List of place names used during the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong explained

During the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, as part of their assimilation policy, Japanese governors advocated for the changing of English and Chinese place names of streets and buildings into Japanese, the official lingua franca. This is a partial list of all street names changed during the Japanese occupation; due to incomplete historical data, it is difficult to verify some place names in the table according to phonetic or transcript.

Administrative divisions

DistrictNameKanji[1] Notes[2] [3]
Naka-kuJapanese: 中區Now Central District (Chinese: 中環)
Nishi-kuJapanese: 西區Now Sheung Wan (Chinese: 上環)
Mizuki-kuJapanese: 水城區Now Sai Ying Pun (Chinese: 西營盤)
Kuramae-kuJapanese: 藏前區Now Shek Tong Tsui (Chinese: 石塘嘴)
Sanno-kuJapanese: 山王區Now Kennedy Town (Chinese: 堅尼地城)
Higashi-kuJapanese: 東區Now Wan Chai (Chinese: 灣仔)
Kasuga-kuJapanese: 春日區Now Canal Road (Chinese: 鵝頸)
Aoba-kuJapanese: 青葉區Now Happy Valley (Chinese: 跑馬地)
Dorawan-kuJapanese: 銅鑼灣區Now Causeway Bay (Chinese: 銅鑼灣)
Shokiwan-kuJapanese: 筲箕灣區Now Shau Kei Wan (Chinese: 筲箕灣) and North Point (Chinese: 北角)
Motominato-kuJapanese: 元港區Now Aberdeen (Chinese: 香港仔) and Pok Fu Lam (Chinese: 薄扶林)
Sekichū-kuJapanese: 赤柱區Now Stanley (Chinese: 赤柱)
Minato-kuJapanese: 湊區Now Tsim Sha Tsui (Chinese: 尖沙咀)
Yamashita-kuJapanese: 山下區Now Hung Hom (Chinese: 紅磡)
Katori-kuJapanese: 香取區Now Yau Ma Tei (Chinese: 油麻地)
Daikaku-kuJapanese: 大角區Now Tai Kok Tsui (Chinese: 大角咀) and Mong Kok (Chinese: 旺角)
Aoyama-kuJapanese: 青山區Now Sham Shui Po (Chinese: 深水埗)
Kajima-ku, Kashima-kuJapanese: 鹿島區Now Kowloon Tong (Chinese: 九龍塘)
Moto-kuJapanese: 元區Now Kowloon City (Chinese: 九龍城)
Keitoku-kuJapanese: 啓德區Now East Kowloon (Chinese: 東九龍)
Senwan-kuJapanese: 荃灣區Now Tsuen Wan (Chinese: 荃灣)
Saiko-kuJapanese: 西貢區Now Sai Kung District (Chinese: 西貢)
Shaden-kuJapanese: 沙田區Now Sha Tin (Chinese: 沙田)
Taiho-kuJapanese: 大埔區Now Tai Po (Chinese: 大埔)
Josui-kuJapanese: 上水區Now Sheung Shui (Chinese: 上水) and Fanling (Chinese: 粉嶺)
Shinden-kuJapanese: 新田區Now New Territories North (Chinese: 新界北)
Shatokaku-kuJapanese: 沙頭角區Now Sha Tau Kok (Chinese: 沙頭角)
Genro-kuJapanese: 元朗區Now Yuen Long (Chinese: 元朗) and Tuen Mun (Chinese: 屯門)

Location names

Hong Kong Island

NameKanji[4] Notes[5]
NioigamineJapanese: 香ヶ峯Now Victoria Peak (Chinese: 太平山)
Honkon-kōJapanese: 香港港Now Victoria Harbour (Chinese: 維多利亞港)
MidorigahamaJapanese: 綠ヶ濱Now Repulse Bay (Chinese: 淺水灣)
Midorigahama HoteruJapanese: 綠ヶ濱ホテルNow Repluse Bay Hotel (Chinese: 淺水灣酒店)
ShōwahirobaJapanese: 昭和廣塲Now Statue Square (Chinese: 皇后像廣場)
Japanese: 青葉峽競馬場Now Happy Valley Racecourse (Chinese: 跑馬地馬場)
Taishō KoyenJapanese: 大正公園, Japanese: 香港神社Now the Zoological and Botanical Gardens (Chinese: 香港動植物公園)
Sanno-daiJapanese: 山王台Now Kennedy Town (Chinese: 堅尼地城)
MotohonkonJapanese: 元香港Now Aberdeen Harbor (Chinese: 香港仔)
MotohonkonwanJapanese: 元香港灣Now Aberdeen Bay (Chinese: 石排灣)
MotohonkonkaikyoJapanese: 元香港海峽Now Aberdeen Channel (Chinese: 香港仔海峽)
Yawatadori-HirobaJapanese: 八幡通廣場Now the Southorn Playground (Chinese: 修頓球場)
Japanese: 琉璜海峽Now Sulphur Channel (Chinese: 硫磺海峽)
Chuo-IchibaJapanese: 中央市場Now Central Market (Chinese: 中環街市)

Kowloon

NameKanji[6] Notes
Toa HoteruJapanese: 東亞ホテルNow the Peninsula Hotel (Chinese: 半島酒店)
Kyuriu-KyogijioJapanese: 九龍競技塲Now King's Park (Chinese: 京士柏)
Japanese: 向島Now Stonecutters Island (Chinese: 昂船洲)
Japanese: 官富山Now Ping Shan (Chinese: 平山)
Japanese: 中興市場Now Chung King Market (Chinese: 重慶市場)

New Territories

KanjiNotes
Japanese: 巨洲Now Kau Sai Chau (Chinese: 滘西洲)
Japanese: 高洲Now High Island (Chinese: 粮船灣)
Japanese: 黃麖山Now Tiu Tang Lung (Chinese: 吊燈籠)
Japanese: 吉澳洲Now Kat O (Chinese: 吉澳)
Japanese: 大嶼島Now Lantau Island (Chinese: 大嶼山)
Japanese: 博寮島Now Lamma Island (Chinese: 南丫島)
Japanese: 長洲島Now Cheung Chau (Chinese: 長洲)
Japanese: 坪洲島Now Peng Chau (Chinese: 坪洲)
Japanese: 青衣島Now Tsing Yi (Chinese: 青衣)
Japanese: 馬灣島Now Ma Wan (Chinese: 馬灣)
Japanese: 屯門澳Now Castle Peak Bay (Chinese: 青山灣)
Japanese: 平山Now Ping Shan (Chinese: 屏山)
Japanese: 鳳洲Now Tai Long Wan (Chinese: 大浪灣)
Japanese: 鳳山[7] Now Tai Long Au (Chinese: 大浪坳)
Japanese: 鴉洲Now Tai A Chau (Chinese: 大鴉洲)
Japanese: 海關凹Now Duckling Hill (Chinese: 鴨仔山)

Street names

DistrictNameKanji[8] Notes
Hong Kong IslandNishisumiyoshi-doriJapanese: 西住吉通Now Connaught Road West (Chinese: 干諾道西)
Nakasumiyoshi-doriJapanese: 中住吉通Now Connaught Road Center (Chinese: 干諾道中)
Higashisumiyoshi-doriJapanese: 東住吉通Now Gloucester Road (Chinese: 告士打道)
Nishimeiji-doriJapanese: 西明治通Now Queen's Road West (Chinese: 皇后大道西)
Nakameiji-doriJapanese: 中明治通Now Queen's Road Central (Chinese: 皇后大道中)
Higashimeiji-doriJapanese: 東明治通Now Queen's Road East (Chinese: 皇后大道東) and Queensway (Chinese: 金鐘道)
Nishishōwa-doriJapanese: 西昭和通Now Des Voeux Road West (Chinese: 德輔道西)
Higashishōwa-doriJapanese: 東昭和通Now Des Voeux Road Central (Chinese: 德輔道中)
Nishitaishō-doriJapanese: 西大正通Now Bonham Road (Chinese: 般咸道)
Nakataishō-doriJapanese: 中大正通Now Caine Road (Chinese: 堅道) and Upper Albert Road (Chinese: 上亞厘畢道)
Higashitaishō-doriJapanese: 東大正通Now Kennedy Road (Chinese: 堅尼地道)
Yawata-doriJapanese: 八幡通Now Hennessy Road (Chinese: 軒尼詩道) and Johnston Road (Chinese: 莊士敦道)
Kasuga-doriJapanese: 春日通Now Yee Wo Street (Chinese: 怡和街)
Higawa-doriJapanese: 氷川通Now Causeway Road (Chinese: 高士威道)
Hokoku-doriJapanese: 豐國通Now King's Road (Chinese: 英皇道)
Izumo-doriJapanese: 出雲通Now Conduit Road (Chinese: 干德道)
Kirishima-doriJapanese: 霧島通Now Bowen Road (Chinese: 寶雲道)
KowloonKatori-doriJapanese: 香取通Now Nathan Road (Chinese: 彌敦道)
Kashima-doriJapanese: 鹿島通Now Prince Edward Road (Chinese: 太子道)

References

  1. Book: Xiao, Xixue. Hong Kong City Exploration. Zhonghua Book Company (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd.. 2016. 9789888420056. 226.
  2. Book: Hong Kong under Military Administration : The Core of the New Greater East Asia [軍政下の香港:新生した大東亜の中核]. Toyo Economic Newspaper. 17 February 1944. 320.
  3. Book: Ho, Pui-yin. Making Hong Kong - A History of its Urban Development. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited. 2018. 978-1-78811-794-4.
  4. Book: Yonghao, Huang. Leisure, beach and sea bathing: Hong Kong's swimming history [閒暇、海濱與海浴:香江游泳史]. Sanlian Bookstore (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd.. 2014. 978-962-04-3479-2. 181–182.
  5. Book: Ward, Robert S.. Hong Kong Under Japanese Occupation: A Case Study in the Enemy's Techniques of Control. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. 1943.
  6. Book: Tangzhuo, Min. Cold and Wet ── relics from the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong [淒風苦雨──從文物看日佔香港]]. Zhonghua Book Company (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. 2015. 978-988-8340-90-3. 194.
  7. Web site: 20 May 2014. Temporary closure of hiking trails. Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government Press Bulletin.
  8. Web site: History and Culture Course Secondary Three-Topic 4 [歷史與文化課程中三年級 - 課題四]]. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160103000910/http://www.edb.gov.hk/attachment/tc/curriculum-development/kla/pshe/references-and-resources/chinese-history/exemplar5_9040.pdf. 3 January 2016. Hong Kong Education Bureau.