricholopha
- Polygala triflora
- Polygala umbonata
- Salomonia cantoniensis
- Salomonia longiciliata
- Securidaca inappendiculata
- Xanthophyllum flavescens
- Xanthophyllum virens
- Impatiens curvipes
- Impatiens garrettii
- Impatiens mengtszeana
- Impatiens violaeflora
- Anacolosa ilicoides
- Olax imbricata
- Olax scandens
- Schoepfia fragrans
- Turpinia nepalensis
- Turpinia pomifera
- Itea puberula
- Itea riparia
- Polyosma elongata
- Decaspermum parviflorum
- Eugenia albiflora
- Eugenia cinerea
- Eugenia claviflora
- Eugenia cumini
- Eugenia formosa
- Eugenia fruticosa
- Eugenia aff. globiflora
- Eugenia grata
- Eugenia megacarpa
- Eugenia oblata
- Eugenia tetragona
- Tristaniopsis burmanica
- Begonia acetosella
- Begonia integrifolia
- Begonia laciniata
- Begonia martabanica
- Begonia siamensis
- Begonia aff. sinensis
- Begonia yunnanensis
- Glinus oppositifolius
- Mollugo pentaphylla
Comaceae
- Lonicera ferruginea
- Lonicera siamensis
- Sambucus javanica
- Viburnum cylindricum
- Viburnum inopinatum
- Adina trichotoma
- Aidia yunnanensis
- Anthocephalus chinensis
- Aphaenandra uniflora
- Argostemma ebracteolatum
- Argostemma khasianum
- Argostemma verticillatum
- Borreria alata
- Borreria brachystema
- Borreria laevis
- Borreria repens
- Canthium glabrum
- Canthium parvifolium
- Canthium umbellatum
- Catunaregam longispina
- Catunaregam spathulifolia
- Ceriscoides sessiliflora
- Ceriscoides turgida
- Cinchona pubescens
- Dioecrescis erythroclada
- Duperrea pavettifolia
- Fagerlindia sinensis
- Gardenia obtusifolia
- Gardenia sootepensis
- Geophila repens
- Haldina cordifolia
- Hedyotis auricularia
- Hedyotis coronaria
- Hedyotis corymbosa
- Hedyotis diffusa
- Hedyotis gracilipes
- Hedyotis lindleyana
- Hedyotis nalampooni
- Hedyotis ovatifolia
- Hedyotis pahompokae
- Hedyotis pinifolia
- Hedyotis quadrilocularis
- Hedyotis tenelliflora
- Hedyotis vestita
- Hymenodictyon orixense
- Hymenopogon parasiticus
- Hyptianthera bracteata
- Ixora butterwickii
- Ixora cibdela
- Ixora kerrii
- Knoxia brachycarpa
- Knoxia corymbosa
- Knoxia mollis
- Lasianthus kurzii
- Lasianthus lucidus
- Mitracarpus villosus
- Mitragyna hirsuta
- Mitragyna rotundifolia
- Morinda angustifolia
- Morinda tomentosa
- Mussaenda kerrii
- Mussaenda parva
- Mussaenda sanderiana
- Mycetia glandulosa
- Mycetia gracilis
- Mycetia longifolia
- Mycetia rivicola
- Ophiorrhiza hispidula
- Ophiorrhiza ridleyana
- Ophiorrhiza rosea
- Ophiorrhiza villosa
- Oxyceros horridus
- Paederia pallida
- Paederia pilifera
- Paederia scandens
- Paederia wallichii
- Pavetta fruticosa
- Pavetta indica
- Pavetta tomentosa
- Prismatomeris tetrandra
- Psychotria adenophylla
- Psychotria monticola
- Psychotria ophioxyloides
- Psychotria siamica
- Rothmannia sootepensis
- Rubia siamensis
- Saprosma sp.
- Spiradiclis caespitosa
- Tarenna vanprukii
- Tarennoidea wallichii
- Uncaria macrophylla
- Vangueria (Meyna) pubescens
- Wendlandia scabra
- Wendlandia tinctoria
- Lysimachia lancifolia
- Lysimachia peduncularis
- Lysimachia remotiflon
- Ardisia arborescens
- Ardisia attenuata
- Ardisia corymbifera
- Ardisia crenata
- Ardisia kerrii
- Ardisia maculosa
- Ardisia villosa
- Ardisia virens
- Embelia impressa
- Embelia oblongifolia
- Embelia pulchella
- Embelia sessiliflora
- Embelia sootepensis
- Embelia subcoriacea
- Embelia tsjeriam-cottam
- Maesa montana
- Maesa permollis
- Maesa ramentacea
- Rapanea yunnanensis
- Madhuca stipulacea
- Palaquium garrettii
- Pouteria grandifolia
- Sarcosperma arboreum
- Xantolis burmanica
- Atherolepis pierrei
- Ceropegia sootepensis
- Cryptolepis buchananii
- Cynanchum corymbosum
- Dischidia imbricata
- Dischidia major
- Dischidia nummularia
- Dischidia obcordata
- Dischidia singularis
- Dischidia sp.
- Genianthus laurifolius
- Gymnema griffithii
- Heterostemma siamicum
- Hoya engleriana
- Hoya kerrii
- Hoya siamica
- Hoya thomsonii
- Hoya verticillata
- Marsdenia cambodiensis
- Marsdenia aff. eriocaulis
- Marsdenia aff. tenacissima
- Marsdenia tenacissima
- Marsdenia thyrsiflora
- Marsdenia tinctoria
- Myriopteron extensum
- Oxystelma esculentum
- Raphistemma pulchellum
- Streptocaulon juventas
- Telosma pallida
- Toxocarpus aff. grifpthii
- Toxocarpus villosus
- Vincetoxicum sp. (as Tylophora sp.)
- Vincetoxicum fasciculatum (syn. Tylophora fasciculata)
- Vincetoxicum himalaicum (as Tylophora aff. himalaica)
- Vincetoxicum irrawadense (syn. Tylophora purpurea)
- Vincetoxicum rotundifolium (syn. Tylophora rotundifolia)
- Vincetoxicum sootepense (syn. Tylophora sootepensis)
- Zygostelma benthamii
- Adenosma hirsutum
- Alectra avensis
- Buchnera cruciata
- Centranthera cochinchinensis
- Limnophila chinensis
- Limnophila hayatae
- Limnophila indica
- Limnophila repens
- Limnophila rugosa
- Lindenbergia indica
- Lindenbergia philippensis
- Lindernia anagallis
- Lindernia antipoda
- Lindernia ciliata
- Lindemia crustacea
- Lindernia hookeri
- Lindernia montana
- Lindernia pusilla
- Lindernia viscosa
- Mazus pumilus
- Scoparia dulcis
- Sopubia fastigiata
- Sopubia trifida
- Striga asiatica
- Striga masuria
- Torenia benthamiana
- Torenia flava
- Torenia thorelii
- Torenia violacea
- Aeschynanthus hildebrandii
- Aeschynanthus hosseusii
- Aeschynanthus lineatus
- Aeschynanthus macranthus
- Chirita anachoreta
- Chirita brevipes
- Chirita hamosa
- Chirita micromusa
- Chirita pumila
- Didymocarpus aureoglandulosus
- Didymocarpus kerrii
- Didymocarpus siamensis
- Didymocarpus wattianus
- Epithema carnosum
- Leptoboea multiflora
- Paraboea kerrii
- Petrocosmea kerrii
- Rhynchoglossum obliquum
- Rhynchotechum ellipticum
- Rhynchotechum obovatum
- Stauranthera grandiflora
- Streptocarpus orientalis
- Andrographis laxiflora
- Andrographis paniculata
- Asystasia hispida
- Asystasia salicifolia
- Asystasiella neesiana
- Barleria cristata
- Barleria strigosa
- Chroesthes lanceolata
- Dicliptera roxburghiana
- Dipteracanthus repens
- Eranthemum tetragonum
- Gymnostachyum signatum
- Hemigraphis glaucescens
- Hypoestes aff. purpurea
- Justicia comata
- Justicia procumbens
- Justicia quadrifaria
- Justicia aff. quadrifaria
- Justicia ventricosa
- Mananthes pallida
- Nelsonia canescens
- Neuracanthus tetragonostachyus
- Ophiorrhiziphyllon macrobotryum
- Perilepta siamensis
- Peristrophe bicalyculata
- Peristrophe lanceolaria
- Phaulopsis dorsiflora
- Phlogacanthus curviflorus
- Pseuderanthemum aff. crenulatum
- Pseuderanthemum latifolium
- Pseuderanthemum parishii
- Ruellia tuberosa
- Rungia parviflora
- Sericocalyx quadrifarius
- Sericocalyx schomburgkii
- Staurogyne obtusa
- Strobilanthes anfractuosus
- Strobilanthes apricus
- Strobilanthes argentea
- Strobilanthes consors
- Strobilanthes imbricata
- Strobilanthes aff. mucronato-productus
- Strobilanthes rubroglandulosus
- Strobilanthes serrata
- Strobilanthes viscidus
- Thunbergia alata
- Thunbergia coccinea
- Thunbergia geoffrayi
- Thunbergia laurifolia
- Thunbergia similis
- Aristolochia grandis
- Aristolochia kerrii
- Aristolochia pierrei
- Aristolochia tagala
- Aristolochia versicolor
- Actinodaphne henryi
- Alseodaphne andersonii
- Beilschmiedia aff. intermedia
- Beilschmiedia aff. percoriacea
- Cinnamomum camphora
- Cinnamomum caudatum
- Cinnamomum iners
- Cinnamomum longipetiolatum
- Cryptocarya amygdalina
- Lindera caudata
- Litsea albicans
- Litsea cubeba
- Litsea firma
- Litsea glutinosa
- Litsea monopetala
- Litsea salicifolia
- Litsea semecarpifolia
- Litsea zeylanica
- Machilus bombycina
- Persea chartacea
- Phoebe cathia
- Phoebe lanceolata
- Phoebe aff. pallida
- Phoebe aff. neuranthoides
- Potameia siamensis
- Illigera thorelii
- Illigera trifoliata
- Dendrophthoe curvata
- Dendrophthoe lanosa
- Dendrophthoe pentandra
- Elytranthe albida
- Ginalloa siamica
- Helixanthera parasitica
- Helixanthera pulchra
- Macrosolen avenis
- Macrosolen lowii
- Scurrula atropurpurea
- Scurrula ferruginea
- Scurrula parasitica
- Viscum articulatum
- Viscum orientale
- Viscum ovalifolium
- Boehmeria chiangmaiensis
- Boehmeria clidemioides
- Boehmeria diffusa
- Boehmeria hamiltoniana
- Boehmeria macrophylla
- Boehmeria pilosiuscula
- Boehmeria pseudotomentosa
- Boehmeria thailandica
- Boehmeria zollingeriana
- Debregeasia longifolia
- Debregeasia squamata
- Dendrocnide sinuata
- Distemon indicum
- Elatostema integrifolium
- Elatostema lineolatum
- Elatostema longipes
- Elatostema monandrum
- Elatostema platyphyllum
- Girardinia hibiscifolia
- Laportea bulbifera
- Laportea interrupta
- Maoutia puya
- Oreocnide rubescens
- Pellionia latifolia
- Pellionia repens
- Pilea anisophylla
- Pilea microphylla
- Pilea trinervia
- Pouzolzia hirta
- Pouzolzia pentandra
- Pouzolzia zeylanica
- Xyris capensis
- Xyris pauciflora
- Eriocaulon oryzetorum
- Eriocaulon truncatum
- Eriocaulon aff. ubonense
Liliaceae
- Asparagus filicinus
- Aspidistra longifolia
- Aspidistra sutepensis
- Chlorophytum intermedium
- Dianella ensifolia
- Disporopsis longifolia
- Disporum calcaratum
- Disporum cantoniense
- Iphigenia indica
- Lilium primulinum
- Ophiopogon intermedius
- Ophiopogon longifolius
- Ophiopogon malcolmsonii
- Ophiopogon regnieri
- Ophiopogon reptans
- Paris polyphylla
- Peliosanthes teta
- Polygonatum kingianum
- Tupistra albiflora
- Smilax corbularia
- Smilax lanceifolia
- Smilax megacarpa
- Smilax ovalifolia
- Smilax perfoliata
- Smilax verticalis
- Smilax zeylanica
Araceae species listed in Sungkajanttranon et al. (2019):[3]
| Species | Forest type | Notes | > 1400 m |
|---|
| Alocasia acuminata | lower montane forest | | |
| Alocasia navicularis | deciduous dipterocarp forest | evergreen; geophyte | |
| Amorphophallus fuscus | lower montane forest | deciduous; geophyte | |
| Amorphophallus krausei | dry evergreen forest | deciduous; geophyte | |
| Amorphophallus thaiensis | lower montane forest | deciduous; geophyte | |
| Amorphophallus yunnanensis | lower montane forest | deciduous; geophyte | |
| Arisaema consanguineum | lower montane forest | deciduous; geophyte | |
| Arisaema kerrii | lower montane forest | deciduous; geophyte | |
| Arisaema maxwellii | dry evergreen forest, lower montane forest | deciduous; geophyte | |
| Colocasia affinis | dry evergreen forest, lower montane forest | deciduous; geophyte | |
| Colocasia esculenta | deciduous dipterocarp forest | evergreen; helophyte | |
| Hapaline benthamiana | dry evergreen forest | deciduous; geophyte | |
| Homalomena aromatica | lower montane forest | | |
| Lasia spinosa | dry evergreen forest | | |
| Lemna sp. | deciduous dipterocarp forest | | |
| Remusatia hookeriana | lower montane forest | | |
| Rhaphidophora chevalieri | dry evergreen forest | evergreen; epiphyte/lithophyte | |
| Rhaphidophora megaphylla | dry evergreen forest | evergreen; epiphyte/lithophyte | |
| Rhaphidophora peepla | lower montane forest | evergreen; epiphyte/lithophyte | |
| Sauromatum horsfieldii | lower montane forest | deciduous; geophyte | | |
- Gnetum leptostachyum
- Gnetum montanum
- Selaginella argentea
- Selaginella delicatula
- Selaginella helferi
- Selaginella involvens
- Selaginella kurzii
- Selaginella minutifolia
- Selaginella ostenfeldii
- Selaginella pennata
- Selaginella repanda
- Selaginella roxburghii
- Crepidomanes latealatum
- Hymenophyllum exsertum
- Antrophyum callifolium
- Antrophyum parvulum
- Antrophyum winitii
- Vittaria flexuosa
- Vittaria sikkimensis
- Asplenium apogamum
- Asplenium bilabiatum
- Asplenium cheilosorum
- Asplenium crinicaule
- Asplenium ensiforme
- Asplenium excisum
- Asplenium macrophyllum
- Asplenium nidus
- Asplenium obscurum
- Asplenium rockii
- Asplenium yoshinagae
- Arachniodes henryi
- Diacalpe aspidioides
- Didymochlaena truncatula
- Dryopteris cochleata
- Dryopteris hirtipes
- Dryopteris integriloba
- Dryopteris neoassamensis
- Dryopteris pseudosparsa
- Pleocnemia irregularis
- Polystichum attenuatum
- Polystichum biaristatum
- Polystichum eximium
- Tectaria christii
- Tectaria fauriei
- Tectaria fuscipes
- Tectaria herpetocaulos
- Tectaria impressa
- Thelypteris arida
- Thelypteris ciliata
- Thelypteris confluens
- Thelypteris crinipes
- Thelypteris cylindrothrix
- Thelypteris dentata
- Thelypteris hirtisora
- Thelypteris hispidula
- Thelypteris interrupta
- Thelypteris lakhimpurensis
- Thelypteris nudata
- Thelypteris papilio
- Thelypteris parasitica
- Thelypteris repens
- Thelypteris subelata
- Thelypteris terminans
- Thelypteris truncata
- Thelypteris xylodes
- Anisocampium cumingianum
- Athyrium anisopterum
- Athyrium dissitifolium
- Cornopteris opaca
- Diplazium asperum
- Diplazium donianum
- Diplazium esculentum
- Diplazium leptophyllum
- Diplazium polypodioides
- Diplazium siamense
- Kuniwatsukia cuspidata
- Aglaomorpha coronans
- Arthromeris amplexifolia
- Belvisia henryi
- Crypsinus cruciformis
- Crypsinus griffithianus
- Crypsinus oxylobus
- Crypsinus rhynchophyllus
- Drynaria bonii
- Drynaria fortunei
- Drynaria propinqua
- Drynaria rigidula
- Lepisorus bicolor
- Lepisorus heterolepis
- Lepisorus nudus
- Lepisorus scolopendrium
- Lepisorus subconfluens
- Leptochilus decurrens
- Leptochilus ellipticus
- Loxogramme chinensis
- Microsorum membranaceum
- Platycerium wallichii
- Polypodium amoenum
- Polypodium argutum
- Polypodium manmeiense
- Polypodium subauriculatum
- Pyrrosia adnascens
- Pyrrosia eberhardtii
- Pyrrosia lanceolata
- Pyrrosia mollis
- Pyrrosia porosa
- Pyrrosia stigmosa
See also
Notes and References
- Book: Vegetation and Vascular Flora of Doi Sutep-Pui National Park, Northern Thailand. 2001. J. F.. Maxwell. Stephen. Elliott. The Biodiversity Research and Training Program (BRT). Bangkok.
- Yarnvudhi, Arerut, Sarawood Sungkaew, Sutheera Hermhuk, Pasuta Sunthornhao, Surin Onprom (2016). Plant Diversity and Utilization on Ethnobotany of Local People at Hmong Doi Pui Village in Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Chiang Mai Province. Thai J. For. 35(3): 136-146 (2016).
- Altitudinal Effect on Diversity and Distribution of Araceae in Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Chiang Mai Province in Thailand. J. Of Agr. Sci. And Tech. B. 9. 1. Oraphan. Sungkajanttranon. Dokrak. Marod. Sahanat. Petchsri. Kritsiam. Kongsatree. Anothai. Peankonchong. Thunthicha. Chotpiseksit. Benjawan. Supnuam. 2019-01-28.
- Gardner, Simon; Sidisunthorn, Pindar & Anusarnsunthorn, Vilaiwan (2007). A Field Guide to Forest Trees of Northern Thailand. Bangkok: Kobfai Publishing Project.
